HEA 191 FINAL -Ch. 7

Taking a large amount of this vitamin can be toxic because excess amounts can accumulate in the liver. A) A B) B6 C) C D) B12

A) A

Which of the following is TRUE about calories? A) Calories are a unit of measure of the energy obtained from food. B) Calories are one of the basic nutrient groups. C) All nutrients provide calories. D) Caloric needs stay about the same during various life stages.

A) Calories are a unit of measure of the energy obtained from food.

Which of the following is TRUE about Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)? A) They are the reference standard for intake levels necessary to meet the needs of most healthy individuals. B) They are the highest amount of a particular nutrient that can be safely consumed on a daily basis. C) They are the recommended average daily intake by healthy people when the research is limited. D) They are the amount of intake needed to prevent chronic disease.

A) They are the reference standard for intake levels necessary to meet the needs of most healthy individuals.

Substances in food or supplements that destroy free radicals and slow their formation are A) antioxidants. B) antibiotics. C) antigens. D) anticoagulants.

A) antioxidants.

Which of the following has the most saturated fat? A) coconut oil B) palm kernel oil C) peanut oil D) olive oil

A) coconut oil

Calories from saturated fats and/or sugar in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as ice cream and soda, are called A) empty calories. B) non-nutritive calories. C) soluble calories. D) nutrient-dense calories.

A) empty calories.

The most common nutrient deficiency in the world is A) iron deficiency. B) sodium deficiency. C) calcium deficiency. D) potassium deficiency.

A) iron deficiency.

The milk sugar that some people can't digest properly is A) lactose. B) glucose. C) sucrose. D) fructose.

A) lactose.

Common food allergens include all of the following EXCEPT A) oats. B) peanuts. C) milk. D) eggs.

A) oats.

Which type of fiber dissolves in water and can be digested by bacteria in the colon? A) soluble B) complex C) insoluble D) composite

A) soluble

Nutrients are A) the constituents in food that the body requires to function properly. B) units of measure that indicate the amount of energy in a particular food. C) made up of three basic food groups: proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. D) the healthful compounds found in vitamins and minerals.

A) the constituents in food that the body requires to function properly.

What is the difference between a portion and a serving? A) A serving is the amount you choose to eat, and a portion is the recommended amount to be consumed. B) A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat. C) A serving amount is twice the size of a portion. D) A serving amount is half the size of a portion.

B) A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat.

High levels of this type of cholesterol appear to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, or cholesterol-clogged arteries. A) LDL B) HDL C) Triglycerides D) ADL

B) HDL

What proportion of people avoid a particular food because they think they are allergic to it? A) about one-tenth B) about one-third C) about one-half D) about one-fourth

B) about one-third

The psychological desire to eat is A) craving. B) appetite. C) nutrition. D) hunger.

B) appetite.

Which of the following foods is an example of a complete protein? A) pinto beans B) chicken breast C) peanuts D) whole-grain bread

B) chicken breast

What type of proteins contain all nine essential amino acids? A) incomplete B) complete C) plant-source D) complementary

B) complete

The chief function of this mineral in the body is to make teeth resistant to decay and bones resistant to mineral loss. A) calcium B) fluoride C) magnesium D) phosphorus

B) fluoride

The safest way to thaw frozen food is A) in warm water. B) in the refrigerator. C) in sunlight. D) on the kitchen counter.

B) in the refrigerator.

An increase in the spread of foodborne illness could be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT A) the globalization of the food supply. B) increased consumption of locally grown or raised food. C) the inadvertent introduction of pathogens into new geographic regions. D) insufficient education about food safety.

B) increased consumption of locally grown or raised food.

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient-dense? A) butter B) low-fat milk C) ice cream D) frozen yogurt

B) low-fat milk

The mineral necessary for the regulation of blood and body fluids is A) zinc B) sodium. C) iodine. D) calcium.

B) sodium.

When liquid oils are hydrogenated, A) LDLs are produced. B) trans fatty acids are produced. C) HDLs are produced. D) cholesterol is produced

B) trans fatty acids are produced.

Which of the following vitamins is readily excreted from the body in urine and unlikely to develop to toxic levels? A) vitamin A B) vitamin C C) vitamin D D) vitamin E

B) vitamin C

What percentage of a person's body weight is water? A) 10 to 30 percent B) 30 to 50 percent C) 50 to 70 percent D) 70 to 90 percent

C) 50 to 70 percent

Riboflavin is one of the A) C vitamins. B) D vitamins. C) B vitamins. D) E vitamins.

C) B vitamins.

Which of the following BEST describes appetite? A) It is the social meaning attached to food. B) It is the same as hunger. C) It is more psychological than physiological. D) It is not triggered by smells or taste.

C) It is more psychological than physiological.

Molecules that are the building blocks of protein are A) minerals. B) starches. C) amino acids. D) fatty acids.

C) amino acids.

One medium fruit serving is about the size of a(n) A) checkbook. B) golf ball. C) baseball. D) egg.

C) baseball.

Kurt, who is a vegetarian, had a cheese omelet for lunch. He is a A) pesco-vegetarian. B) lacto-vegetarian. C) lacto-ovo-vegetarian. D) semivegetarian.

C) lacto-ovo-vegetarian.

According to the criteria set by the USDA, which of the following would be an appropriate label for an apple grown without toxic and persistent pesticides or fertilizers? A) organic B) 100 percent organic C) made with organic ingredients D) some organic ingredients

C) made with organic ingredients

The purpose of hydrogenating unsaturated fats is to A) make them more liquid at room temperature. B) reduce the amount of cholesterol. C) make them more solid at room temperature. D) increase the levels of protein.

C) make them more solid at room temperature.

Dietary fats that are solid at room temperature are made up mostly of A) essential fatty acids. B) polyunsaturated fatty acids. C) saturated fatty acids. D) monounsaturated fatty acids.

C) saturated fatty acids.

All of the following points about the Dietary Guidelines for Americans are true EXCEPT that A) they are a set of recommendations for healthy eating. B) they form the basis for the MyPlate food guidance system. C) they provide specific recipes to facilitate meal preparation. D) they are designed to combat the growing obesity epidemic.

C) they provide specific recipes to facilitate meal preparation.

To ensure safety, leftovers that have been properly wrapped and refrigerated should be eaten within A) one day. B) two days. C) three days. D) four days.

C) three days.

Minerals that the body needs in very small amounts are A) major minerals. B) organic minerals. C) trace minerals. D) microminerals.

C) trace minerals.

A person who avoids all foods and food products of animal origin, including dairy and eggs, is a A) lacto-ovo-vegetarian. B) vegetarian. C) vegan. D) pesco-vegetarian.

C) vegan.

Potent and essential organic compounds that promote growth and help to maintain life and health are A) minerals. B) nutrients. C) vitamins. D) additives.

C) vitamins.

Which of the following is FALSE about fiber? A) It is the indigestible portion of plant foods. B) It adds bulk and roughage to the diet. C) It helps move foods through the digestive system. D) It is the digestible portion of plant foods.

D) It is the digestible portion of plant foods.

Which substances protect against oxidative stress and the resultant cell damage? A) hormones B) enzymes C) proteins D) antioxidants

D) antioxidants

Which of the following could be included in a vegan diet? A) eggs B) raw milk C) fish D) apples

D) apples

High-fiber diets may help decrease the risk of all of the following EXCEPT A) colon cancer. B) heart disease. C) obesity. D) fibromyalgia.

D) fibromyalgia.

Which is NOT a good source of folate? A) spinach B) liver C) lentils D) fish

D) fish

The complex carbohydrate form of a sugar that is stored in the liver and muscles is A) glucagon. B) galactose. C) glucose. D) glycogen.

D) glycogen.

The ideal cholesterol ratio for an individual would include A) high HDL and high LDL. B) low HDL and low LDL. C) low HDL and high LDL. D) high HDL and low LDL.

D) high HDL and low LDL.

The physiological need to eat to sustain life is A) craving. B) appetite. C) nutrition. D) hunger.

D) hunger.

Over the past three decades, daily calorie consumption by Americans has A) decreased slightly. B) primarily come from junk foods. C) remained about the same. D) increased significantly.

D) increased significantly.

In the United States, which of the following factors does NOT affect most people's choices about dietary intake? A) convenience B) cultural traditions C) advertising D) limited food supply

D) limited food supply

All the following are good sources of complex carbohydrates EXCEPT A) oatmeal. B) spinach. C) carrots. D) milk.

D) milk.

What substance is not soluble in water, is derived from animal-based foods and synthesized by the body, and while circulating in the blood, can accumulate on the inner walls of arteries and restrict blood flow? A) cholesterol B) high-density lipoproteins C) triglycerides D) saturated fat

D) saturated fat