Grammar post-midterm

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any group of words that function together in a sentence but lack a subject, predicate, or both

phrase

doesn't contain subject-verb relationship, but may contain verbs

phrase

What type of pronoun is "myself": I washed myself

reflexive

what type of pronoun is "himself": He hit himself

reflexive

what type of pronoun is "ourselves": We did this to ourselves

reflexive

used when the subject of the sentence does some action to him/her/itself

reflexive pronoun

a relative clause begins with a/an _________________

relative pronoun

used in relative clauses to refer back to a noun in the main clause

relative pronoun

Two independent clauses (or more) just smashed together without any coordination

run-on stentence

Add what to indicate possession in a plural noun

s'

indefinite pronouns are singular/plural

singular

Those who stand up for their political beliefs do (it/so) from a sense of patriotism, not sedition.

so

Demonstrative pronouns

that, this, these, those, such

People who want to do well on the SAT must dedicate (their/his or her) time appropriately.

their

demonstrative pronouns

this, that, these, those, such

True or false: a clause can function as a complete sentence or combine with other clauses to form compound or complex sentences

true

1. separate sentences with a period 2. Use FANBOYs coordinating conjunction with a comma 3. Use a semicolon; a "semicolon splice" is legal 4. transform one independent clause into a subordinate clause or a phrase

ways to separate 2 sentences

ID the relative clause: Of course I forgot my umbrella on the one day when it's supposed to rain.

when it's supposed to rain

ID the relative clause: I can't wait to visit the house where everything is made of gingerbread.

where everything is made of gingerbread.

ID the relative clause: The stadium where we're going tonight has a beautiful view of the water.

where we're going tonight

ID the relative clause: This type of cheese, which smells delicious, is called Limburger.

which smells delicious

ID the relative clause: When I grow up, I want to be an astronaut who also stars in movies.

who also stars in movies

ID the relative clause: Whom are you looking for: the man who stole the necklace or the one with the earrings?

who stole the necklace

ID the relative clause: The woman who wore a red hat always came into the cafe on Sundays.

who wore a red hat

relative pronouns

who, which, that, when, where

ID the relative clause: The man whose restaurant I go to every week is moving to another city.

whose restaurant I go to every week

If you want to learn SAT grammar efficiently and effectively, (one/you) must learn what is actually tested.

you

Add what to indicate possession in a singular noun

's

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Adult male gorillas, which are dominant and sometimes aggressive, lead family groups of females and young males.

Clause; dependent and relative

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Built to honor all the gods, the Pantheon is a monument that is an exceptional example of ancient Roman architecture.

Clause; dependent and relative

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: The chef prepared the meringue, a common dessert topping for citrus custards, by whipping eggs until stiff peaks formed.

Clause; dependent but not relative

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Cockroaches breathe through holes in their bodies called spiracles; this fact helps explain how they can survive for weeks without a head.

Clause; independent

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Karen's suitcase was too large to fit in the overhead bin, so unfortunately she had to check it.

Clause; independent

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Many traditional pets have lived in the White House, but some former presidents kept unique companions; for example, John Quincy Adams had an alligator that lived in a White House bathroom.

Clause; independent

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Samantha grew up in a bilingual family, so she can speak two languages fluently.

Clause; independent

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type:The champion didn't expect the challenger to be such a formidable opponent, but despite his small size, the challenger possessed brute strength.

Clause; independent

ID the clause, state whether dependent or independent: Mary is washing the dishes while Bob dries.

Mary is washing the dishes; independent

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Although poisonous and potentially deadly, puffer fish are a delicacy in countries like Japan and China.

Phrase

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Inspirational leader Mohandas Gandhi, commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, directed India's fight for independence against British rule.

Phrase

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Robert and Emily took detailed notes during the lecture on microbiology.

Phrase

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: The Hall of Records, which is found behind Mount Rushmore, contains copies of historical United States documents.

Phrase

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: The new physician at the hospital has been working long hours.

Phrase

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: The role of a prosecutor is to present a court case against an accused offender.

Phrase

state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: We washed the dishes in the sink after dinner.

Phrase

ID the independent clause in each pair: 1. She is tired 2. That she is tired

She is tired

ID the independent clause in each pair: 1. The bear roared 2. When the bear roared

The bear roared

ID the independent clause in each pair: 1. The glue spilled everywhere 2. Which spilled everywhere

The glue spilled everywhere

ID the phrase or clause and state which it is: Washing the dishes, Mary observed Bob drying them.

Washing the dishes; phrase

ID the clause, state whether dependent or independent: While Mary is washing the dishes, Bob dries.

While Mary is washing the dishes; dependent

Pronouns must agree with their ____________.

antecedents

a phrase (can/cannot) be its own sentence.

cannot

any group of words that contains a subject and a main (finite) verb

clause

two independent clauses connected with only a comma

comma splice

What type of pronoun is "that" in these sentences: I want that. I want that car.

demonstrative

clause that can't stand by itself

dependent (subordinate) clause

indefinite pronouns

everybody, anybody, somebody, all, each, every, some, none, one

ID the singular pronouns: everybody, anybody, somebody, all, each, every, some, none, one

everybody, anybody, somebody, each, every, one

ID the independent clause in each pair: 1. since we left Montana 2. he's been scratching like crazy

he's been scratching like crazy

Martha became famous for her novel High Tides, a book that plucked (herself/her) from obscurity and made her famous.

her

A student might want to determine (their/his or her) major before starting college.

his or her

Every student should bring (their/his or her) books to class.

his or her

clause that can stand by itself

independent clause

The town is well known for its hospitality; (they always try/it always tries) to make visitors feel welcome.

it always tries

Each of the great theories of physics are known for (their/its) complexity.

its

Direct any inquiries to Bob or (me/myself).

me

reflexive pronouns

myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, themselves


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