Health Chapter 3 Test

One calorie expresses the quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of ___ liter of water ___ degree Celsius.

1 (for both)

What are three nutrients that provide energy in the form of calories?

1.) Carbohydrates 2.) Fats 3.) Proteins

What are the three types of carbohydrates?

1.) Simple 2.) Complex 3.) Fiber

What are three nutrients that DO NOT provide energy?

1.) Vitamins 2.) Minerals 3.) Water

You need energy to maintain your body ___________, keep your ___________ beating, and enable you to ____________ what you need.

1.) temperature 2.) heart 3.) understand

What percentage of daily calories comes from proteins?

10%-35%

What food is an example of a good source of fiber? 1.) chicken 2.) whole grain bread 3.) snickers

2.) whole grain bread

How many different amino acids make up protein in the body?

20

What percentage of daily calories should come from fat?

20%-35%

Which of these %DV (percent daily values) is a good source of carbohydrates? 1.) 5% 2.) 10% 3.) 30%

3.) 30%

Each gram of Carbohydrates supplies ___ calories.

4

Each gram of protein supplies ___ calories.

4

What percentage of a person's daily calorie intake comes from carbohydrates?

45%-65%

How much water (in ounces) should you intake per day?

8oz. 8 times a day (64 oz. total)

Each gram of fat supplies ___ calories.

9

At a meal, you usually eat more carbohydrates than your body can immediately use. What is the extra glucose converted into?

A type of starch called glycogen.

What vitamins are fat soluble?

A,D,E and K

What are the smaller "links" that are bound together chemically to form long chains that make up proteins?

Amino acids

What is the psychological desire for food?

Appetite

What vitamins are water soluble?

B,C, and folic acid

What is the term for the units that measure the amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down?

Calorie

What is the term for nutrients that are made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen? (not stored energy)

Carbohydrates

What is the waxy, fatlike substance that is found only in animal products?

Cholesterol

What type of proteins are made from animal sources and contain all 9 essential amino acids?

Complete proteins

What type of carbohydrates are linked together chemically to form long chains?

Complex carbohydrates

True/False. Simple Carbohydrates contain 50 branches of sugars.

False: 1 or 2 branches.

True/False: Starches are a good source of fats.

False: good source of complex carbs.

True/False: Saturated Fats are liquid at room temperature.

False: solid

True/False: Unsaturated Fats are solid at room temperature.

False: they are liquid.

What nutrient, besides carbohydrates, is made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen? (hint: stored energy)

Fats

What is the natural drive to eat?

Hunger

What type of proteins are made from plant sources and lack one or more of the essential amino acids?

Incomplete proteins

Why is glucose the most important type of sugar?

It is a major provider of energy for the body's cells.

What is the term used to describe carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

Macrobes

What is the chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release energy?

Metabolism

What are the elements found in food that are used by the body?

Minerals

What is the term for the condition that causes bones to become weak and brittle?

Osteoporosis

What type of fat has all the hydrogen the carbon atoms can hold?

Saturated Fats

What is another term for simple carbohydrates?

Sugars

_________ _________ are made when manufacturers add hydrogen to fat molecules in veggie oils.

Trans Fats

What is partially hydrogenated oil?

Trans fat

True/False. All living cells contain carbs.

True

True/False: Fiber cannot be broken down or absorbed.

True

True/False: if you eat so many carbohydrates that the body's glycogen stores are full, then the excess carbohydrates are stored as fat instead.

True

What type of fat has at least one unsaturated bond in a place where hydrogen can be added to the molecule?

Unsaturated fat

What are micronutrients that are needed in small amounts?

Vitamins and minerals

What are the two types of nutrients?

Water soluble and Fat soluble.

What nutrient is the first to supply energy for your body's functions?

carbohydrates

Is it better to eat simple or complex carbohydrates to give a more sustained energy?

complex

Ingredients are listed in what kind of order?

descending order

Carbohydrates ________ quickly for rapid energy supply.

digest

More calories = more __________ needed to utilize it.

energy

What is the term for the 9 amino acids that the body cannot manufacture?

essential amino acids

What is a type of complex carbohydrate that is found in plants?

fiber

What type of sugar are all other sugars converted to once inside the body?

glucose

How many calories is low, moderate, and high?

low -40 moderate -110 high -400

What are substances that the body needs to regulate bodily function, promote growth, repair body tissues, and obtain energy?

nutrients

What is the term for nutrients that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?

protein

What nutrient does not have a %DV? (percent daily value)

protein

What is the most important role of protein?

rebuild tissue

How can vegetarians receive all the amino acids they need to function?

they combine 2 or more plant sources that taken together will provide essential amino acids.

What is the most essential nutrient to the body besides O2 (oxygen)?

water