Geo: Exam 3 (1st practice)
Which of the following is incorrect about glacial movement?
Glaciers are mostly stationary, only moving several centimeters over tens of years.
Which of the following is not correct regarding the Pleistocene?
It represents a single, continuous cold spell.
Which of the following is not a product of the Pleistocene glaciation?
Sub-Saharan Till Plains
In regards to soil-formation, which of the following best describes the role of climate?
Temperature and moisture determine the chemical reactions, organic activity, and water movement within soils.
Which of the following is correct regarding continental drift?
The concept of "continental drift" is now called plate tectonics.
According to MacArthur and Wilson's theory of island biogeography, which of the following is correct?
The number of species increases with island area.
When a dam and reservoir are constructed, the natural response of the river and its channel gradient come under the control of
a local, or temporary, base level.
The zone of seasonally frozen ground that exists between the subsurface permafrost layer and the ground surface is called the
active layer
What is the drainage pattern where structural domes with concentric patterns of rock strata guide stream courses?
annular
Which of the following is not factored in the following equation Q=wdv?
channel length
When rock is broken down and disintegrated in the presence of water and with chemical alterations to the rock, the process in operation is
chemical weathering.
A stable, self-sustaining assemblage of species that would exist until the next major disturbance is known as a
climax community
The portion of each meandering curve subject to the fastest water velocity undergoes the greatest erosive action. This action forms a steep
cutback
Which of the following is evidence of recent changes in polar regions?
decrease in sea ice volume, ice sheet darkening, increased meltponds, and ice shelves calving
Biomes are determined based on
easily identifiable vegetation characteristics of the dominant plants.
The uplift of mountains is caused by
endogenic processes
An extensive area of sand and sand dunes is known as a(n)
erg desert, or sand sea.
When rock strata are strained beyond their ability to remain an intact unit, a displacement occurs in a process known as
faulting
The cones of the jack pine (Pinus banksiana) are serotinous, only opening when exposed to intense heat. This is an example of
fire adaptation.
If one were to stack thick fabric fabric on top of one another, then push the opposite ends towards one another, resulting and bending and rumpling, this would illustrate what physical process?
folding
Which of the following is not one of the five primary soil-forming factors?
human activity
An extensive, continuous mass of ice covering a continental scale area is known as a(n)
ice sheet
Extensive landscapes formed by the dissolution of limestone and other carbonate rock and characterized by pitted, bumpy surface topography, poor surface drainage, and well developed solutions channels are known as
karst topography.
Continuing dissolution and collapse may lead the the coalescing of sinkholes to form a
karst valley.
Earth's interior is layered because
materials became sorted based on density as the Earth solidified.
Consider a simple food chain in which a grasshopper eats grass, the grasshopper is eaten by a frog, the frog is eaten by a snake, and a burying beetle feeds on the snake after it dies . Which of the following is not correctly matched
snake—primary consumer
Particles too big for saltation may slide or roll in a process called
surface creep.
Which of the following is not used to rate an earthquake on the moment magnitude scale?
the amount of death and destruction that occurred
Human intervention along a coastline intended to interrupt beach drift can include all of the following except
tombolos
What biome is locally named the Chaco, the Caatinga, the brigalow, and the dornveld.
tropical seasonal forest and scrub
Other than the rock itself, the most important chemical substance needed for the majority of chemical weathering processes is
water
Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
Compression — shortening
________ is the general term for unconsolidated clay, silt, sand, gravel, and mineral fragments deposited by running water.
Alluvium
________ are among the Earth's most agriculturally significant soils.
Mollisols
Which of the following can lead to the slope failure that causes mass movement?
Saturation, undercutting slopes., earthquakes, and built-up pressure
Which of the following is not necessary for well-developed karst to develop?
arid conditions
Long, narrow depositional features of sand that form offshore roughly parallel to the coast are called
barrier beaches.
Large, stable communities of plants and animals whose boundaries are closely linked to climate and soils are called
biomes
A depression created by deflation is known as a
blowout
Which extensive biome stretches from the east coast of Canada to the Canadian Rockies, as well as across the entire extent of Russia to the European Plain and at high elevations at lower latitudes?
boreal and montane forest
Which of the following is not an anthropogenic biome?
boreal and montane forest
Seawater with less than 35‰ is termed
brackish
When the height of a wave exceeds its vertical stability, the wave is called a
breaker
The gaseous oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere was produced as a by-product of
photosynthesis.
The portion of each meandering curve subject to the slowest water velocity undergoes aggradation. This results in a(n)
point bar
The term used to denote the part of a volume of soil that is filled with air, gases, or water is
porosity.
The increase in meltponds across polar regions absorb more insolation and become warmer. This leads to more melting, which creates more meltponds. This is an example of a ________.
positive feedback.
A central peak, such as a volcanic mountain, generally produces a ________ drainage pattern.
radial
