Grammar post-midterm
any group of words that function together in a sentence but lack a subject, predicate, or both
phrase
doesn't contain subject-verb relationship, but may contain verbs
phrase
What type of pronoun is "myself": I washed myself
reflexive
what type of pronoun is "himself": He hit himself
reflexive
what type of pronoun is "ourselves": We did this to ourselves
reflexive
used when the subject of the sentence does some action to him/her/itself
reflexive pronoun
a relative clause begins with a/an _________________
relative pronoun
used in relative clauses to refer back to a noun in the main clause
relative pronoun
Two independent clauses (or more) just smashed together without any coordination
run-on stentence
Add what to indicate possession in a plural noun
s'
indefinite pronouns are singular/plural
singular
Those who stand up for their political beliefs do (it/so) from a sense of patriotism, not sedition.
so
Demonstrative pronouns
that, this, these, those, such
People who want to do well on the SAT must dedicate (their/his or her) time appropriately.
their
demonstrative pronouns
this, that, these, those, such
True or false: a clause can function as a complete sentence or combine with other clauses to form compound or complex sentences
true
1. separate sentences with a period 2. Use FANBOYs coordinating conjunction with a comma 3. Use a semicolon; a "semicolon splice" is legal 4. transform one independent clause into a subordinate clause or a phrase
ways to separate 2 sentences
ID the relative clause: Of course I forgot my umbrella on the one day when it's supposed to rain.
when it's supposed to rain
ID the relative clause: I can't wait to visit the house where everything is made of gingerbread.
where everything is made of gingerbread.
ID the relative clause: The stadium where we're going tonight has a beautiful view of the water.
where we're going tonight
ID the relative clause: This type of cheese, which smells delicious, is called Limburger.
which smells delicious
ID the relative clause: When I grow up, I want to be an astronaut who also stars in movies.
who also stars in movies
ID the relative clause: Whom are you looking for: the man who stole the necklace or the one with the earrings?
who stole the necklace
ID the relative clause: The woman who wore a red hat always came into the cafe on Sundays.
who wore a red hat
relative pronouns
who, which, that, when, where
ID the relative clause: The man whose restaurant I go to every week is moving to another city.
whose restaurant I go to every week
If you want to learn SAT grammar efficiently and effectively, (one/you) must learn what is actually tested.
you
Add what to indicate possession in a singular noun
's
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Adult male gorillas, which are dominant and sometimes aggressive, lead family groups of females and young males.
Clause; dependent and relative
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Built to honor all the gods, the Pantheon is a monument that is an exceptional example of ancient Roman architecture.
Clause; dependent and relative
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: The chef prepared the meringue, a common dessert topping for citrus custards, by whipping eggs until stiff peaks formed.
Clause; dependent but not relative
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Cockroaches breathe through holes in their bodies called spiracles; this fact helps explain how they can survive for weeks without a head.
Clause; independent
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Karen's suitcase was too large to fit in the overhead bin, so unfortunately she had to check it.
Clause; independent
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Many traditional pets have lived in the White House, but some former presidents kept unique companions; for example, John Quincy Adams had an alligator that lived in a White House bathroom.
Clause; independent
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Samantha grew up in a bilingual family, so she can speak two languages fluently.
Clause; independent
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type:The champion didn't expect the challenger to be such a formidable opponent, but despite his small size, the challenger possessed brute strength.
Clause; independent
ID the clause, state whether dependent or independent: Mary is washing the dishes while Bob dries.
Mary is washing the dishes; independent
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Although poisonous and potentially deadly, puffer fish are a delicacy in countries like Japan and China.
Phrase
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Inspirational leader Mohandas Gandhi, commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, directed India's fight for independence against British rule.
Phrase
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: Robert and Emily took detailed notes during the lecture on microbiology.
Phrase
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: The Hall of Records, which is found behind Mount Rushmore, contains copies of historical United States documents.
Phrase
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: The new physician at the hospital has been working long hours.
Phrase
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: The role of a prosecutor is to present a court case against an accused offender.
Phrase
state whether the bolded section is a phrase or a clause. If a clause, ID the clause type: We washed the dishes in the sink after dinner.
Phrase
ID the independent clause in each pair: 1. She is tired 2. That she is tired
She is tired
ID the independent clause in each pair: 1. The bear roared 2. When the bear roared
The bear roared
ID the independent clause in each pair: 1. The glue spilled everywhere 2. Which spilled everywhere
The glue spilled everywhere
ID the phrase or clause and state which it is: Washing the dishes, Mary observed Bob drying them.
Washing the dishes; phrase
ID the clause, state whether dependent or independent: While Mary is washing the dishes, Bob dries.
While Mary is washing the dishes; dependent
Pronouns must agree with their ____________.
antecedents
a phrase (can/cannot) be its own sentence.
cannot
any group of words that contains a subject and a main (finite) verb
clause
two independent clauses connected with only a comma
comma splice
What type of pronoun is "that" in these sentences: I want that. I want that car.
demonstrative
clause that can't stand by itself
dependent (subordinate) clause
indefinite pronouns
everybody, anybody, somebody, all, each, every, some, none, one
ID the singular pronouns: everybody, anybody, somebody, all, each, every, some, none, one
everybody, anybody, somebody, each, every, one
ID the independent clause in each pair: 1. since we left Montana 2. he's been scratching like crazy
he's been scratching like crazy
Martha became famous for her novel High Tides, a book that plucked (herself/her) from obscurity and made her famous.
her
A student might want to determine (their/his or her) major before starting college.
his or her
Every student should bring (their/his or her) books to class.
his or her
clause that can stand by itself
independent clause
The town is well known for its hospitality; (they always try/it always tries) to make visitors feel welcome.
it always tries
Each of the great theories of physics are known for (their/its) complexity.
its
Direct any inquiries to Bob or (me/myself).
me
reflexive pronouns
myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, themselves
