Group 2
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, each emotion has a different
visceral experience.
People who are _____ in need for achievement tend to be motivated by a desire to avoid failure.
low
When the motivation is intrinsic rather than extrinsic we will probably
work harder with higher quality results.
True or false: According to Maslow, self-actualization only occurs in famous people.
False
Which of the following choices best accounts for why we eat when we are distressed?
Food provides comfort and consolation, which are immediate pleasures.
People of which gender with high power needs are more apt to channel those needs in a socially acceptable manner?
Women
One of the modifications to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion is the fact that the simultaneous occurrence of the physiological and emotional responses
has not been conclusively demonstrated.
of needs model stresses the idea that lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs can be met.
hierarchy
People who desire to be with their friends more of the time and alone less often are high in the need for .
affiliation
True or false: Many species will select a well-balanced diet if given a choice among a wide variety of food.
True
The need for _____ is an interest in establishing and maintaining relationships with other people.
affiliation
Individual emotions are associated with patterns of biological
arousal
People who spend most of their time with other people may have a ____ need for affiliation.
high
Physiological and safety needs are ______ in Maslow's hierarchy.
basic needs
Schacter-Singer theory of emotion explains that environment and the of others explain the physiological arousal individuals experience in certain situations.
behaviors
A chemical imbalance in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus is a(n) _____ explanation of bulimia and anorexia
biological
The way that information is processed in the brain is a(n) _____ explanation of bulimia and anorexia.
biological
The hypothalamus monitors _____ levels to determine when it is time to eat.
blood glucose
The acronym BMI stands for
body mass Index.
BMI refers to
body mass index.
Among psychologists, there is not one that is considered the most important or fundamental.
emotion
Maslow suggests that we want to feel good about who we are because this is part of meeting the
esteem
According to Maslow's theory, the need to develop a sense of self-worth by knowing that others know and value one's competence is called
esteem.
People who are low in need for achievement tend to be motivated by a desire to avoid
failure failling
The concept of a settling point suggests that
genes and the environment interact to determine body weight.
A person who seeks out easy tasks or very difficult tasks for which failure has no negative implications because anyone would fail at them, are said to be _____ in their need for achievement.
low
A person with a high ______ will tend to expend more energy than is typical.
metabolism
To be obese is to have a body weight that is
more than 20% above the average body weight based on a person's height.
People with a BMI of more than 30 are considered to be
obese
Emotions may serve to
prepare us for action.
By acting the "fight-or-flight" response of our autonomic nervous system, emotions are
preparing us for action.
In adulthood, one cannot easily lose weight by
reducing the number of fat cells.
Competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the three basic human needs identified with
self-determination
To say that the body has a weight of 100 pounds suggests that after feasting and gaining weight, the body will tend to drop back to 100 pounds.
set point
Some researchers suggest that the body does not try and maintain a fixed weight set point, but has point that is determined by genetics and the person's environment
settling
You are always happy when you see that special someone, so you spend more time with them. In this case, your happiness is
shaping your future behavior
Customs, such as eating three meals a day and having dessert after a nice meal, are examples of _______ factors affecting eating behavior.
social
Self-actualization for most people means that
they are at ease with themselves and satisfied they are using their talents to the fullest.
True or false: By applying multiple approaches to motivation in a given situation we can gain a broader understanding than we could with just a single approach.
true
People with a BMI between ____ and ____ are considered overweight, but not obese.
25, 30
Using the body mass index, what is the definition of obesity?
30 or higher
Who is most likely to exhibit the behavior and characteristics of a CEO of a large company who likes to buy luxury goods and shows deep concern for others?
A female high in the need for power
Which of the following is a problem for the James-Lange theory of emotion?
Different emotions are associated with very similar physiological states.
Which of the following are function(s) that emotions play in our daily lives?
Shaping our future behavior Helping us to interact more effectively with others Preparing us for action
Which of the following represent shortcomings of Maslow's theory?
Some researchers question the order of Maslow's needs. It is difficult to measure self-actualization objectively.
What is the term used that describes the following behavior? Laura does not eat for multiple days and then binges by eating for hours everything insight, followed by purging through vomiting, this cycle is repeated time and time again. This describes _______.
bulimia
The Schachter-Singer theory of emotion focuses on the role of _____ in explaining emotions.
cognition
Emotions have
both physiological and cognitive elements.
In Maslow's model, the most basic needs are located at the ______ of the pyramid.
bottom
In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the more basic needs are at the of the hierarchy, while the higher-order needs are at the of the hierarchy.
bottom,top
Applying multiple approaches to motivation in a given situation typically
broadens our understanding of the situation
Both sides of the debate over whether emotion precedes cognition or vice versa both agree that it is possible to experience emotion without
conscious
Maslow's need for love and belongingness explains why we
contribute to groups that we find ourselves in.
People with a _____ need for affiliation write TAT stories that emphasize the desire to maintain or reinstate friendships and show concern over being rejected by friends.
high
People who are concerned that their friends are likely to abandon them because they did something wrong may be experiencing
high need for affiliation.
Many argue that people who are overweight have _____ (higher/lower) weight set points than other people do.
higher
Ghrelin is a _____ that communicates feeling of hunger to the brain.
hormone
The way society values slenderness and the parallel notion that obesity is undesirable may lead to anorexia or bulimia. This is an example of a(n) ____ explanation.
social
It now appears that physiological arousal is more ____ than originally believed by Schachter and Singer.
specific
True or false: In the debate over whether emotion precedes cognition or vice versa, both sides agree that we can experience emotions with little or no conscious thought.
true
True or false: Social factors, such as falling in love or fighting with a friend, can affect eating behavior.
true
True or false: There are cultural differences in the descriptions of emotions.
true
Paul gained a lot a weight when he was 10 years old. As an adult, even though he diets constantly, he can never seem to keep weight off. An explanation for this could be the
weight set point hypothesis
What is the body mass index (BMI) a ratio of
weight to height.
In general, ______ practice more restraint in terms of displaying their power needs.
women
Who can be self-actualizing?
Anyone
Which hormone communicates feelings of hunger to the brain?
Ghrelin
Who is most likely to exhibit the following behavior: act aggressively, drink heavily, and act in a sexually exploitative manner?
A male high in need for power
Which of the following are examples of people who may be self-actualized? (Select all that apply.)
A parent who finds fulfillment in raising his or her kids and has exceptional nurturing skills. An artist who finds fulfillment in his or her work and has realized his or her creative potential.
What do scientists who disagree with the weight-set-point hypothesis of obesity propose causes the body's weight "settling" point?
An interaction of genes and the environment.
Which of the following are components of self-determination theory?
Autonomy Competence Relatedness
are feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements while also influencing behavior.
Emotions
An artist who finds fulfillment in his or her work and has realized his or her creative potential.
Hierarchy of needs
Which of the following explanations BEST explains why other species are unlikely to become obese?
Internal mechanisms regulate not only the amount of food taken in, but also the type of food desired.
Which type of motivation does research show to be the most effective, intrinsic or extrinsic?
Intrinsic
What is one criticism of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
It is impossible to validate the specific ordering of the hierarchy.
According to Maslow, these needs include the needs to obtain and give affection and to be a contributing member of some group or society.
Love and belongingness
Which of the following are SOCIAL causes of eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia?
Overly demanding parents or other family problems. Society's valuation of slenderness and parallel notion obesity is undesirable.
You are always happy in biology class so you decide to change your major to pre-med and try to become a medical doctor. What function of emotions is demonstrated here?
Shaping our future behavior
What is the Thematic Apperception Test used to measure?
Need for achievement
The desire to have prestigious possessions such as electronic equipment and sports cars is characteristic of people high in what?
Need for power
Which of the following statements are true concerning metabolic rates? (Select all that apply.)
People with a high metabolic rate can eat virtually as much food as they want without gaining weight. People with a low metabolic rate may eat half as much as they want but gain weight readily.
Research with rats has shown that damage to the lateral hypothalamus has what effect?
Rats may starve to death.
While hiking with friends, you notice the trail is coming close to a cliff. You're not sure if you should feel nervous so you look at your friends' faces. They look scared, so you begin to feel scared. What theory of emotion does this support?
Schachter-Singer
If our environment is nutritionally healthier, a genetic predisposition to obesity will not be activated. Hence we fall into an equilibrium in which our weight is lower. This is a description of what concept?
Settling point
What is the definition of weight set point?
The particular level of weight that the body strives to maintain.
What is the definition of metabolism?
The rate at which food is converted to energy and expended by the body.
What is body mass index (BMI)?
The ratio of weight to height
Which of the following are BIOLOGICAL causes of eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia?
The way information about food is processed in the brain. A chemical imbalance in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus.
What measuring instrument is used most frequently to measure need for achievement?
Thematic Apperception Test
Which test uses a series of ambiguous stories in which the individual describes what is happening, who the people are, what led to the situation, what the people are thinking or wanting, and what will happen next?
Thematic Apperception Test
A test consisting of a series of pictures about which a person is asked to write a story is called the
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT).
People with a normal body weight may have _____ than obese people.
a lower set point
The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that emotions are:
a reaction to changing physiological states
Some individuals respond to a situation first with and later try to understand it, whereas some individuals try to understand the situation first before responding.
emotion
Damage to the can affect weight set point.
hypothalamus
While it is clear that emotions have a physiological component, it is not clear
if emotion precedes cognition or vice versa.
Emotions
influence behavior.
The body stores excess sugar in the blood as fats and carbohydrates as a result of the hormone
insulin
You do very well in a track meet, but notice the anger and frustration in the eyes of the people you beat. You do not express your pride in your accomplishment. In this case, their emotion is helping you to
interact more effectively with those who did not do as well as you did.
Depressed people may eat to gain
the immediate pleasures associated with eating
One challenge for psychologists has been identifying
the most important, fundamental emotions.
