Geography US & Canada Exam 1

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Approximately what percentage of northern New England land is used for farming today?

10%

Native Americans settled the continent at least

12,000year ago

On average, what percentage of Americans change residences in any given year?

20%

Higher elevations are cooler that lower elevations by

6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer, 3.5 degrees Fahrenheit per 1000 ft

The percentage of direct investment to Canada from the United States in 2006 was about:

61%

About what percentage of the American population resides in an urban area?

75-79%

The percentage of Canadians living within 150 kilometers (95 miles) of their southern border is approximately:

90%

The characteristics of the Interior Lowland region have influenced the economic and settlement history of the United States because

A large portion of this region has vast agricultural potential

A nodal region is characterized by

A set of places connected by the same function purpose

Three of the more productive soils ar

Alfisols, utlisols, mollisols

The Interior Lowland is bound on the east by the

Appalachian

The Annapolis Valley is known to be Canada's center for production of

Apples

Places that experience greater seasonal temperature extremes

Are being affected by continentality

Four extensive but generally unproductive soils are

Aridisols, Spodosols, tundra soils, highland soils

It is evident that manufacturing is an important economic activity in the United States through:

Articles of clothing, Items of preserved food, Residential structures, Means of transport and communication

What major Manufacturing Core city changed to manufacturing electronic components and machinery?

Boston

Which group led to arrival of Europeans in Ontario?

British Loyalist forced out of the United States after the Revolution.

In general terms, the topography of North America consists of

Broad lowland plains, East coast mountainous zones, West coast mountainous zones

Examples of cities located near naturally navigable waters are:

Chicago, Milwaukee and Buffalo, Toronto, Cleveland and Philadelphia, New Orleans, Memphis and Montreal, Miami, Mobile, San Diego

Which was NOT a staple of the early economy in Canada?

Coal

Soils properties include

Color and Tecture

Urban forms are manifested by

Dense patterns of streets and buildings, Industrial centers, Retail clusters and wholesale clusters, Governmental complexes

The Manufacturing Core rose to prominence:

During the 1870s

North America's ethnic mosaic was a result of

Economic opportunity

Which of the following are the offshore banks along the coasts of the Bypassed East best known for?

Excellent fishing

Since a variety of activities are carried on in a city, interaction is stimulated between or within zones of the same _________

Function

Which of the following is the Bypassed East's largest city?

Halifax and Nova Scotia

Which of the following is NOT true about John Borchert?

His model for metropolitan growth was called the concentric zone model

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, cheap transportation was of critical importance to those moving iron ore to the coal fields in:

Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia

Borchert's Third Epoch was stimulated by the development of steel, which replaced

Iron rails

Which statement is TRUE about location of the Canadian National core?

It is located at the far east of the center of the country

A city's site relates to

Its soil characteristics, Its terrain, Its topography, Its access to water transportation

Which of the following regions is a major milk shed?

Lake Champlain Lowlands

In which of the following states is forestry a key industry?

Maine

Which state accounts for over 70% of the United States lobster catch?

Maine

Which of the following is NOT true about the precipitation of the Canadian Core?

Mean annual rainfall is more than 40 inches.

New York City, Boston, and Washington D.C. are in this region.

Megalopolis

Many petroleum deposits are found in conjunction with

Natural Gas

Which statement is TRUE about the separatist referendum of Quebec?

Nearly half of Quebec does not want to succeed

Which of the following states is considered completely metropolitan?

New Jersey

European immigrants generally passed through what large Megalopolitan port?

New York

The Erie Canal was constructed in ________ to permit freight to bypass Lake Ontario:

New York

Which Manufacturing Core city developed an extremely diversified industrial mix

New york

The Manufacturing Core of the United States includes all of the following areas EXCEPT:

Northern New England

The territory created by the Canadian government in 1999 to settle Inuit land claims is known as:

Nunavut

The New York metropolitan economy has become dominated by what kind of industries?

Office

The climate of the Bypassed East can generally be described as the following:

Often cold and damp

Within the interior core, the _________River crosses the interior plains for hundreds of kilometers before joining the ___________ River.

Ohio, Mississippi

Site and situation are clues to the __________ of the Megalopolis

Origins and growth

Which of the following best describes the "rang" system?

Parceling of land to settlers in parts of Quebec and Ontario

Which two cities are so different in industrial inheritance and urban character but now show indications they may be becoming more alike?

Philadelphia and Baltimore

What crop is The Aroostook Valley of Maine and New Brunswick know for producing

Potatoes

As of 2001, 90% of Canadians speak French in?

Quebec

This Canadian province tried to secede from Canada?

Quebec

Broad geographical areas of distinctive character are called

Regions

Which of the following is NOT correct

Regions are primarily physical constructs

Which type of rock is NOT a major component of the Canadian Shield?

Sedimentary

The type of rock that forms when small solid particles settle gradually in stationary or almost stationary water and are compressed over a long period of time is known as:

Sedimentary rock

All of these are defining characteristic of the Canadian Core EXCEPT?

Several large multi-nodal urban-industrial cities.

Metallic minerals are MOST often found where this type of rock occur

Metamorphic

When the internal structure of previously formed rocks is changed through tremendous pressure and heat:

Metamorphic rock is formed

The spread of urban population far beyond city limits also had a strong impact on rural activities in Megalopolis such as

greater number of people having to be fed by foodstuffs shipped in from rural areas, Tens of millions of people in urban Megalopolis began consuming agricultural products from across America and beyond, Table crops such as tomatoes, lettuce and apples came to dominate farm production in sections of rural Megalopolis, The production of dairy products increased

An increasing number of urbanites have minimized some disadvantages of city living by moving their residences to _________locations

Suburban

The physiographic region MOST affected by glaciation is

The Canadian Shield

In North America the primary deposits of metallic ores are located in

The Canadian Shield, Portions of the Appalachian Highlands, The eastern Piedmont of the Appalachian Highlands, Sections of the Western mountains.

What is generally true about the population and economics of Canada?

The Canadian core contains the majority of the population and most of the economic activities

According to the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies, in 2000 the most dominant religion at the county level in the United States is:

The Catholic Church

The Manufacturing Core region of the US is bordered by or overlaps all of the following EXCEPT:

The Mississippi River

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the relative location of the Manufacturing Core?

The Mississippi River formed a barrier to east-west transportation

North American's manufacturing hearth is:

The Pittsburgh steel cities region

The physiography of the West is characterized by:

The Rocky Mountains, The Pacific coastland's mountains and valleys, A series of high, heavily disseced plateaus west of the Rockies, North- South trending mountains

America's broad interior plains are nearly enclosed by zones of metallic minerals found mostly in all of the following EXCEPT:

The Sierras

In the United States, the Baptist religion is MOST prevalent in

The South

Which canal was built to bypass Niagara Falls?

The Wellands

The growth of the region was reflected in the gradual shift of transportation concentration as railroad lines began to spread across:

The interior Plains

In terms of quality harbors, what makes Megalopolis different from other cities such as San Francisco, Seattle, and Mobile?

The location of the harbors and their proximity to one another.

The Great Lakes connect:

The mineral-rich Canadian Shield and the fuel-rich Interior Plains

Bochert's Second Epoch was triggered by the development of:

The railway

Much of the basis for the location of the industrial capacity that developed along the southern margins of the Great Lakes can be attributed to

Their function as a natural accessibility resource

What occurs wherever rivers flow off the Piedmont?

series of rapids form, A series of small waterfalls are formed along a line tracing the physiographic boundary, A boundary known as the fall line is formed, A source of water power is created

. Nonbasic economic activities are:

Those industries that recirculate money through the local economy.

The primary geographic influences on climate are:

Topography and Latitude

This City has the largest population in Canada?

Toronto

What regional resources attracted the early settlers to the Bypassed East?

Trees and fish

The Great Lakes are interconnected with only _____significant changes of elevation:

Two

All of the following are differences between rural and urban environments EXCEPT

Urban areas possess less intense and complex spatial organization

In the early twentieth century, migration within the United States moved towards:

Urban areas where new industries were located.

A main reason for regional specialization in manufacturing in the United States is:

Variations in the availability of industrial raw materials.

Which city was no longer large enough to absorb the burgeoning civil service population and the growing number of people needed to feed, clothe, and otherwise serve that population?

Washington DC

Which fall line city is unique in that its growth has followed directly from expansion of the national government structure

Washington DC

Which of the following was NOT one of the Manufacturing Core cities based on commerce and the financial exchanges it stimulated?

Washington DC

Borchert identified the Sail-Wagon Epoch as when almost all cities and towns were associated with:

Water transportation

What tree dominated the New England forests?

White pine

Which one of the following is NOT one of the significant aspects of the Megalopolis

A common mix of economic qualities

The linear population distribution along Canada's southern border is partially a result of

Canadian policies using settlement as insurance against United States expansion

Which of the following is TRUE about agriculture in the Canadian Shield?

Poor soil and harsh climate restricted productive farming.

Which of the following helped solidify the Canadian core as the focus of Canada's transportation network?

Strong economic trade connections to Europe

The most important components of climate are

Temperature and precipitation

The most important coal deposits in the United States are in

The Appalachian field

The Mississippi River does all of the following EXCEPT

all of the above are correct


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