GEOG 200 CHAP. # 02
C) Lake Baykal
49. The industrial area just to the east of the Kuzbas is centered near: A) the Urals B) Uzbekistan C) Lake Baykal D) Baki (Baku) E) Vladivostok
A) western part of the country
5.Most of the population of Russia is found in the: A) western part of the country B) Pacific coastal zone C) southern tier of the country D) zone of C climates E) area just south of the Ural Mountains
B) Sakhalin
50. The most important oil and gas reserves in Russia's Far East are centered on: A) the waters between Russia and Japan's southern islands B) Sakhalin C) the Trans-Siberian railroad corridor D) the Chinese border zone E) Vladivostok
F
51. Lenin led the former Soviet Union during World War II.
F
52. Russia is the world's largest state in population size.
T
53. The north-south mountain range in the west-central USSR that is often regarded as the "boundary" between Europe and Asia is called the Ural Mountains.
F
54. The great majority of Russia's inhabitants are concentrated to the east of the Ural Mountains.
T
55. Russia is about twice as large as the United States in area.
T
56. The Russian population today totals just over 200 million.
F
57. The mountain ranges in the north of Russia act as a significant barrier to the flow of Arctic air masses, resulting in a warmer climate than might otherwise be expected.
T
58. In general, the north and west of Russia are flat, the south and east are mountainous.
T
59. The Russian Plain is essentially an eastward continuation of the North European Lowland.
C) continentality
6. The term ________ is used to describe an inland climate that is remote from the moderating influences of large water bodies. A) maritime B) tundra C) continentality D) taiga E) longitudinality
F
60. The Ural Mountains, which run north-south across the Russian Republic, are a formidable obstacle to east-west transportation.
F
61. Russia's czars first came to power as a result of the Russian Revolution.
F
62. The massive territorial expansionism we associate with Russia began in 1917 with the arrival of communism.
F
63. Moscow has continually served as the Russian/Soviet/Russian capital city since the rule of Peter the Great.
F
64. Murmansk was established as a forward capital on the Barents Sea.
T
65. The Russians, in their eastward push, eventually reached Alaska.
T
66. The official launching of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics took place in 1924.
T
67. Toward the end of the Soviet era there were 15 SSRs (Soviet Socialist Republics)..
T
68. Under the Soviet economic system, assignment by Moscow, rather than market forces, controlled the development of places.
T
69. The centralized economic planning practiced in the Soviet Union is known as a command economy.
E) Valdivostok
21. Distance decay effects are greatest between Moscow and: A) St. Petersburg B) the Urals region C) the Caucasus region D) the Caspian region E) Valdivostok
E) 2000
22. The change from 89 "Regions, Republics, and other entities" into seven new administrative units occurred in _____. A) 1917 B) 1923 C) 1945 D) 1991 E) 2000
D) decreasing at an increasing rate.
23. The population of Russia is: A) greater today than it was in 1991. B) about the same size as the U.S. C) unusual in that men live longer, on average, than women. D) decreasing at an increasing rate. E) has just surpassed 300 million.
E) displays all of the characteristics listed above
24. A country's core area A) often contains a state's capital city B) incorporates the nation's largest population cluster C) contains the region with the country's most efficient communications networks D) exhibits the country's strongest cultural imprints E) displays all of the characteristics listed above
E) 7
19. The number of Federal Administrative Districts within the Russian Federation is: A) 21 B) 89 C) 177 D) 412 E) 7
C) 15
2. The Soviet Union consisted of _____________ Soviet Socialist Republics. A) 4 B) 12 C) 15 D) 43 E) 89
A) Chechnya
20. Which Russian republic fought a (still unresolved) war for independence from Moscow during the 1990s: A) Chechnya B) Georgia C) South Ossetia D) Sakha (Yakutiya) E) Kosovo
D) Belarus
1. Which of the following states in not officially part of this realm? A) Armenia B) Georgia C) Azerbaijan D) Belarus E) Siberia
A) taiga
10. The coniferous forest vegetation found to the south of tundra is known as: A) taiga B) Mediterranean C) permafrost D) tundra E) steppe 10. The coniferous forest vegetation found to the south of tundra is known as: A) taiga B) Mediterranean C) permafrost D) tundra E) steppe
Transcaucasia
100. The territory south of the Russian border between the Black and the Caspian Seas is known as _______________.
D)11
101. Russia's territorial size is such that it encompasses ___ timeszones. A) 3 B) 7 C) 9 D)11 E) 15
D) Chechnya
102. Which of the following is not currently an independent country that was once part of the Soviet Union? A) Moldova B) Georgia C) Latvia D) Chechnya E) Ukraine
B) Access to warm-water ports.
103. What was a prime motivation for Russia's colonial expansion in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? A) Access to mineral wealth. B) Access to warm-water ports. C) Access to trade routes with China and Japan. D) Access to the commercial wealth of Western Europe. E) Access to the Western Hemisphere,
F
104. Russia's level or urbanization is greater than that of Europe.
T
105. Global warming will increase Russia's maritime access to the world.
T
106. Russia's population today is about the same as that of Nigeria.
F
107. Russia was never a colonial power.
F
108. Russia is an ethnically homogenous country.
F
109. Russia's mineral wealth has been fully realized into a modern industrial economy that is highly diversified.
C) permafrost
11. Persistently frozen ground is known as: A) taiga B) an ice sheet C) permafrost D) tundra E) steppe 11. Persistently frozen ground is known as: A) taiga B) an ice sheet C) permafrost D) tundra E) steppe
Russia's sphere of influence.
110. The "Near Abroad" refers to ________________.
B) Urals
12. The mountain chain in west-central Russia that is sometimes regarded as the "boundary" between Europe and Asia is known as the: A) Western Uplands B) Urals C) Caucasus D) Central Asiatic Ranges E) Carpathians
E) Caucasus
13. The _____ Mountains lie in the corridor between the Black and Caspian seas. A) Ural B) Central Asian C) Mongol D) Siberian E) Caucasus
B) Peter the Great
14. __________ was responsible for building a new Russian capital on the doorstep of Finland during the eighteenth century. A) Catherine the Great B) Peter the Great C) Ivan the Terrible D) Vladimir Ras Putin E) Josef Lenin
B) forward capital
15. The movement of the headquarters of the Russian Empire to St. Petersburg allowed that city to become a(n): A) interior capital B) forward capital C) primate city D) continental city E) Asian gateway
C) saw the overthrow of the last czar
16. The Russian Revolution of 1917: A) saw the czars defeat the communists B) ended a long-running civil war C) saw the overthrow of the last czar D) led to Moscow being renamed Leningrad E) made Russia itself a weak, territorially small presence in the new USSR
D) was symbolic of a new period in Russian political and economic history, whose chief architect was V. I. Lenin
17. The movement of the Soviet capital from Petrograd (St. Petersburg) to Moscow: A) signaled a new emphasis on maritime power B) occurred because Petrograd lay in too cold a climate C) occurred during the time of the fighting between the Bolsheviks and the "Red" armies D) was symbolic of a new period in Russian political and economic history, whose chief architect was V. I. Lenin E) was nullified after the 1917 Revolution when the capital was returned to the city renamed Leningrad
C) the Kuznetsk Basin (Kuzbas)
18. Which of the following is not found in Russia west of the Urals? A) the realm's core area B) Moscow C) the Kuznetsk Basin (Kuzbas) D) the Volga-Don Canal E) C climates
C) was named Leningrad during Soviet times
25. St. Petersburg: A) lies on the doorstep of Siberia, a binding force between the eastern and western halves of Russia B) was always a competitor for Moscow, but did not become the capital of Russia until the 1917 Revolution C) was named Leningrad during Soviet times D) lies at the head of the Sea of Okhotsk E) has always been the country's most important Black Sea port
C) incorporates the Central Industrial Region, at the heart of which lies the city of Moscow
26. Russia's core area: A) includes the great cities of the Far East B) centers on St. Petersburg and includes such urban places as Novgorod and Kiev C) incorporates the Central Industrial Region, at the heart of which lies the city of Moscow D) has now shifted eastward into Siberia beyond the Urals E) extends into recently absorbed Eastern Europe, and now includes Poland and Hungary
C) Kuzbas Region
27. Which of the following Russian manufacturing region is located in the Eastern Forntier: A) Volga Region B) Urals Region C) Kuzbas Region D) Central Industrial Region E) Far East Region
D) Povolzhye
28. The Volga River is central to which important subregion? A) Kuzbas B) Urals C) Central Industrial D) Povolzhye E) Far East
B) centrality
29. Russia's railroad network radiates outward from Moscow, thereby providing the city with a high degree of: A) inaccessibility B) centrality C) diversity D) continentality E) complementarity
E) 1991
3. The former Soviet Union dissolved in _____ . A) 1917 B) 1923 C) 1945 D) 1989 E) 1991
D) coal deposits that gave rise to the Kuzbas complex
30. The Povolzhye has been helped by all of the following except the: A) Volga-Don Canal B) large petroleum reserves C) Volga River D) coal deposits that gave rise to the Kuzbas complex E) distance from European conflicts
D) Ural Mountains
31. The __________ form(s) the eastern limit of the Russian Core: A) Caucasus Mountains B) Ob River C) Volga River D) Ural Mountains E) permafrost line
A) Central Industrial, Volga, Ural
32. Which three manufacturing regions form the anchors of the Russian Core Area? A) Central Industrial, Volga, Ural B) Amur, Volga, Siberia C) Danube, Central Industrial, Southern Periphery D) Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan E) Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia
D) Dagestan Republic
33. This Caspian Sea-facing Russian Republic contains numerous culturally discrete communities, is located next to the Chechen Republic, and its economy is dominated by agriculture and oil: A) Ingush Republic B) Mari Republic C) North Ossetian Republic D) Dagestan Republic E) Kazakh Republic
D) Islam
34. The dominant religion in Chechnya is: A) Chechen Orthodox B) Buddhism C) Roman Catholicism D) Islam E) Russian Orthodox
E) Groznyy
35. The capital of the Chechen Republic is: A) Baki (Baku) B) Chechensk C) Tbilisi D) Ingushetiya E) Groznyy
E) Kyrgyzstan
36. The Transcaucasian Transition Zone includes all of the following except: A) Georgia B) Armenia C) Azerbaijan D) Nagorno-Karabakh E) Kyrgyzstan
C) Georgia
37. The former Soviet Socialist Republic on the Black Sea containing the birthplace of Stalin is: A) Moldova (Moldavia) B) Ukraine C) Georgia D) Crimea E) the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
D) Armenia
38. This former Soviet Socialist Republic borders Turkey and remains in conflict with an oil-rich neighboring state over its exclave of Nagorno-Karabakh: A) Bulgaria B) Azerbaijan C) Georgia D) Armenia E) Turkmenistan
C) Azerbaijan
39. Armenia is engaged in territorial conflict with which other former Soviet Socialist Republic? A) Georgia B) Afghanistan C) Azerbaijan D) Ukraine E) Turkmenistan
C) Azerbaijan
4. Which of the following is not an ex-Soviet, Central Asian Republic? A) Uzbekistan B) Turkmenistan C) Azerbaijan D) Kazakhstan E) Tajikistan
D) Nagorno-Karabakh
40. This exclave of Armenia is 75 percent Armenian, but is located within Muslim Azerbaijan. A) Georgia B) Chechnya C) Abkhazia D) Nagorno-Karabakh E) Kurdistan
C) Baki (Baku)
41. Which of the following cities is the leading oil center in Azerbaijan? A) Sakhalin B) Novorossiysk C) Baki (Baku) D) Groznyy E) Ceyhan
C) South Ossetia
42. The Russian invasion of Georgia in 2008 was aimed at the autonomous region of: A) Nagorno-Karabakh B) Ingushetiya C) South Ossetia D) Ajaria E) Chechnya
A) Azerbaijan
43. This former Soviet Socialist Republic contains the oil city of Baki (Baku) and its people have ethnic affinities with Iran. A) Azerbaijan B) Moldova C) Georgia D) Armenia E) Turkmenistan
C) Azeris
44. Which of the following people look across their border to Iran because they share a common Shi'ite Muslim faith? A) Persians B) Armenians C) Azeris D) Chechens E) Turks
D) Nagorno-Karabakh
45. The territory in dispute between Azerbaijan and Armenia is: A) Kurdistan B) Abkhazia C) Ajaria D) Nagorno-Karabakh E) West Ossetia
C) Murmansk
46. The Russian port of ______ is kept open year-round by warm water from the North Atlantic. A) Vladivostok B) Novorossiysk C) Murmansk D) Novosibirsk E) Baki (Baku)
E) Mediterranean Sea
47. The new pipeline opened in 2006 between Baki (Baku) and Ceyhan carries Caspian Sea oil to a new terminal located on the: A) Black Sea B) Persian Gulf C) Pacific Ocean D) Volga River E) Mediterranean Sea
E) all of the above
48. The Kuzbas: A) is located near the city of Novosibirsk B) is also called the Kuznetsk Basin C) lies in the Eastern Frontier region D) contains both iron and coal deposits E) all of the above
D) Climate refers to long term average conditions.
7. Which of the following is true? A) Climate refers to current conditions at a given location. B) Weather refers to long term average conditions. C) Russia's climate may be described as dominated by C climates. D) Climate refers to long term average conditions. E) Russia has no E climates.
F
70. Since the fall of the communist regime, Moscow and the central government based there have become more and more respected by people throughout the country.
F
71. The post-1991 Russian Federation was restructured to consist of only 14 internal political units.
F
72. The Soviet Union devolved into 20 independent countries in 1991.
F
73. Since the fall of communism in 1991, Russian life expectancies have increased markedly.
F
74. The dispute over the Kurile Islands between Russia and Japan was reolved in 2008.
F
75. St. Petersburg, with respect to the Russian domestic market, has greater locational (situational) advantages and less of a distance-decay problem than Moscow.
T
76. Moscow lies at the heart of the Central Industrial Region.
T
77. Povolzhye is the Russian name for an area that extends along the middle and lower Volga River.
F
78. Georgia is the only Transcaucasian republic with a Caspian Sea coastline.
F
79. Muslims in Azerbaijan look across the border to Iraq for support of their cause.
D) D
8. The majority of Russia falls within the humid cold climate region. In the Köppen-Geiger classification sche me, this is signified by the letter: A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
T
80. Baki (Baku) is the leading oil city on the western shore of the Caspian Sea.
T
81. Azerbaijan and Armenia bitterly contest the territory known as Nagorno-Karabakh.
T
82. The term Kuzbas is shorthand for the Kuznetsk Basin.
T
83. The large city near the southern end of Lake Baykal is Irkutsk.
T
84. Siberia is larger in territorial size than the conterminous U.S., but has a population of less than 20 million.
T
85. The Lena, Ob, and Yenisey are all major northward-flowing rivers of Siberia.
T
86. Although the Far East remains a sparsely populated area, Russian fishing fleets sail from Vladivostok into the Sea of Okhotsk.
F
87. The eastward migration of Russians to the Pacific coastal zone since 1991 has been so great as to overburden the available accommodations there, and restrictions have been necessitated.
F
88. The development of the Russian Far East has benefited significantly to date from the region's geographic proximity of Japan.
T
89. Sakhalin is an oil-rich island that lies off the Russian Far East mainland.
A) tundra
9. The vegetation on a higher-latitude treeless plain (mostly mosses, lichens, and sparse grasses) is known as: A) tundra B) oligarctic biomass C) permafrost D) taiga E) steppe
T
90. Siberia's importance in Russia is due to its natural resources.
St. Petersburg
91. The former Leningrad is today again called __________.
1991
92. The USSR collapsed in the year ___________.
Peter the Great
93. The czar principally responsible for trying to modernize Russia and make it a European-style state was __________.
Georgia
94. South Ossetia, Abkhazia, and Ajaria are all located in the Transcaucasian country of _____.
Volga-Don
95. Development in the Povolzhye has been sparked, in part, by the development of the __________ Canal, which links to the Black Sea.
VLADIVOSTOK
96. The eastern terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railroad is __________.
Kuzbas (Kuznetsk Basin)
97. The Eastern Frontier's leading industrial region is the __________.
Siberia
98. The region of Russia known as "Russia's freezer" and "sleeping land" is __________.
Kurile
99. A territorial dispute between Japan and Russia that is holding up a peace treaty between the two countries involves four tiny islands that belong to the _______________ chain.
