Health-Section 16.1-16.4 (Tobacco)

Emphysema

A disorder in which alveoli in lungs can no longer function properly

Chronic Bronchitis

A form of COPD. It is a disease where the airways make too much mucus, which forces the person to cough it out. Your airway becomes swollen and the cough becomes chronic. The symptoms can improve but the cough will come back. There is no cure for chronic bronchitis, but if you quit smoking, then you can help keep the symptoms under control.

Respiratory Disease

More common among many smokers. They suffer from a dry or hacking cough, which is one sign of serious damage to the respiratory system. The damaged cilia in the lung are destroyed from the tar. Those damages allow for foreign particles and mucus to accumulate. Coughing is your body's response to remove the build up and clear air passages.

Leukoplakia

Development of white patches on the tongue or lining of the mouth by smokers/tobacco users

Secondhand smoke

Environmental tobacco smoke

Mainstream smoke

Exhaled through smokers lungs

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Results in gradual loss in lung function

5 Years After Quitting

Risk of developing lung cancer dramatically decreases.

Tobacco has a major influence in developing certain cancers

Scientists estimate that 87 percent of deaths caused by lung cancer are related to smoking. Tobacco use is also associated with oral cancers, or cancers of the mouth, throat, and tongue.

2 Days After Quitting

Smell and taste improves.

Mainstream Smoking

Smoke exhaled into the air from the smoker.

Cigarettes, Cigars, & Pipes

Tobacco is inhaled.

How can tobacco products be used?

Tobacco products can be smoked/inhaled or chewed.

Smokeless Tobacco

Tobacco that is chewed or sniffed through the nose.

The long-term health risks of tobacco use and secondhand smoke

Increase risk of developing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and several different kinds of cancers

Mainstream Smoke-

Is exhaled from a smokers lung

Sidestream Smoke

Is smoke that goes into the air directly from the cigarette (worst)

secondhand smoke

Is the combination of mainstream smoke and side stream smoke also known as environmental tobacco smoke

respiratory benefits

cilia lining air passages regain normal function; breathing becomes easier

Using tobacco is a _______ choice.

conscious

cardiovascular disease

diseases of the heart and blood vessels that kill 138,000 smokers in the US every year

mainstream smoke

exhaled from a smoker's lungs

health benefits of quitting tobacco use being

immediately and continue throughout life

two most harmful substances in tobacco smoke, in addition to nicotine

tar and carbon monoxide

nicotine

the insecticide produced by tobacco that is very addictive

What are some common household chemicals used in a tobacco mixture?

Acetone, ammonia, and butane.

Chronic bronchitis

Airways are always inflamed

1-9 Months After Quitting

All oral symptoms (cough, sinus, etc) decrease, cilia regrow, energy increases.

what are the benefits of quitting tobacco use

Benefits begin immediately and continue through life.

What are the three most harmful substances in tobacco smoke?

Nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide.

Bad Breath

People who begin smoking at a young age develop bad breath within the first few times they smoke a cigarette.

Pneumonia

Smoking can cause pneumonia which is an inflammation of the linings of the lungs. It results in the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, a persistent cough and difficulty breathing. The accumulation of fluid can foster bacterial growth, bringing down the smokers' immunity.

Persistent Cough

Smoking causes paralysis of the hair present in lungs (known as the cilia). These hairs are responsible for clearing the lungs of the harmful agents or substances that find their way in to the lungs during the breathing process. With the hair paralyzed, the smokers are forced to cough in order to remove the harmful products that he or she has been inhaling.

Chronic Bronchitis-

The airways are constantly inflamed

Tar

The dark, sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns

Chewing Tobacco

Whole tobacco leave mixed with molasses/honey placed between the cheek and gums

cardiovascular benefits

blood pressure lowers and heart rate returns to normal; circulation improves and the risk of heart disease and stroke decreases

_________ also benefits every time a tobacco user quits

society

Nicotine Substitute-

A product that contains nicotine, but not other harmful chemicals found in tobacco

Circulatory Issues

A smoker is also susceptible to a number of other effects which can start occurring as soon as he starts smoking. These effects are most likely to include a feeling of dizziness, a rapid increase in the skin temperature of fingers and toes, frequent hand tremors, a decrease in the flow and supply of blood and oxygen in the body and deposition of harmful substances like cholesterol and fats in the arteries and veins.

Ulcer

A smoker is more likely to develop an ulcer in his or her stomach, small intestine and esophagus because of the presence of extra acid which is not completely neutralized.

20 Minutes After Quitting

Blood pressure and pulse return to normal. Bldy temperature is normal.

3 Days After Quitting

Bronchial tubes relax, lung capacity increases.

How does tobacco effect the respiratory system?

By irritating the airway and causing a persistent cough.

1. What are three long term health risks related to smoking?

Cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases

3. Identify three risks associated with exposure to secondhand smoke.

Cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases the same risks associated with smoking

10 Years After Quitting

Cancerous cells replaced.

8 Hours After Quitting

Carbon monoxide levels drop to normal. Oxygen increases to normal.

1 Day After Quitting

Chance of heart attack decreases.

What are tobacco products made from?

The dried leaves of the tobacco plant.

Sinusitis

The name given to the inflammation of the sinus. When a person starts smoking, the spaces in his or her skull known as the sinuses become inflamed because of the paralysis of the hair present in them.

chronic bronchitis

airways are constantly inflamed and mucus is over produced, making breathing difficult

people who use tobacco frequently being to rely on it for feelings of....

alertness and pleasure

tobacco raises

blood pressure, increases blood cholesterol levels, promotes atherosclerosis, and increases the blood's tendency to clot

once in the blood, nicotine travels to the.......

brain within seconds

nicotine affects....

breathing, movement, learning, memory, mood, and appetite

other cancers

cancers of the esophagus, larynx, stomach, pancreas, kidney, bladder, and blood

What type of chemicals does tar contain?

carcinogens or cancer causing agents

long-term exposure to secondhand smoke can cause

cardiovascular disease, many respiratory problems, and cancer

oral cancer

caused by smoking and smokeless tobacco, cancers of the mouth, tongue, and throat, survival rate is high but surgery can be disfiguring

lung cancer

caused by smoking, successful treatment is unlikely

nicotine withdrawal

causes headaches, irritability, difficulty sleeping, inability to concentrate, and intense nicotine cravings

stimulants

drugs that increase the activity of the nervous system

What 3 factors greatly influence someone to start using tobacco?

friends, family, media

psychological benefits

increased confidence; regain control over their lives

major short term affects of nicotine

increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and changes in the brain that may lead to addiction

tobacco is a major cause of the following cancers:

lung, oral, and others

nicotine enters the blood through the...

lungs or lining of the mouth or nose

as tolerance to nicotine increases, .....

nicotine addiction develops

COPD treatments

quitting smoking prevents symptoms from getting worse, treatments relieve symptoms and slow the progression of the disease such as medications that open airways, breathing exercises, oxygen treatments, and lung transplants

effects of carbon monoxide

red blood cells carry less oxygen than needed, and breathing and heart rate increases

with every dose of tobacco, users increase their risk of developing......

respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disease, and several different forms of cancer

sticking to your decision not to use tobacco involves being able to

say no clearly and with confidence

nicotine is a type of drug called a....

stimulant

the most important factor in successfully quitting tobacco is a

strong personal commitment

Quitting Smoking

-Blood pressure and pulse return to normal after 20 minutes of smoking a cigarette. -After 8 hours, carbon monoxide levels in the blood drop. -A chance of heart attack decreases after one day. -Within 2 weeks to three months, lung function increases by 30%.

Long Term Health Risks

-Chronic Bronchitis -Emphysema -Constructive Pulmonary Disease -Chronic respiratory illnesses are more common in smokers -Cancer -Leukoplakia -Cardiovacular Disease -A smoker is 3 times more likely to suffer a heart attack than a nonsmoker -A heart attack is 5 to 10 times more likely to kill a smoker than a nonsmoker

3 Short term effects of tar

-Paralysis of cilia lining the airways -Increased number of respiratory infections -Impaired lung function

Short Term Health Risks

-Rapid addiction -Increased stress -Altered brain chemistry -Irritated air passages -Persistent cough -Constricted blood vessels -Increased heart rate and blood pressure -Heartburn and reflux -Ulcers -Oral/dental problems -Bad breath -Sinusitis -Pneumonia -Circulatory issues -Harm to others (2nd hand smoke) -Careless smoking=house fires

Nicotine

-The chemical produced by the tobacco plant that has a drug effect on the body -It is a naturally produced insecticide that protects the tobacco plant -The stimulant drug produced by tobacco -It can act as a poison when in high quantities -Long term exposure has serious long term health effects -It is a highly addictive stimulant due to the way it impacts the neurotransmitters of the brain

What is in tobacco?

-With each puff on a cigarette, cigar or pipe a smoker inhales over 4,000 different chemicals. -Of these 4,000 chemicals at least 1,000 are known to be dangerous - Along with these chemicals are two harmful substances tar and carbon monoxide

Cardiovacular Diseases

Diseases of the heart and blood vessels, kill over 140,000 tobacco users in the United States each year. -A smoker is three times more likely to suffer a heart attack than is a non-smoker -A heart attack is five to ten times more likely to kill a smoker than a non-smoker. -Chemicals are forcing the heart to work harder to get oxygenated blood throughout your body. Studies have shown that these chemicals promote the build up of fatty material in your blood vessels than can result blocked or broken blood vessel than can result in heart attacks. If this occurs in a blood vessel in the brain, then a stroke may occur.

Tobacco causes an impaired cardiovascular system. What does this impaired cardiovascular system consist of?

It consists of constricted blood vessels, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure.

2 Weeks-3 Months After Quitting

Lung function increases by 30%, walking is easier.

Irritable Airway

Smoking irritates the airways of the respiratory system which causes the airways to constrict making it difficult for a person to breathe.

Oral and Dental Problems

Smoking is bad for teeth as well. The bacteria that enter the mouth as part of the cigarette smoke are extremely harmful for the teeth and hasten the process of tooth decay and even causes yellowing of teeth as well.

Constricted Blood Vessels

Smoking is believed to be responsible for decreasing the content of nitric oxide in the body which results in the constriction of blood vessels. This condition known as vasoconstriction leaves the smoker vulnerable to stroke and heart attack especially if he suffers from sickle cell disease or is a patient of atherosclerosis.

Increased Blood Pressure

When a person starts smoking, his heart begins to pump blood faster than it is supposed to. This happens because the nicotine present in the cigarettes stimulates the heart to work harder than usual. This is why smokers generally have a high heart rate in comparison to non-smokers. With the heart being asked to work harder than it is capable of working, the chances of an early heart attack or stroke increase considerably.

tobacco

a plant that naturally produces nicotine, a very addictive chemical

Carbon Monoxide

a poisonous, odorless, colorless gas produced when tobacco is burned.

nicotine substitute

a product that contains nicotine, but not the other harmful chemicals found in tobacco, used by those trying to quit to reduce withdrawal symptoms

What is the most important factor for successfully quitting tobacco use

a strong personal commitment