GEOG Quizzes 1-7

The temperature at the top of the mesosphere is about __________ degrees Celsius.

-100 C

At a given location the sea level air temperature is 30 degrees Celsius. Based on the average environmental lapse rate, what is the most likely temperature at 5,000 meters in mountains near that same sea level location?

-2.5 degrees Celsius

At the North Pole, meridians are __________ kilometers (miles) apart.

0

If Earth's axial tilt were zero, the subsolar point would migrate across __________ degrees of latitude each six months.

0

On December 21, the latitude 80 degrees north receives __________ hours of daylight.

0

Prime Meridian

0 degrees longitude

Carb on dioxide (CO )

0.0408% by volume

Map distance = 4.65 inches and real distance is 4650 miles

1 inch =1000 miles

The dry adiabatic rate of temperature change for an unsaturated air parcel is __________.

10 degrees Celsius per 1,000 meters

On the equator, meridians are __________ kilometers apart.

111

In the exercise, we had 1 gram of ice at -100ºC and added heat to convert the ice to liquid and then to water vapor at 200ºC. You determined the total amount of heat needed in calories. Based on what you learned, how many total calories would you have to remove to cool 2 grams of water vapor at 200ºC to ice at -100ºC?

1740 calories

Longitudes run as high as __________ degrees.

180

Opposite of the Prime Meridian

180 degrees longitude

Bare Rock

20-40%

Tropic of Capricorn

23.5 degrees South

Clouds

25-80%

If 1 kilogram of air has 12 g of water vapor and the temperature is 40 degrees C, what is the relative humidity?

25.5%

Lines of latitude are ~spaced evenly (~111 km or 69 miles per degree). What is the distance between the Equator and the Tropic of Cancer?

2608.5 km (1621 miles)

Using Google Earth, you found the latitude and longitude of LSU's main campus in Baton Rouge. Since LSU is a large campus, please round the latitude and longitude to the closest minute. Select the answer below that is closest to your determination of the latitude and longitude of LSU. The degrees and minutes are spelled out to avoid confusion on different computer systems.

30 degrees and 25 minutes North, 91 degrees 10 minutes West

Overall, what percentage of solar radiation is reflected by Earth?

30-31 percent

Ninety-two degrees Fahrenheit is equal to __________ degrees Celsius.

33

It takes Earth __________ days to revolve around the Sun.

365.25

Asphalt

5-10%

Vegetation

5-25%

Water

5-80%

How many calories are required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water from 100 degrees to 101 degrees Celsius?

541

What is the monthly mean temperature for December 2019? Pick the closest value to the one you calculated in the activity using the data in the Excel file (December 1 to December 31).

56.5 degrees F

Snow

60-90%

Antarctic Circle

66.5 degrees South

Overall, what percentage of solar radiation is absorbed by Earth?

69 percent

What percentage of the oxygen in the atmosphere originates from photosynthetic organisms in the oceans?

70 percent

How many degrees of latitude separate the equator from the North Pole?

90

Ozone layer

Absorbs UV radiation

Frontal Lifting

Air masses with different characteristics

Remote sensing

Aircraft, satellites, and towers taking measurements or observations of the Earth

Coldest surface temperatures of an ocean on Earth

Arctic

The __________ Ocean is mostly ice-covered.

Arctic

Several gases in the atmosphere are from biological sources, either respiration, photosynthesis, or decomposition. Some atmospheric gases are man-made from industrial processes. Select the gas below that is not the direct result of biological or man-made processes (i.e., naturally occurring).

Argon gas (Ar)

Which lettered location on the map shows the area of greatest change in seawater pH?

C

Which molecule does not occur naturally or biologically (i.e., is man-made)?

CFCs and HFCs

Photochemical smog

Car exhaust

Montreal Protocol

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Mesopause

Coldest part of atmosphere

Google Earth is a tool used commonly by geographers. Google Earth has several features that are useful in interpretation of the spherical map of Earth. In this week's activity, you used several features of Google Earth. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Google Earth?

Conic projection

Close to the ocean or a large lake

Cooler summers, warmer winters

Hottest location on Earth

Death Valley

Many energy pathways occur in the Earth system. Which of the following does not change shortwave radiation to longwave radiation (i.e., energy remains shortwave).

Diffusion, reflection, and scattering

Smart phones and devices that collect geospatial data

Enabled the geospatial revolution

Specific Heat

Energy required to raise temperature of an object or material

Location of subsolar point during September Equinox

Equator

The figure shown below is the "water" or "hydrologic" cycle from the USGS website that you visited earlier in the weekly activities. Imagine that you are a drop of water in the ocean, what path would you take in the water cycle. Select the correct sequence.

Evaporation, advection of water vapor, encounter a mountain, increase in elevation, colder temperature, condensation, precipitation, surface water, runoff, flows into the ocean.

Oxygen

Exists as diatomic and triatomic molecules in atmosphere,

Who uses geography in their jobs or daily lives?

Explorers, Emergency Managers, Military,Real estate developers

Methane (CH )

From decomposition of organic matter

To write about earth

Geography

Spherical Representation of Earth

Google Earth or a Globe

To save on aviation fuel, airlines schedule flight routes along the shortest distance between two points. The shortest distance between two international cities is along a _____________.

Great circle

Orographic lifting

Green windward slope

Thermosphere

High temperatures (up to 1200ºC) but not hot

How does monthly mean temperature for December 2019 that you calculated in the activity compare to the 30-year climatological average? In other words, was December 2019 abnormal compared to the 30-year average?

Higher (warmer) than the climatological average.

Advection

Horizontal convection

Interior of continents, far from water

Hot summers, very cold winters

Convergent lifting

ITCZ

In part two of the this week's activity, you explored the Gas Laws and conducted experiments in the Animated Gas Lab http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/Animation/frglab2.html. The Animated Gas Lab has four variables - Mass, Volume, Pressure, and Temperature. To run an experiment, you can "freeze" or hold constant two variables then observed what happen to the other two variables. You conducted several experiments and recorded your results. Your observations follow the Gas Laws. Pick the result below that IS NOT one you observed (i.e., does not obey the Gas Laws). The animation below is one of the experiments and will help you with this question

If mass and temperature are constant, pressure increases as volume increases

Which statement is not true of the exosphere?

It is where meteors burn up as they enter the atmosphere from space.

How would the temperature at the surface of Earth likely respond if there were more stratus clouds?

It would cool.

What would happen to Earth's radiative equilibrium temperature if Earth's albedo were lowered?

It would increase

Stratosphere

Joseph Kittinger jumped from a balloon in this part of the atmosphere

What month has the lowest range of temperature? The highest range?

July and November

Temperature inversions

Keeps pollution trap near Earth's surface

In this week's activity, you looked about the characteristics of deep ocean currents. Where do these waters descend from the surface to the deepest ocean?

Labrador Sea and Greenland Sea

Clean Air Act

Limits pollution released into atmosphere

Greenhouse effect

Longwave radiation back towards the Earth's surface

Direct heat loss

Longwave radiation from Earth surface

North Pole on June 21st

Midnight Sun

There is an air parcel at the Earth's surface and the temperature is 25 degrees Celsius with a relative humidity of 100%. As the air parcel rises in the atmosphere, what is the lapse rate for this air parcel?

Moist Adiabatic Lapse Rate (MAR)

Nitrogen gas (N )

Most abundant gas in atmosphere,

Argon gas (Ar)

Most abundant noble gas

Subsolar point

No shadow at Noon

The sky is blue because of __________.

Rayleigh scattering

__________ expresses humidity as a percent.

Relative humidity

Which of the following parts of the hydrological cycle occur exclusively on land?

Runoff, groundwater, and transpiration

Mild winters and cool summers

San Francisco

Hot summers and very cold winters

Siberia, Russia

GIS Geographical information systems

Software to generated maps on a computer

Aerosols

Soot, dust, sea salt, and pollen

Ozone layer

Stratosphere

Convectional lifting

Summer thunderstorms in Florida

Which two variables influences the flow of deep ocean currents?

Temperature and Salinity

Clouds

Temperature can increase at night, decrease during the day

Increase in altitude and elevation

Temperature decreases

Decrease in latitude

Temperature increases

Equator

The hottest temperatures

Referring to the variation in ocean salinity map, which statement describes ocean water salinity at high latitudes?

The salinity of ocean water is low near the surface and increases with depth.

What happens aer an object absorbs a photon of energy?

The temperature of the object increases

Which is not true about seagrass meadows?

They are restricted to the tropics.

Which statement is not true of most warm-water, reef-building corals?

They are tolerant of low salinity levels.

Location of subsolar point for Northern Hemisphere Summer Solstice

Tropic of Cancer

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch forms because of ocean gyres.

True

Which city has the lowest air pressure on average?

Ulan Bator, Mongolia—1,350 meters (4,429 feet

Global Positioning Satellites

Used for navigation

Maps

Used to measure distance between locations

Water (H O)

Variable amount (0% to 4.0%) by volume

Coldest location on Earth

Vostok

Referring to the map, which statement describes the temperature profile of ocean water for the tropics?

Water temperature is higher near the surface than at depth

Troposphere

Where weather occurs

Which is not found in the troposphere?

a permanent temperature inversion

When there is __________ it gets warmer as altitude increases

a temperature inversion

"One centimeter equals 5 kilometers" is an example of what kind of map scale?

a verbal scale

A GIS is what?

a way to display spatial data

The flat plains on the ocean floor are called __________.

abyssal plains

Advection fog forms when __________.

air moves over a cold surface like an ocean

A conditionally unstable atmosphere mainly occurs when __________.

an air parcel is unsaturated near the ground and saturated higher up

Which location has the lowest average annual temperature?

at a high latitude and high elevation

Where does the length of day remain the same throughout the year?

at the equator

__________ is a ring of coral reefs with an interior lagoon.

atoll

Which scenario would be most likely to make snow?

below-freezing temperatures from cloud to ground

Which sequence presents the process of collision and coalescence in the right order?

condensation nuclei—cloud droplets—collision and coalescence—raindrops

Which does not cause the continental effect?

condensation of water

When the environmental lapse rate is between the dry and moist adiabatic lapse rates conditions are described as _____.

conditionally unstable.

The shallow, sloping areas of seafloor near the continents are called __________.

continental shelves

In the this week's activity, you examined how pressure and temperature change with altitude in the atmosphere in the virtual balloon experiment (https://scied.ucar.edu/virtual-ballooning). In the experiment, you recorded the pressure and temperature as the balloon ascended to higher altitudes. As you traveled up into the atmosphere (increasing altitude), the pressure ________________.

decreases to low pressure

Referring to the map, what causes particulate matter to be high in the Sahara in northern Africa?

dust storms

The __________ divides Earth into two equal halves.

equator

Which will occur least when the relative humidity is 100 percent?

evaporation

Anthropogenic coastal dead zones are caused by _________

excessive use of fertilizers on farms far from the coast

When an air parcel rises it __________.

expands and cools

Acid rain

from nitrogen dioxide from car exhaust reacting with water

Which is likely to occur when the dew-point temperature is below freezing?

frost

The __________ is a coordinate system used to identify locations on Earth's surface.

geographic grid

The __________ is the result of heating inequalities across latitudes.

global heat engine

A __________ is the shortest distance between two points on the globe.

great circle route

Without __________ Earth's atmosphere would not have a natural greenhouse effect.

greenhouse gases

A __________ is mostly enclosed by land like a bay, but it is much larger.

gulf

The large circular ocean currents in the ocean basins are called __________.

gyres

The heat-index temperature is caused by __________.

humidity

Water molecules attach to each other through __________.

hydrogen bonding

Atmospheric humidity is measured with a __________.

hygrometer

Where in the United States are dew-point temperatures typically highest?

in the southeast

The continental effect __________ the annual temperature range.

increases

The principle controls and influences of temperature patterns include

latitude, altitude, land-water heating differences, cloud cover, ocean currents, and surface conditions

In rising air parcels, clouds form at the __________.

lifting condensation level

Which is not one of the characteristics of estuaries?

low primary productivity

Submarine mountain ranges are called __________.

mid-ocean ridges

Which is not given in the metric system?

mile

At high latitudes, Earth radiates __________ energy than it absorbs.

more

Earth's oceans possess ____.

ninety-seven percent of Earth's waters

Which of the following is not true about upwelling?

occurs along eastern coast of continents

Most of the precipitation and evaporation on Earth takes place over the _____.

oceans.

Which is not a greenhouse gas?

oxygen

According to the figure, chlorine atoms change ozone molecules to what?

oxygen molecules and oxygen atoms

Which is a main characteristic of the stratosphere?

permanent temperature inversion

After the oceans, __________ is/are the most important source of water vapor to the atmosphere.

plants

Earth's North Pole points to __________.

polaris

The 0 degree meridian is also called the __________.

prime meridian

Which scenario would be most likely to make freezing rain?

rain falling through a shallow layer of below-freezing air near the ground

Which color has the longest photon wavelength?

red

Which condition is not among the human health problems caused by exposure to increased levels of ultraviolet radiation?

respiratory problem

Hotter objects emit __________ than relatively cooler objects.

shorter wavelength at a faster rate

If the Sun stopped shining, the global heat engine would __________.

shut down

The timing of the solar wind coincides with the timing of __________.

solar flare activity

Which process does not happen in the hydrologic cycle?

sublimation from plants

The __________ are found between 23.5 degrees and 35 degrees north and south.

subtropics

Hydrogen bonding results from the fact that ______.

the hydrogen end of a water molecule is positively charged and the oxygen end is negatively charged.

Clouds in the troposphere end at the tropopause because __________.

the stratosphere is too warm

Physical geography is mainly concerned with __________.

the study of Earth's living and nonliving physical systems

Finish this sentence: On the surface of this glass of water __________.

there is net condensation

Which describes insolation traveling through Earth's atmosphere?

transmission

Which wavelength causes sunburns?

ultraviolet

A way of describing humidity in millibars is termed ________.

vapor pressure

Which is a natural source of carbon dioxide?

volcanic activity

The collision and coalescence process occurs in __________ clouds.

warm