global connections EXAM 1

Most countries in eastern Europe did not experience industrialization until the 1900s, under Soviet leadership. T/F

True

NGOs may be funded by private donations or receive grants from government agencies. T/F

True

Since 1922, Ireland's first official language has been Irish. T/F

True

The European Union (EU) began in 1951 as an economic community for the free trade of steel and coal. T/F

True

Perceptual regions are similar to the concept of what? Option A: Identity Option B: Globalism Option C: Diffusion Option D: Interaction

Option A: Identity

During the Age of Exploration (the 1400s to the 1900s), the Mediterranean region was the focal point for global trade and cultural exchange. T/F

False

In eastern Europe, fertility rates increased greatly after the Soviet Union dissolved. T/F

False

Modern colonialism was different from preceding colonialism because the focus was specifically on gaining tribute, not territory. T/F

False

What is the general term for the process of change in the composition of an economy of a particular region and the well-being of its inhabitants relative to other areas? Option A: Development Option B: Production Option C: Accumulation Option D: Globalization

Option A: Development

Most Europeans speak a language that is part of the Greco-Roman language family. T/F

False

Nearly 45% of the Netherlands is below sea level. T/F

False

The largest global investment bank in the world is in Switzerland because of the country's bank secrecy laws. T/F

False

The main function of the World Trade Organization is to monitor national policies that influence exchange rates and balance of payments. T/F

False

Vulnerability to climate change is solely determined by a population's locale. T/F

False

Which term describes the situation in which one area develops at the expense of another? Option A: Dualism Option B: Modern development Option C: Discrepancy Option D: Determinism

Option A: Dualism

Which term describes the idea that manufactured goods need to be produced at home rather than imported from the core countries? Option A: Import substitution Option B: National production Option C: Environmental determinism Option D: Modern development

Option A: Import substitution

Which of the following terms describes an area of Earth with a degree of similarity that differentiates it from surrounding areas? Option A: Region Option B: Place Option C: Location Option D: Environment

Option A: Region

Which of the following is a method of collecting data by using instruments that are far from the field of study? Option A: Remote sensing Option B: Geographic information systems Option C: Sensor analysis Option D: Informational models

Option A: Remote sensing

Which of these descriptions defines the term "gross national product" (GNP)? Option A: The total domestic and foreign value added claimed by residents Option B: The total value of goods and services produced plus foreign value added claimed by residents Option C: The total foreign valued added claimed by residents Option D: The total value of goods and services produced within a country

Option A: The total domestic and foreign value added claimed by residents

A coffee farmer in Colombia receives very little for his crop, but his product is sold in a store down the street for much more per pound that what he was paid. What is this an example of? Option A: Unequal exchange Option B: Dependency Option C: World systems chain Option D: Commodity chain

Option A: Unequal exchange

Which of the following is considered a problem with international development programs? Option A: Unintended consequences Option B: Too much foreign aid contributions Option C: Aid going to countries most in need of assistance Option D: Donors requiring goods in exchange

Option A: Unintended consequences

Which of the following is studied by human geographers? Option A: Landforms Option B: Culture Option C: Weather Option D: Natural Hazards

Option B: Culture

Which term describes an area of land distinguished by either cultural or physical criteria? Option A: Functional region Option B: Perceptual region Option C: Formal region Option D: Spatial region

Option C: Formal region

A development program such as building a community garden is implemented at what type of scale? Option A: Global Option B: Cross-cultural Option C: Local Option D: National

Option C: Local

What do geographers use to describe both the relationship between the distance on a map and the distance on Earth, and the extent of a study? Option A: Context Option B: Function Option C: Scale Option D: Concept

Option C: Scale

What is the name for the process that shows how different people who lived in a place over time each made their own imprint? Option A: Remote sensing Option B: Historical layering Option C: Sequent Occupance Option D: Absolute location

Option C: Sequent Occupance

what point in time did geographers begin to view the theory of environmental determinism as deeply flawed? Option A: The 1920s Option B: The 1970s Option C: The 1940s Option D: The 1960s

Option C: The 1940s

Until the 1970s most development assistance was focused on improving the welfare of Option A: leaderless populations. Option B: trade-based societies. Option C: a generic population. Option D: female-dominated societies.

Option C: a generic population.

Which of the following was a precursor to fair trade? Option A: Sustainable development Option B: Trade certification Option C: Equal compensation Option D: Consumer boycotts

Option D: Consumer boycotts

What can geographers see by examining the physical landscape? Option A: How culture has been affected Option B: How people have moved between locations Option C: The human footprint on the landscape Option D: How processes have shaped it

Option D: How processes have shaped it

What is the name of the technique that reveals indigenous knowledge of resources and relationships? Option A: Native cartography Option B: Development knowledge Option C: Cognitive memory Option D: Mental maps

Option D: Mental maps

In the study of geography, which of the following terms refers to the uniqueness of a location? Option A: Environment Option B: Space Option C: Physicality Option D: Place

Option D: Place

What limits the patterns we see in maps? Option A: Region Option B: Boundaries Option C: Data Option D: Scale

Option D: Scale

Which of the following is a new region that resulted from globalization? Option A: Sub-saharan Africa Option B: Southeast Asia Option C: Western Europe Option D: The Pacific Rim

Option D: The Pacific Rim

What is one reason the United Nations divides the world into regions? Option A: To keep populations from going to war Option B: To keep large continents from dividing Option C: To determine precipitation patterns Option D: To report statistics

Option D: To report statistics

What is considered a negative aspect of international development? Option A: Communities not identifying problems Option B: Donors requiring goods in exchange Option C: Too much foreign aid assistance Option D: Unintended consquences

Option D: Unintended consquences

The general theory that suggests that the European industrial economy was the ideal or pinnacle stage of development is often referred to as Option A: functionalism. Option B: structuralism. Option C: determinism. Option D: modernization.

Option D: modernization.

Americans feel they cannot survive without cheap oil and thus the United States now has the highest level of per capita energy consumption in the world. T/F

True

An example of glocalization is McDonald's adaptation to local customs, such as serving lamb in the Middle East. T/F

True

Because climate change is predicted to be so significant, some scholars have given the current era its own name: the anthropocene era. T/F

True

Christianity diffused from southwest Asia into eastern Europe and then into the west around the Mediterranean Sea. T/F

True

Europe is warmer than we would expect for its latitude due to its location on the Atlantic Ocean and the North Atlantic Drift ocean current. T/F

True

The cheapest way to transport heavy goods is by sea, so a country's access to a seaport is critical to its success in the global economy. T/F

True

The relationship a company has with its suppliers is known as a backward linkage. T/F

True

The reunification treaty between East Germany and West Germany required that public land in East Germany be returned to its pre-World War II land owners. T/F

True

Under communism, housing in Prague was rent controlled and price controlled, which removed segregation among populations in the city. T/F

True

Venice, which once had 170,000 people, now has only 50,000 permanent residents. T/F

True

Weak globalization sees globalization as a long-standing process, dating back to times of trading in the 1500s. T/F

True

"Double exposure" refers to the simultaneous processes of economic and cultural change in a community. T/F

false