Government: Chapter 7

The losing party in a state Supreme Court case can appeal the decision to the U.S. Supreme Court by submitting

A petition for a writ of certiorari

The Sixth Amendment guarantees which of the following to the accused

Counsel, jury and witnesses

In order to make fair decisions without undue influence by outside forces, judges must be elected

False

The earliest known written laws, on which many modern American laws are based, were the Ten Commandments

False

The most significant basis of the American system is the Roman Twelve Tables

False

The president nominates Supreme Court justices, but the Senate elects other federal judges.

False

The supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction in those cases involving representatives of foreign government

False

The supreme Court's primary function is to settle disputes among the states.

False

which individual set a precedent for codifying complex bodies of law

Justinian

In Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice John Marshall helped establish

The Supreme Court's power to declare laws unconstitutional

How is the judiciary branch checked by other branches

The president appoints federal judges with the advice and consent of the Senate

By assigning a southerner to write the Court's opinion for a voter discrimination case, the Supreme Court demonstrated its awareness of public opinion

True

The judicial branch has the power to determine whether laws and actions of government comply with the Constitution through judicial review.

True

The main purpose of the judicial branch of government is to interpret the laws

True

Today's justices are more representative of the country as a whole than in the past

True

When considering what cases to hear, the Supreme Court often chooses those in which courts have interpreted federal laws differently

True

Which court has the power to overrule the decision of a federal appeals court

U.S. Supreme Court

what does a plea bargain usually involve

admission to a lesser crime

court system in which opposing sides argue their case and present witnesses

adversarial

For an appeal to have strength and validity, the error of law in the trial court must have

affected the outcome of the trial

State judges are selected by

both election and appointment

How does stare decisions most strengthen the nation's legal system

by adding stability and predictability

If a justice agrees with the majority's opinion, but has different reasoning, he or she may issue a

concurring opinion

hears cases such as burglary, murder, and assault

criminal trial court

The U.S. Supreme Court has the power to

declare laws unconstitutional

The judicial branch checks other branches of government by

determining laws' constitutionality

If the trial court judge instructs the jury incorrectly, then the defendant may appeal the verdict based on

error of law

Because of broad media coverage, a justice's confirmation is no longer contentious

false

If an interest group wants to explain to the Supreme Court why a case should be decided in a particular way, the group can submit a writ of certiorari

false

The constitution says that a Supreme Court justice must be at least 35 years of age

false

appeals are possible only in the event of violations of procedural due process

false

new evidence and witnesses may be presented in a appeals court

false

the legal principle of stare decision means that courts often challenge precedent in their decisions

false

what state courts have

general juridiciton

Presidents typically work to nominate individuals who

have personal integrity and professional expertise

What is the most democratic aspect of a criminal trial

jury

citizens that render a verdict in a case based on evidence

jury

what federal courts have

limited jurisdiction

Trial courts can be found at

local, state, and federal levels.

Where cases involving city ordinances are decided

municipal courts

which steps in the trial process are ordered correctly, from first to last

opening statements, examinations, closing statements, jury instructions, verdict

The party in a civil case that accuses another party of causing damage

planitiff

The U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Texas v. Johnson has served as_________ for later free speech cases

precedent

appointed by the court to uphold the Sixth Amendment

public defender

To preserve the democratic principles of checks and balances, courts can only decide questions of law

questions are brought to them in the form of cases

The main difference between adversarial and inquisitorial system is in the

role of the court

Which courts can hear cases involving federal laws?

state and federal courts only

where most legal cases are decided

state courts

Federal courts can decide questions of state law if

the case involves parties in different states.

Once the Supreme Court reaches a decision in a case

the decision become law

What is the purpose of the rule of four

to determine whether the Supreme Court will hear a case

where cases on reservations are decided

tribal courts

Confirmation of Supreme Court nominees typically takes longer today than in the past

true

Court cases must go through trial courts before they can go to appeals courts.

true

majority and concurrent opinions agree on the decision in an appellate case but disagree on the reason for the decision

true