HAP ch 11
A cell with an abnormally low number of ribosomes would slow down the effect of a steroid hormone.
true
A person with a simple goiter would probably have high levels of TSH.
true
A tropic hormone causes another endocrine gland to release its hormone or grow.
true
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) which stimulates retention of water by the kidneys would have no effect on liver cells.
true
Although oxytocin is released by the posterior pituitary, it is made in the hypothalamus.
true
An abnormally low level of insulin production may cause glycosuria.
true
Calcitonin is an example of a hormone that uses a negative feedback mechanism for regulation.
true
Endocrine glands secrete hormones.
true
Glucosuria can be a symptom of diabetes mellitus.
true
Hormones have the same role in the endocrine system as nerve impulses have in the nervous system.
true
Hyposecretion is a term describing the release of too little hormone.
true
In the second messenger system, the hormone is assumed to be the first messenger.
true
Luteinizing hormone is also called the ovulating hormone.
true
Males also produce luteinizing hormone.
true
Nonsteroid hormones require a second messenger.
true
One of the main differences between the anterior and posterior pituitary glands is that one is made of glandular tissue and one is made of nerve tissue.
true
One of the target cells of glucocorticoids are the liver cells.
true
Oxytocin stimulates contraction of the pregnant uterus.
true
Pancreatic beta cells release insulin.
true
Prostaglandins are also called "tissue hormones."
true
Steroid hormone receptors are in the nucleus of the cell.
true
Steroid hormones do not need a second messenger because they are able to pass through the cell membrane.
true
The adrenal medulla releases hormones that support and prolong the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.
true
The endocrine and nervous systems perform the same general function.
true
The function of the endocrine system is communication and control.
true
The outer zone of the adrenal cortex secretes mineralcorticoids.
true
The pancreas is both an exocrine and endocrine gland.
true
The pancreatic alpha cells release glucagon.
true
The pituitary gland sits in the "Turkish saddle."
true
The target cells for T4 are virtually all cells in the body.
true
The thyroid gland is located in the neck.
true
The thyroid gland is unique because it stores the hormones it produces.
true
classes of prostaglandins
PGA PGE PGF
Aldosterone: Select one: a. increases blood sodium levels b. decreases blood sodium levels c. increases blood potassium levels d. both b and c above
a
Androgens, which are similar to testosterone: Select one: a. are secreted by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex b. androgens are not secreted by the adrenal cortex c. are secreted by the middle zone of the adrenal cortex d. are secreted by the outer zone of the adrenal cortex
a
Second messengers are important in the functioning of: Select one: a. nonsteroid hormones b. steroid hormones c. carbohydrate hormones d. both b and c above
a
Steroid hormones have hormone receptors in the: Select one: a. nucleus of the cell b. cytoplasm of the cell c. cell membrane d. both a and c above
a
Steroid hormones: Select one: a. cause protein synthesis in the cell b. can cause the formation of cAMP c. require a second messenger to function d. both b and c above
a
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a nonsteroid hormone? Select one: a. causes protein synthesis to occur b. all of the above are characteristics of a nonsteroid hormone c. attaches to a receptor on the cell membrane d. can use cAMP as a second messenger
a
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a steroid hormone? Select one: a. it uses cAMP as a second messenger b. it can pass through the cell membrane c. it causes protein synthesis to occur d. the receptor is in the nucleus of the cell
a
The endocrine system consists of glands that: Select one: a. release chemicals into ducts b. release chemicals into the blood c. release chemicals into body cavities d. all of the above
b
The thyroid gland: Select one: a. is unique because it does not store the hormones it makes b. is found in the neck c. requires calcium to produce its hormone d. all of the above
b
Aldosterone: Select one: a. increases glucogenesis b. is produced in the inner zone of the adrenal cortex c. is a mineralcorticoid d. both a and c above
c
Calcitonin causes: Select one: a. an increase in the blood concentration of calcium b. a breakdown in the bone matrix c. a decrease in the blood concentration of calcium d. both a and b above
c
Cortisol: Select one: a. has the opposite effect of aldosterone b. is made in the outer zone of the adrenal cortex c. stimulates glucogenesis d. all of the above
c
Epinephrine: Select one: a. is released by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex b. reinforces the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system c. is released in response to stress d. both a and b above
c
Hormones are not a major regulator of: Select one: a. metabolism b. blood pH c. voluntary muscle movement d. both b and c above
c
In order for T4 to be produced, the diet must contain sufficient amounts of: Select one: a. calcium b. sulfur c. iodine d. iron
c
Nonsteroid hormones have hormone receptors in the: Select one: a. nucleus of the cell b. cytoplasm of the cell c. cell membrane d. both a and c above
c
A substance that is used as a second messenger
cAMP
Aldosterone has an impact on the concentration of this substance in the blood: Select one: a. glucose b. potassium c. sodium d. both b and c above
d
Aldosterone has its effects mainly on the cells of the: Select one: a. stomach b. liver c. intestine d. kidney
d
Cortisol: Select one: a. is made in the middle zone of the adrenal cortex b. is a glucocorticoid c. has an anti immunity effect d. all of the above
d
Insulin: Select one: a. is made by the beta cells of the pancreas b. has the opposite effect of glucagon c. descreases the blood glucose level d. all of the above
d
Nonsteroid hormones can be made of: Select one: a. nucleic acids b. all of the above c. carbohydrates d. proteins
d
Steroid hormones: Select one: a. cause protein synthesis in the cell b. can cause the formation of cAMP c. have hormone receptors in the nucleus of the cell d. both a and c above
d
The thyroid gland produces: Select one: a. T3 b. T4 c. Calcitonin d. all of the above
d
A gland that releases its secretion into the blood
endocrine gland
A type of gland that releases its secretions into a duct
exocrine gland
ADH causes water to be excreted in the urine.
false
ATP is frequently a second messenger of protein hormones.
false
Acromegaly results from a hyposecretion of growth hormone.
false
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates the adrenal glands to release adrenaline.
false
An increase in ADH would increase the amount of urine the body produces.
false
Another name for the posterior pituitary gland is the adenohypophysis.
false
Calcitonin causes an increase in blood calcium levels.
false
Corticol is an example of a mineralcorticoid.
false
Exocrine glands can also release hormones.
false
FSH is frequently called the ovulating hormone.
false
Glucagon causes a decrease in blood glucose concentration.
false
Growth hormone accelerates the processes of cell catabolism.
false
Hormones are carried to their target organs by ducts.
false
Hypersecretion of ADH results in diabetes insipidus.
false
Hyposecretion of ADH results in diabetes mellitus.
false
If prostaglandins influence the production of cAMP, they could impact the function of steroid hormones.
false
If the pancreatic islets produce too little insulin, a condition called diabetes insipidus can occur.
false
Lack of production of insulin by the pancreatic alpha cells causes diabetes mellitus.
false
Many of the posterior pituitary hormones are tropic hormones.
false
Nonsteroid hormone receptors are in the nucleus of the cell.
false
Of the two thyroid hormones, T3 is the more abundant.
false
One difference between prostaglandins and hormones is that prostaglandins circulate throughout the body whereas hormones go only to target cells.
false
Prolonged release of glucocorticoids increase the activity of the immune system.
false
Prostaglandins made in one part of the body frequently can have an effect on distant parts of the body.
false
Research has indicated that prostaglandins work by increasing the number of hormone receptors produced by a cell.
false
Researchers believe that prostaglandins influence the production of ATP in the cell.
false
Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm of the cell.
false
Steroid hormones use nitrogen oxide as their second messenger.
false
Substances produced by the exocrine glands cause a reaction by stimulating target organ cells.
false
The neurohypophysis produces about twice as many hormones as the adenohypophysis.
false
The target cells for aldosterone are in the liver.
false
A chemical released by an endocrine gland
hormone
The overproduction of a hormone by a gland
hypersecretion
The underproduction of a hormone by a gland
hyposecretion
B. outer zone D. inner zone C. middle zone A. capsule E. medulla
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Common bile duct: C Pancreatic duct: B Small intestine: A
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hydrocortisone: C androgens: D glucocorticoids: C norepinephrine: E mineralcorticoids: B epinephrine: E adlosterone: B
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Prostaglandins, along with several other tissue hormones such as leukotrienes and thromboxane, are sometimes called.
paracrine agents
A type of hormone that has its receptor on the cell membrane
protein hormone
A hormone that has its receptor in the nucleus of the cell
steroid hormone
An organ with a receptor for a specific hormone
target organ
