Geography US & Canada Exam 1
Approximately what percentage of northern New England land is used for farming today?
10%
Native Americans settled the continent at least
12,000year ago
On average, what percentage of Americans change residences in any given year?
20%
Higher elevations are cooler that lower elevations by
6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer, 3.5 degrees Fahrenheit per 1000 ft
The percentage of direct investment to Canada from the United States in 2006 was about:
61%
About what percentage of the American population resides in an urban area?
75-79%
The percentage of Canadians living within 150 kilometers (95 miles) of their southern border is approximately:
90%
The characteristics of the Interior Lowland region have influenced the economic and settlement history of the United States because
A large portion of this region has vast agricultural potential
A nodal region is characterized by
A set of places connected by the same function purpose
Three of the more productive soils ar
Alfisols, utlisols, mollisols
The Interior Lowland is bound on the east by the
Appalachian
The Annapolis Valley is known to be Canada's center for production of
Apples
Places that experience greater seasonal temperature extremes
Are being affected by continentality
Four extensive but generally unproductive soils are
Aridisols, Spodosols, tundra soils, highland soils
It is evident that manufacturing is an important economic activity in the United States through:
Articles of clothing, Items of preserved food, Residential structures, Means of transport and communication
What major Manufacturing Core city changed to manufacturing electronic components and machinery?
Boston
Which group led to arrival of Europeans in Ontario?
British Loyalist forced out of the United States after the Revolution.
In general terms, the topography of North America consists of
Broad lowland plains, East coast mountainous zones, West coast mountainous zones
Examples of cities located near naturally navigable waters are:
Chicago, Milwaukee and Buffalo, Toronto, Cleveland and Philadelphia, New Orleans, Memphis and Montreal, Miami, Mobile, San Diego
Which was NOT a staple of the early economy in Canada?
Coal
Soils properties include
Color and Tecture
Urban forms are manifested by
Dense patterns of streets and buildings, Industrial centers, Retail clusters and wholesale clusters, Governmental complexes
The Manufacturing Core rose to prominence:
During the 1870s
North America's ethnic mosaic was a result of
Economic opportunity
Which of the following are the offshore banks along the coasts of the Bypassed East best known for?
Excellent fishing
Since a variety of activities are carried on in a city, interaction is stimulated between or within zones of the same _________
Function
Which of the following is the Bypassed East's largest city?
Halifax and Nova Scotia
Which of the following is NOT true about John Borchert?
His model for metropolitan growth was called the concentric zone model
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, cheap transportation was of critical importance to those moving iron ore to the coal fields in:
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia
Borchert's Third Epoch was stimulated by the development of steel, which replaced
Iron rails
Which statement is TRUE about location of the Canadian National core?
It is located at the far east of the center of the country
A city's site relates to
Its soil characteristics, Its terrain, Its topography, Its access to water transportation
Which of the following regions is a major milk shed?
Lake Champlain Lowlands
In which of the following states is forestry a key industry?
Maine
Which state accounts for over 70% of the United States lobster catch?
Maine
Which of the following is NOT true about the precipitation of the Canadian Core?
Mean annual rainfall is more than 40 inches.
New York City, Boston, and Washington D.C. are in this region.
Megalopolis
Many petroleum deposits are found in conjunction with
Natural Gas
Which statement is TRUE about the separatist referendum of Quebec?
Nearly half of Quebec does not want to succeed
Which of the following states is considered completely metropolitan?
New Jersey
European immigrants generally passed through what large Megalopolitan port?
New York
The Erie Canal was constructed in ________ to permit freight to bypass Lake Ontario:
New York
Which Manufacturing Core city developed an extremely diversified industrial mix
New york
The Manufacturing Core of the United States includes all of the following areas EXCEPT:
Northern New England
The territory created by the Canadian government in 1999 to settle Inuit land claims is known as:
Nunavut
The New York metropolitan economy has become dominated by what kind of industries?
Office
The climate of the Bypassed East can generally be described as the following:
Often cold and damp
Within the interior core, the _________River crosses the interior plains for hundreds of kilometers before joining the ___________ River.
Ohio, Mississippi
Site and situation are clues to the __________ of the Megalopolis
Origins and growth
Which of the following best describes the "rang" system?
Parceling of land to settlers in parts of Quebec and Ontario
Which two cities are so different in industrial inheritance and urban character but now show indications they may be becoming more alike?
Philadelphia and Baltimore
What crop is The Aroostook Valley of Maine and New Brunswick know for producing
Potatoes
As of 2001, 90% of Canadians speak French in?
Quebec
This Canadian province tried to secede from Canada?
Quebec
Broad geographical areas of distinctive character are called
Regions
Which of the following is NOT correct
Regions are primarily physical constructs
Which type of rock is NOT a major component of the Canadian Shield?
Sedimentary
The type of rock that forms when small solid particles settle gradually in stationary or almost stationary water and are compressed over a long period of time is known as:
Sedimentary rock
All of these are defining characteristic of the Canadian Core EXCEPT?
Several large multi-nodal urban-industrial cities.
Metallic minerals are MOST often found where this type of rock occur
Metamorphic
When the internal structure of previously formed rocks is changed through tremendous pressure and heat:
Metamorphic rock is formed
The spread of urban population far beyond city limits also had a strong impact on rural activities in Megalopolis such as
greater number of people having to be fed by foodstuffs shipped in from rural areas, Tens of millions of people in urban Megalopolis began consuming agricultural products from across America and beyond, Table crops such as tomatoes, lettuce and apples came to dominate farm production in sections of rural Megalopolis, The production of dairy products increased
An increasing number of urbanites have minimized some disadvantages of city living by moving their residences to _________locations
Suburban
The physiographic region MOST affected by glaciation is
The Canadian Shield
In North America the primary deposits of metallic ores are located in
The Canadian Shield, Portions of the Appalachian Highlands, The eastern Piedmont of the Appalachian Highlands, Sections of the Western mountains.
What is generally true about the population and economics of Canada?
The Canadian core contains the majority of the population and most of the economic activities
According to the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies, in 2000 the most dominant religion at the county level in the United States is:
The Catholic Church
The Manufacturing Core region of the US is bordered by or overlaps all of the following EXCEPT:
The Mississippi River
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the relative location of the Manufacturing Core?
The Mississippi River formed a barrier to east-west transportation
North American's manufacturing hearth is:
The Pittsburgh steel cities region
The physiography of the West is characterized by:
The Rocky Mountains, The Pacific coastland's mountains and valleys, A series of high, heavily disseced plateaus west of the Rockies, North- South trending mountains
America's broad interior plains are nearly enclosed by zones of metallic minerals found mostly in all of the following EXCEPT:
The Sierras
In the United States, the Baptist religion is MOST prevalent in
The South
Which canal was built to bypass Niagara Falls?
The Wellands
The growth of the region was reflected in the gradual shift of transportation concentration as railroad lines began to spread across:
The interior Plains
In terms of quality harbors, what makes Megalopolis different from other cities such as San Francisco, Seattle, and Mobile?
The location of the harbors and their proximity to one another.
The Great Lakes connect:
The mineral-rich Canadian Shield and the fuel-rich Interior Plains
Bochert's Second Epoch was triggered by the development of:
The railway
Much of the basis for the location of the industrial capacity that developed along the southern margins of the Great Lakes can be attributed to
Their function as a natural accessibility resource
What occurs wherever rivers flow off the Piedmont?
series of rapids form, A series of small waterfalls are formed along a line tracing the physiographic boundary, A boundary known as the fall line is formed, A source of water power is created
. Nonbasic economic activities are:
Those industries that recirculate money through the local economy.
The primary geographic influences on climate are:
Topography and Latitude
This City has the largest population in Canada?
Toronto
What regional resources attracted the early settlers to the Bypassed East?
Trees and fish
The Great Lakes are interconnected with only _____significant changes of elevation:
Two
All of the following are differences between rural and urban environments EXCEPT
Urban areas possess less intense and complex spatial organization
In the early twentieth century, migration within the United States moved towards:
Urban areas where new industries were located.
A main reason for regional specialization in manufacturing in the United States is:
Variations in the availability of industrial raw materials.
Which city was no longer large enough to absorb the burgeoning civil service population and the growing number of people needed to feed, clothe, and otherwise serve that population?
Washington DC
Which fall line city is unique in that its growth has followed directly from expansion of the national government structure
Washington DC
Which of the following was NOT one of the Manufacturing Core cities based on commerce and the financial exchanges it stimulated?
Washington DC
Borchert identified the Sail-Wagon Epoch as when almost all cities and towns were associated with:
Water transportation
What tree dominated the New England forests?
White pine
Which one of the following is NOT one of the significant aspects of the Megalopolis
A common mix of economic qualities
The linear population distribution along Canada's southern border is partially a result of
Canadian policies using settlement as insurance against United States expansion
Which of the following is TRUE about agriculture in the Canadian Shield?
Poor soil and harsh climate restricted productive farming.
Which of the following helped solidify the Canadian core as the focus of Canada's transportation network?
Strong economic trade connections to Europe
The most important components of climate are
Temperature and precipitation
The most important coal deposits in the United States are in
The Appalachian field
The Mississippi River does all of the following EXCEPT
all of the above are correct
