GML Chap 11
In 1839, fifty-three slaves took control of this ship in an attempt to reroute to Africa
Amistad
Blacks, free and slave, took part in the Great Awakening of the colonial era, and even more were swept into these southern religions during religious revivals into the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries
Baptist and Methodist
The most influential African-American of the nineteenth century and the nation's leading advocate of racial equality was
Frederick Douglass
Whose name is most often associated with the Underground Railroad
Harriet Tubman
What happened to the 135 enslaved persons who, in 1841, seized the ship, the Creole, and sailed to Nassau in search of freedom
They were given refuge in the British Caribbean
Which is not part of the generally accepted account of the 1822 conspiracy led by Denmark Vesey
Vesey and his followers killed or maimed 37 whites
As acts of self-empowerment, enslaved individuals often
broke tools
By 1860, more than half of the United States' exports were in
cotton
During the early to mid-1800s, sugar produced in the slave South was America's leading export
false
In the fifty years following the end of the international slave trade in 1808, the number of slaves in the United States fell by 50 percent
false
Slaves knew little of Christianity or the Bible, and slave masters usually withheld access to religion from their enslaved labor
false
The Underground Railroad ran on steel tracks (after its iron ones were replaced) that were generally hidden in forest growth
false
The laws of almost all southern states recognized the legality of slave marriages
false
"Slave patrols" were
farmers who kept a lookout for runaway slaves
Nat Turner
led an 1831 slave uprising in Virginia, killing about sixty whites
In American slave culture, jumping over a broomstick was associated with which of the following acts
marriage
By the eve of the Civil War, free blacks in the South were allowed to own
property
What was the result of the Missouri court case involving the "crime" of Celia
she was sentenced to death
In 1860, the largest economic investment in the United States was in
slaves
Compared to Brazil and the West Indies, where revolts involved hundreds or even thousands of slaves, revolts in the United States were
smaller and less frequent
Labor on rice plantations in South Carolina and Georgia was generally done by
task labor
John C. Calhoun of South Carolina considered "the most false and dangerous of all political errors" was
that all men are created equal and entitled to liberty
The "peculiar institution" of the South was
the issue of slavery
Paternalism meant
the master was the head of system, including providing his slaves with protection and the right of care and attention in their sicknesses
The Second Middle Passage was
the slave trade from the older states to the Lower South
Perhaps the most powerful disciplinary weapon slaveholders possessed was
the threat of sale
After a brief period of apprenticeship, the end of slavery in Britain came on August 1, 1838
true
By 1850, most slave-owning families owned five or fewer slaves
true
By 1860, the economic investment represented by the slave population exceeded the value of the nation's factories, railroads, and banks combined
true
By 1860, three of four white families owned no slaves
true
By the mid-nineteenth century, all states had made it illegal to kill a slave except in self-defense
true
Cotton was the major agricultural crop of the South and, indeed, the nation, but slaves also grew rice, sugarcane, tobacco, and hemp
true
For slaves, slavery meant constant fear that their families might be destroyed by sale, incessant toil, and brutal punishment
true
In 1860, the South as a whole produced less than 10 percent of the nation's manufactured goods
true
In the midst of the American antebellum era, the British Parliament launched a program for abolishing slavery throughout the British Empire in 1831
true
Slaveowners had many ways to enforce discipline among their slaves - from physical punishment, to material incentives, to the threat of sale
true
Slavery for blacks, the South declared, was the surest guarantee of "perfect equality" among whites, as they liberated them from the "low, menial" jobs like factory labor and domestic service performed by wage laborers in the North.
true
Slaves had many ways to "quietly" resist the power of the slave owners - from feigning illness, to wrecking tools, to performing inadequate labor
true
The prevalence of plantation slavery kept the South from matching northern rates of immigration, industrial development, and urban growth
true
In the mid 1800s, few plantations had dedicated buildings for slave worship so most slaves
worshipped in secret or in biracial churches with white ministers