gov test

which of the following demographic groups has voted most consistently for the democratic party in national elections over the last 3 decades

African Americans

which of the following form an iron triangle

Bureaucratic agency, Congressional committee, interest group

The advantages of incumbency in congressional elections include which of the following?

I and II only

Which of the following statements is best supported by the data in the table above? (party identification of latino groups in the US)

Latinos of cuban descent are more supportive of the Republican Party than are Latinos of Mexican or Puerto Rican Descent

which of the following is true of PACs

They make campaign contributions to gain access to legislators

A primary election in which voters are required to identify a party preference before the election and are not allowed to split their ticket is called

a closed primary

which of the following is a type of primary election that requires registration as a party affiliate to vote

closed

which of the following provides the most accurate explanation of how consumer-driven media increases partisan polarization?

consumer-driven media reinforces existing political biases in individuals

the term "horse-race journalism" refers to the tendency of the media to

cover campaign by emphasizing the relative standings of the candidates in the polls rather than the issue they discuss

The largest amount of political coverage in newspapers during presidential campaigns is devoted to

day-to-day campaign activities

the agenda-setting function of the media refers to the power to

decided which issues are important enough to bring to public attention

Typically, presidential candidates implement their campaign strategies by

focusing on larger, competitive states, because they might tip the balance of the electoral college

which of the following best accounts for the lack of success generally encountered by minor political parties in electing members to the House of Senate?

general elections in the US are based on winner-take-all principle

all of the following are reasons incumbents in the HOR enjoy an electoral advantage over challenges EXCEPT that incumbents

get substantial financial support from their party's national commitee

the data displayed in the table above best support which of the following statements? (members reelected/ average vote won by member/ members reelected by 60% or more )

house seats are safer from election turnover than are Senate seats.

In response to the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (McCain-Feingold Act), the United States Supreme Court, in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010), ruled that

independent campaign expenditures by corporations and unions are protected by the first amendment

The media's effect on public opinion can best be described as

influencing which issues the public sees as important

an interest group is most likely to have influence in Congress when the issue at stake

is narrow in scope and low in public visibility

the bipartisan campaign reform act of 2022 (McCain-Feingold) did which of the following

it banned soft money donations to national parties

which of the following organizations is most likely to suffer from the free-rider problem?

large special interest groups with a large membership and national focus

Compared to voters in a general election, voters in presidential primary elections are

more likely to be affluent

In the US, which of the following is a rule on voting found in the Constitution or its Amendments?

no person 18 years of age or older may be denied the right to vote on account of age

all of the following are commonly used by interest groups to influence the political process EXCEPT

nominating candidates

which of the following best describes the difference between open and closed primary

only voters who register as members of a political party may vote in that party's closed primary, while independents and others may be eligible to vote in open primaries

the table above supports which of the following statements about partisanship and the 1984 presidential election? (partisan and the vote)

partisanship was a good predictor of the way a person voted

the concept of "critical elections" is most closely associated with

party realignment

The table best supports which of the following statements about party identification and voting behavior? (same graph)

people with strong democratic party identification tend to vote for the democratic party.

which of the following describes a fundamental difference between political parties and interest groups?

political parties represent broad arrays of issues, whereas interest groups are more likely to focus on narrow sets of issues

interest groups use political action committees (PACs) to

raise and spend money on election campaigns

which of the following changes to presidential elections would potentially allow for an increase in the number of votes for the 3rd party

rank-choice voting

which of the following is most frequently reported in the media during a presidential election?

results from public opinion polls that indicate which candidates are most likely to win

the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (McCain-Feingold) was designed to curtail which of the following?

soft money

the table best supports which of the following statements about the two elections for which data are provided? (electoral support for democratic candidates)

strong republicans were the republicans least likely to cross party lines)

which of the following is a correct statement about PACs

the amount of money that PAC's can contribute directly to an individual candidate is limited by law

A state has 11 electoral votes. In a presidential election, the Democratic candidate receives 48 percent of that state's popular vote, the Republican candidate receives 40 percent of the vote, and an independent candidate receives 12 percent of the vote. If the state is similar to most other states, how will the electoral votes most likely be allocated?

the democratic candidate will receive 11 electoral votes

The differences shown in the table demonstrate which of the following? (opinions of affirmative action for women)

the gender gap

How is a president chosen when none of the candidates receives a majority of the electoral college vote?

the house chooses a new president by a majority vote of its state delegations

the data in the table provides clear evidence that (graph titled presidential vote in elections by groups)

the vote in the Midwest predicted the outcome rather consistently.

one reason for the persistence of a 2 party system in the US is

the winner-takes-all electoral system

of the following, which best predicts the likelihood that citizens will vote

their educational level

which of the following describes the consequence of the growing concentration of ownership of the news media?

there is increased similarity of the network news coverage

"voting is partly a matter of habit: the more frequently a person has voted in the past, the more likely she or he is to vote in the current election" all of the following support the observation above EXCEPT

unmarried persons over the age of 65 are less likely to vote than are married persons in that age group.

the most widely performed act of political participation in the US is

voting in presidential elections

critical elections in the US typically have occurred

when groups of voters have changed their traditional patterns of party loyalties

Which of the following statements about voting patterns is best supported by the table (presidential vote in elections by groups)

women were more likely to vote democratic