HAN Exam 5 - Endocrine
What 2 s/s are asc with HYPO-thyroidism [Evolve]
Lethargy and constipation
ADDISON DISEASE [Evolve] 1. Caused by ___ deficiency 2. Causes kidneys to retain... which increases the electrolyte ______ which promotes ______ _____ which elevates _____ _____. 3. Absence of ____ causes hypotension [HINT: The answer to number 2/3 helps answer number 2/3]
1. Aldosterone deficiency [aldosterone production impaired due to disease --> aldosterone deficiency] 2. Aldosterone causes kidneys to retain Na+ ions --> increased Na+ --> water retention promotion --> elevated blood pressure. Because of this ^,... 3. The absence of aldosterone caused HYPOTENSION
CUSHINGS SYNDROME [Evolve] Cushings is caused by excessive adrenocortical activity (excess cortisol/hypercortisolism) Therefore, what 8 symptoms are often found in Cushings and why? **Got this info from evolve ^**
1. HIRSUTISM / EXCESSIVE HAIRINESS excess adrenocortical activity causes excessive hairiness, especially a male pattern of hair distribution on a woman (hirsutism) because of an androgen excess. 2. Buffalo Hump Hyper-cortisolism --> fat redistribution --> buffalo hump Hyper-cortisolism also contributes to the following S/S: 3. Slow wound healing 4. Weight gain 5. HTN 6. Acne 7. Thin arms/legs 8. Behavioral changes
ESTROGEN & ANDOGENS [Evolve] 1. What kind of hormones are these? 2. Do they affect BP?
1. Sex hormones 2. Do NOT! affect BP
What factor may have precipitated ketoacidosis in a client with type 1 diabetes who has been adhering to a prescribed insulin regimen? [Evolve]
Infection such as an upper respiratory infection Infection is a stress that increases adrenocortical secretion of glucocorticoids, which will increase the blood glucose level. Exercise requires glucose for muscle contraction, which decreases the blood glucose level. Decreased food intake will decrease the blood glucose level. Working the night shift will have no effect on the blood glucose level.
S/S asc. with HYPER-thyroidism (4) [Evolve]
Fever, tachycardia, hyperactivity, and exophthalmos
A client with an aldosterone-secreting adenoma is scheduled for surgery to remove the tumor. What damage might occur if the tumor is not removed? [Evolve]
Heart and Kidney damage may occur if tumor is not removed Renal and cardiac complications will occur if hypertension is not arrested. An aldosteronoma is a benign tumor; metastasis is not possible. Medications are not used; the tumor must be removed. It is not true that radiation therapy or surgery can be just as effective if the tumor is small; the tumor must be removed by surgical means.
CUSHINGS SYNDROME [Evolve] Results from excess ...
adrenocortical activity
The major effects of cortisol is on ____ metabolism and not on sodium/water concentration. [Evolve]
glucose metabolsim
____ is a stress that increases adrenocortical secretion of glucocorticoids, which will increase the blood glucose level. [Evolve]
infection
Increased glucocorticoids cause... (4) [Evolve]
sodium and water retention, hypertension, and fat deposition, resulting in a moon face.
