HAP Test #6 - The Muscular System
compartment syndrome
accumulation of blood and fluid within dense connective tissue partitions of muscle
Which of the following is a stimulus for contraction in skeletal muscle?
acetylcholine
The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from
actin and myosin arrangement
A resting muscle generates most of its ATP by
aerobic respiration
myasthenia gravis
autoimmune disease that results in progressive muscular paralysis
The __________ contains vesicles filled with acetylcholine.
axon terminal
The enzyme acetylcholinesterase causes acetylcholine to
break down.
In response to action potentials arriving from the transverse tubules, the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases
calcium ions
sternocleidomastoid
points of origin & insertion
gluteus medius
relative size, location
palmaris longus
relative size, location
Botulism
results from a bacterial toxin tha prevents the release of acetylcholine at the axon terminals
The area between Z lines is the
sarcomere.
The terminal cisternae are structural features of the
sarcoplasmic reticula
Creatine phosphate serves to
synthesize ADP
What statement regarding isometric contractions is true?
tension remains at a constant level until relaxation occurs.
Tropomyosin strands are held in position by which of the following
troponin molecules
A single stimulus-contraction-relaxation sequence in a muscle fiber is known as a(n)
twitch
Which of the following occurs when glycolysis produces pyruvate faster than it can be used by the mitochondria?
Lactic acid is produced.
A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called
epimysium
Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers
have many nuclei
The term used to describe muscular growth in response to usage is
hypertrophy
Each myofibril consists of apporximately __________ sarcomeres.
10,000
Rigor mortis occurs at death due to a lack of
ATP
Which of the following statements describe how muscles help maintain homeostasis?
Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature
During which phase is the stimulus frequency so high that the relaxation phase is eliminated?
complete tetanus
ischemia
deficiency of blood in a body part
Regarding lactic acid regulation, which cells in the body consume extra oxygen and produce ATP for the conversion of excess lactate absorbed from the blood back to glucose?
liver cells
extensor carpi ulnaris
location, action
During activities requiring aerobic endurance,
most of the muscle's energy is produced in mitochondria.
Which of the following occurs as a result of motor units in a particular muscle being always active, even though their contraction do not produce enough movement as a result of contraction?
muscle tone
myalgia
muscular pain
Biceps femoris
number of origins, location
hernia
organ protrudes from abnormal opening in body cavity wall
The less-movable end of skeletal muscle is the
origin
The additional oxygen required during the recovery period to restore the normal pre-exertion levels is called the
oxygen debt.
Which of the following is an effect of aging on the muscular system?
skeletal muscles become more elastic
A person whose genetic makeup makes him or her a better marathon runner than a sprinter probably has more __________ in his or her leg muscles.
slow fibers
As a skeletal muscle contraction is initiated, acetylcholine binding alters the motor end plate membrane's permeability to
sodium ions.
What is the function of the transverse tubule?
to transmit electrical impulses to the cell's interior
