Geo lab guide

A benchmark is

a permanent marker on the ground that indicates locations ans elevation

The principle of inclusion states that

a sedimentary rock must be younger than the clasts that it contains

Groundwater is unique among all the erosional agents because it

carves landscapes from below the surface

The water table is lowered

during periods of drought

The principle of superposition can be used to determine the relative ages of all of these except

folded sedimentary rocks

Sinkholes typically have steep-walled sides because

gravity causes the roof of an area hollowed by solution to collapse

Contour lines on a map connect points

of equal elevation

The zero contour line is also known as

sea level

What most likely will happen if the water table is at the surface of the ground

Small depression fill with water, basement will flood, water from heavy rain will not sink

Spits and barrier islands are

deposited by longshore drift.

If a sequence of sedimentary rocks has been folded and is now vertical

graded bedding can determine if beds are older or younger than neighbors

The_______of a stream are where it begins, and its________is/-where if flows into another body of water

headwaters; mouth

By what feature(s) might submergent shorelines be characterized typically

highly irregular coastlines, numerous bays and headlands, sand and lagoons, ALL OF THE ABOVE

The sinuosity of a stream is measure of

how much it meanders

During longshore drift, sand grains move

in a zigzag pattern

Groundwater is the part of the hydrosphere in which water does which of the following

seeps into sediment pores, flows through bedrock fractures, leak into the ground, ALL OF THE ABOVE

The severity of the impact of coastal hurricanes on the shoreline depends on which of the following

the path of the eye of the hurricane, whether the storm comes onshore at high tide or low tide, wind velocity, all of the above

The dominant cause of erosion along lake and ocean shorelines is

waves

By what motion(s) do sediment particles move in a stream?

sliding, rolling, bouncing, ALL OF THE ABOVE

An angular unconformity is evidence that

there is an incomplete geologic record preserved in an area.

Which of the following could be the base level of stream

all of the above

Contour lines on a topographic map

are spaced at equal distances from one another horizontally

Small tick marks (hachures) on contour lines indicate

depressions

The gradient of a stream describes

the steepness of its path through the landscape.

The term relative age refers to

whether a feature is older or younger than another