Growth and Development of a Preschooler

Parents of a 3½-year-old indicate they spend time with grandparents who live near a lake. The nurse will emphasize:

having the child wear a personal flotation device whenever near or on the water.

The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old on a routine well-child visit. When assessing the gross motor skills of this preschooler, which activity will the nurse predict the child to be able to successfully accomplish?

hop on one foot

When planning how to respond to a 3-year-old child about telling stories ("tall tales"), the nurse would base the statement on the fact that:

imagination in a 3-year-old is at its peak.

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old girl following an appendectomy. The girl becomes fearful and starts to cry as soon as the nurse walks into the room. When the nurse asks about the crying, the girl says, "Nurses who wear shirts with flowers give shots." The nurse understands that this statement is an example of:

transduction

The nurse has completed an educational program on normal growth and development in children. Which statement by a participant would indicate a need for further education?

"I am so glad I can get rid of all of those bath toys because they take up so much room."

The mother of a 3-year-old tells the nurse that she is concerned that her child is not developing motor skills quickly enough. She states that, "My son can't skip and cannot stand on one foot for any length of time while playing." How should the nurse respond?

"Your child is not expected to be able to perform those activities at 3 years of age."

The father of a 4-year-old is concerned his child is not telling the truth and blaming others for things that have happened. Which response should the nurse prioritize after the father shares that the child is blaming someone named "Andrew" for a broken tool, and they have no idea who this is?

"Your son may have a friend named Andrew, but it could be an imaginary friend."

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child. The parents indicate that their child often reports that objects in the house are his friends. The parents are concerned because the child says that the grandfather clock in the hallway smiles and sings to him. Which response by the nurse is best?

"attributing lifelike qualities to inanimate objects is quite normal at this age"

The parent of a 4-year-old child tells the nurse about being frustrated because all the parent seems to do lately is fight with the child over what the child wants to eat and wear. The parent notes sometimes wanting to spank the child for always disagreeing. What would be the best suggestion for the nurse to make to this parent?

"use the time-out technique for discipline"

The mother and father of a 5-year-old boy are discussing bicycle safety with the nurse. What comment indicates further teaching is needed?

"we just got him a new bike that he can grow into"

A nurse is providing a routine wellness examination for a 5-year-old boy. Which response by the parents indicates a need for an additional referral or follow-up?

"we often have to translate his speech to others"

The parents of a 4-year-old child tell the school nurse that they are worried that their child will fall behind other children academically because they are not able to afford expensive toys like computer games and handheld electronic devices. Which are acceptable response(s) by the nurse? Select all that apply.

-"I understand how this can be frustrating, but rest assured this does not place your child at a disadvantage academically." -"All of these expensive toys that are advertised and purchased by some people are not necessary for preschoolers. Simple toys like chalk and Legos are great." -"Do you play with your child and provide means of play through things like dolls, puzzles, crayons, and child-safe modeling clay? These are the types of toys suggested for preschoolers."

The nurse is providing health-promotion teaching to a group of parents of preschoolers at a local day care. What information would the nurse include in this education session? Select all that apply.

-Encourage children to select their own clothing to wear each day. -Parents will need to supervise tooth-brushing and be responsible for flossing. -Treat any toileting accidents in a matter-of-fact manner and assist the child in getting dry clothing.

Nursing students are reviewing information about preschooler growth and development. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a common fear during this period? Select all that apply.

-Fear of the dark -Fear of mutilation -Fear of separation -Fear of abandonment

Parents say they have been using measures to lessen the struggle of getting their preschooler to bed at night and to sleep. Which practice will the nurse suggest they discontinue?

Allowing the preschooler to fall asleep wherever and whenever the child is tired enough

What suggestions regarding the evaluation of a childcare center would the nurse share with a preschooler's mother?

Specific program goals to be accomplished should be available.

The nurse is preparing an educational program for parents of preschool-age children to promote personal safety. Which information should the nurse include in this program? Select all that apply.

Explaining who police are and what they look like Teaching to never talk with or accept a ride from a stranger Never enter into a street without an adult

When collecting data on a preschool-aged child during a well-child visit, the nurse discovers the child has gained 12 lb (5.4 kg) and grown 2.5 inches (6.3 cm) in the last year. The nurse interprets these findings to indicate which situation?

Weight is above an expected range and height is within an expected range.

The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child. Which assessment finding would the nurse identify as abnormal?

falls when bending over to touch toes

The nurse is caring for a child who is described as being an inquisitive learner, loves to learn new things, and feels a sense of accomplishment when succeeding in activities. The nurse understands that this child is in which of Erikson's stages of development?

initiative vs guilt

A preschool-age child tells the nurse about an imaginary friend. The parents are concerned because the child refuses to do anything without the friend's help. Which nursing diagnosis is most applicable for the family?

parental anxiety related to lack of understanding of childhood development

The nurse is presenting an in-service on the types of playing that children may engage in. The nurse determines the session is successful when the attending nurses correctly choose which example as representing cooperative play?

playing in an organized group with each other

Nursing students are reviewing information about the cognitive development of preschoolers. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify that a 3-year-old is in what stage as identified by Piaget?

preoperational thought

The parents of a 4-year-old girl tell the nurse that their daughter is having frequent nightmares. Which statement indicates that the girl is having night terrors instead of nightmares?

she screams and thrashes when we try to touch her

A 4-year-old is going to finger paint for the first time. What is the best action for the adult supervisor of this activity?

support whatever the child paints

When assessing the growth and development of a 4-year-old, which would the nurse note as being appropriate?

tells a fantasy story about a bear and a car

At a physical examination, a nurse asks the father of a 4-year-old how the boy is developing socially. The father sighs deeply and explains that his son has become increasingly argumentative when playing with his regular group of three friends. The nurse recognizes that this phenomenon is most likely due to:

testing and identification of a group role

Which gross motor skill would the 4-year-old child have most recently attained?

the child can hop on one foot