GML Chapter 16

Which of the following was not true of the second industrial revolution? a. A boom in automobile manufacture spurred the rise of oil, rubber, and steel production. b. More than any other sector, the railroad was the engine of the industrialization. c. Some companies rose to dominance by operating at a loss and underselling their rivals. d. Some companies beat out the competition by taking over more stages of production and distribution.

a. A boom in automobile manufacture spurred the rise of oil, rubber, and steel production.

The politics of Gilded Age America was said to be: a. A time of dishonesty and corruption in which corporations battled each other for special consideration by local state and federal governments. b. an era of golden opportunity for migrants, immigrants, and Native Americans. c. a glittering Jazz age and time for youthful rebellion. d. a golden age, like that of the period of the American founding, in the late 18th century.

a. A time of dishonesty and corruption in which corporations battled each other for special consideration by local state and federal governments.

Which of the following was not a key episode of the "great upheaval" of 1886? a. America's first nationwide railroad strike b. the Haymarket Affair c. Henry George's New York mayoral campaign d. nationwide demonstrations for an eight-hour day

a. America's first nationwide railroad strike

Which of the following was John D. Rockefeller's company? a. Standard Oil Company b. Triangle Shirtwaist Company c. Union Pacific Railroad d. U.S. Steel

a. Standard Oil Company

The poem by Emma Lazarus including "huddled masses yearning to breathe free" is located on which American landmark? a. Statue of Liberty b. Old Faithful c. White House d. The Capitol

a. Statue of Liberty

In the era from 1870 to 1890, the label "the Gilded Age" originally derived from a. a derogatory name from literature meaning covered with gold but what lies beneath is of little value. b. Native Americans who were creating new products. c. The previous Gilded Age in the early 1700s. d. a man named John Gilded who founded the movement.

a. a derogatory name from literature meaning covered with gold but what lies beneath is of little value.

The United States underwent one of the most rapid and profound economic revolutions any country has ever experienced. Which of the following is a major factor? a. abundant natural resources b. trade c. airplanes d. oil and gas

a. abundant natural resources

According to Eric Foner, the federal government contributed to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century by a. granting land to railroads, removing Indians from desirable lands in the West, and enacting high tariffs. b. enacting federal child labor laws, minimum wage laws, and maximum power laws. c. banning segregation in federal buildings, and offering free education to freemen. d. ratifying the equal rights amendment act, and guaranteeing women the right to vote.

a. granting land to railroads, removing Indians from desirable lands in the West, and enacting high tariffs.

In which industry did Andrew Carnegie make his fortune? a. steel b. oil c. automotive d. paper

a. steel

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the years from 1873 to 1897 were known as: a. the Great Depression. b. the Jazz Age. c. the Age of Jackson. d. Reconstruction.

a. the Great Depression.

The spirit of innovation contributed to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century. Which of the following was not an innovation of the 1870s and 1880s? a. the airplane b. typewriter c. telephone d. hand-held camera

a. the airplane

The new agricultural empire producing wheat and corn for national and international markets arose on the a. Eastern Border b. Middle Border c. Western Border d. Northern Border

b. Middle Border

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence? a. Dawes Act; Wounded Knee massacre; Ghost Dance campaign; battle of Little Big Horn b. Munn v. Illinois; Wabash v. Illinois; Interstate Commerce Act; Lochner v. New York c. founding of Knights of Labor; Haymarket Affair; Great Railroad Strike of 1877; close of Reconstruction d. Sherman Antitrust Act; Interstate Commerce Act; Civil Service Act; Panic of 1873

b. Munn v. Illinois; Wabash v. Illinois; Interstate Commerce Act; Lochner v. New York

Which of the following was not a theme of Social Darwinism? a. Charles Darwin's scientific theories help to explain--and justify--class inequalities in industrial society. b. The growing gulf between the haves and the have-nots poses a dire threat to American freedom. c. By and large, the poor have only themselves to blame for their misfortune. d. Government initiatives to ease the hardships of the poor are misguided.

b. The growing gulf between the haves and the have-nots poses a dire threat to American freedom.

Two of the Gilded Age's leading business figures were a. Henry George and Thomas A. Edison. b. Thomas A. Scott and Andrew Carnegie. c. Henry Demarest Lloyd and John D. Rockefeller. d. Terence V. Powderly and William Graham Sumner.

b. Thomas A. Scott and Andrew Carnegie.

Which of the following best describes the "Ghost Dance"? a. a dance with spirits b. a pan-Indian movement which involved singing, dancing, and religious observances believed to be reminiscent of earlier prophets c. a dance among settlers that began in the early 16th century d. a dance designed to remind Indians of their deceased relatives

b. a pan-Indian movement which involved singing, dancing, and religious observances believed to be reminiscent of earlier prophets

William "Buffalo Bill" Cody was a. a self made millionaire who made his money on stocks b. an entertainer who had a traveling show showcasing reenactments of battles with Indians. c. a collector of Indian artifacts d. a wealthy rancher in the new West

b. an entertainer who had a traveling show showcasing reenactments of battles with Indians.

The Bureau of Indian Affairs established boarding schools for the purpose of a. Giving Indian children a better education. b. removing Indian children from their parents and tribes and assimilating them into "white ways." c. Giving Indian children a sense of independence d. Segregating Indian and White children.

b. removing Indian children from their parents and tribes and assimilating them into "white ways."

What was the name of the organization that sought to organize both skilled and unskilled workers, women as well as men, blacks along with whites, and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886? a. the Workingman's Union b. the Knights of Labor c. the American Federation of Labor d. the Congress of Industrial Organizations

b. the Knights of Labor

In 1890, the distribution of wealth in the United States was a. about equally distributed. b. the top 1% of Americans owned more property than the remaining 99% c. unknown, as data on wealth was not then collected d. equal.

b. the top 1% of Americans owned more property than the remaining 99%

The phrase that best captures the vision of the Knights of Labor is a. "Survival of the fittest." b. "Liberty of contract." c. "Cooperative commonwealth." d. "Laissez-faire."

c. "Cooperative commonwealth"

Which census revealed for the first time that there were more non-farming jobs than farming jobs in the United States? a. 1860 b. 1870 c. 1880 d. 1900

c. 1880

Between 1870 and 1920, how many immigrants arrived from overseas? a. 11 million b. one million c. 25 million d. 65 million

c. 25 million

What Indian chief said, "If the white man wants to live in peace with the Indian he can live in peace. There need be no trouble. Treat all men alike. Give them the same law. Give them all and even chance to live and grow"? a. Chief Pontiac b. Sitting Bull c. Chief Joseph d. Chief Lakota

c. Chief Joseph

Which of the following can be associated with the decline of the Knights of Labor? a. Great Railroad Strike b. International Ladies Garment Workers Union Strike c. Haymarket Square d. Carnegie Steel Strike

c. Haymarket Square

Which of the following was not a major reason for the decline and subjugation of the American Indian? a. Valuable natural resources out West gave U.S. settlers a powerful incentive to remove Indians. b. The widespread image of Indians as barbaric discouraged measures to protect their independence. c. Indifference to the advantages of guns and horses weakened Indian resistance to U.S. military power. d. The U.S. government regularly broke treaties designating which land would remain in the hands of the Indians.

c. Indifference to the advantages of guns and horses weakened Indian resistance to U.S. military power.

In the late nineteenth century, the Republican Party found particularly strong support among all of the following except a. Protestant immigrants. b. African-Americans. c. Irish-Americans. d. Union veterans.

c. Irish-Americans.

The author of How the Other Half Lives (1890) was a. Alexander Stewart b. Edith Wharton c. Jacob Riis d. Matthew Smith

c. Jacob Riis

In Wabash v. Illinois, this prior ruling was essentially reversed. a. Elk v Wilkins b. Underhill v Herndon c. Munn v Illinois d. United States v E.C. Knight Co.

c. Munn v Illinois

What was the book in which Henry George proposed a "single tax" on real estate that would replace all other taxes? a. Looking Backward b. Civic Engagement c. Progress and Poverty d. The Cooperative Commonwealth

c. Progress and Poverty

The political "boss" of New York City in the early 1870s was a. Charles Dudley Warner. b. Schuyler Colfax. c. William M. Tweed d. James A. Garfield.

c. William M. Tweed

The 1887 Dawes Act a. established federal railroad rates, making interlocking directorates illegal. b. established a federal minimum wage law for women and children. c. led to the loss of tribal lands, and the erosion of Indian cultural traditions. d. guaranteed federal employees an eight hour day.

c. led to the loss of tribal lands, and the erosion of Indian cultural traditions.

By 1913, the United States produced how much of the world's industrial output? a. five percent b. ten percent c. one third d. half

c. one third

This improvement was key in both the division of time zones as well as improving sales in such brands as Ivory soap and Quaker Oats. a. the discovery of more natural resources b. the invention of airplanes c. standard gauge for railroads d. the invention of the telephone

c. standard gauge for railroads

The first federal agency intended to regulate economic activity, and ensure that railroad rates were reasonable, and favoritism was avoided was a. The Sherman Antitrust Act. b. The Dawes Act. c. The Interstate Commerce Commission d. The Civil Service Act.

c. the Interstate Commerce Commission.

The industrial revolution in the United States took place principally in a. the Southeast and Southwest. b. the mid-Atlantic states and the Southwest. c. the North and the Midwest. d. the Southwest and Northwest.

c. the North and the Midwest.

Which was not a central factor in the explosive economic growth in the second Industrial Revolution? a. the country's abundant natural resources b. growing supply of labor c. expanded markets for manufactured goods d. Low Tariffs

d. Low Tariffs

All of the following were "captains of industry" except a. John D. Rockefeller. b. Andrew Carnegie. c. J.P. Morgan. d. Samuel Gompers.

d. Samuel Gompers

What did Congress establish to regulate economic activity and ensure that railroad rates were reasonable and favoritism was avoided? a. The Railroad Commission b. The Railroad Fairness Act c. The Reasonable Railroad Decree d. The Interstate Commerce Commission

d. The Interstate Commerce Commission

The event marking the end of four centuries of armed conflict between the continent's native population and European settlers and their descendants was called a. State of Neutrality b. Peace Period c. The Final Event d. Wounded Knee

d. Wounded Knee

Which of the following was not a focus of debate between Democrats and Republicans during the Gilded Age? a. laws governing cultural habits b. tariffs on imported goods c. memories of the Civil War and Reconstruction d. federal income tax levels

d. federal income tax levels

In the late 1800s, this geographic area experienced the most dramatic growth in capitalism. a. the Midwest b. the South c. the Northeast d. land west of the Mississippi River

d. land west of the Mississippi River

The belief that private control of economic enterprises should be replaced by government ownership in order to ensure a fairer distribution of the benefits of the wealth produced is called a. communism b. fair market trading c. capitalism d. socialism

d. socialism

Founded in 1867, this group claimed more than 700,000 members in the mid-1870s, who called on state governments to establish fair freight rates and warehouse charges. a. the Greenback Labor Party b. Railroad Workers United c. the United Parcel Service d. the Grange

d. the Grange

Elk v. Wilkins (1884) stated that a. a state board was to be established to eliminate railroad race discrimination b. only the federal government could regulate interstate commerce c. "greenback" money was to be taken out of circulation d. the rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments did not apply to American Indians

d. the rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments did not apply to American Indians

Legal devices whereby the affairs of several rival companies were managed by a single director are called a. vertical integration b. oligopolies c. monopolies d. trusts

d. trusts