Health-Section 16.1-16.4 (Tobacco)
Emphysema
A disorder in which alveoli in lungs can no longer function properly
Chronic Bronchitis
A form of COPD. It is a disease where the airways make too much mucus, which forces the person to cough it out. Your airway becomes swollen and the cough becomes chronic. The symptoms can improve but the cough will come back. There is no cure for chronic bronchitis, but if you quit smoking, then you can help keep the symptoms under control.
Respiratory Disease
More common among many smokers. They suffer from a dry or hacking cough, which is one sign of serious damage to the respiratory system. The damaged cilia in the lung are destroyed from the tar. Those damages allow for foreign particles and mucus to accumulate. Coughing is your body's response to remove the build up and clear air passages.
Leukoplakia
Development of white patches on the tongue or lining of the mouth by smokers/tobacco users
Secondhand smoke
Environmental tobacco smoke
Mainstream smoke
Exhaled through smokers lungs
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Results in gradual loss in lung function
5 Years After Quitting
Risk of developing lung cancer dramatically decreases.
Tobacco has a major influence in developing certain cancers
Scientists estimate that 87 percent of deaths caused by lung cancer are related to smoking. Tobacco use is also associated with oral cancers, or cancers of the mouth, throat, and tongue.
2 Days After Quitting
Smell and taste improves.
Mainstream Smoking
Smoke exhaled into the air from the smoker.
Cigarettes, Cigars, & Pipes
Tobacco is inhaled.
How can tobacco products be used?
Tobacco products can be smoked/inhaled or chewed.
Smokeless Tobacco
Tobacco that is chewed or sniffed through the nose.
The long-term health risks of tobacco use and secondhand smoke
Increase risk of developing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and several different kinds of cancers
Mainstream Smoke-
Is exhaled from a smokers lung
Sidestream Smoke
Is smoke that goes into the air directly from the cigarette (worst)
secondhand smoke
Is the combination of mainstream smoke and side stream smoke also known as environmental tobacco smoke
respiratory benefits
cilia lining air passages regain normal function; breathing becomes easier
Using tobacco is a _______ choice.
conscious
cardiovascular disease
diseases of the heart and blood vessels that kill 138,000 smokers in the US every year
mainstream smoke
exhaled from a smoker's lungs
health benefits of quitting tobacco use being
immediately and continue throughout life
two most harmful substances in tobacco smoke, in addition to nicotine
tar and carbon monoxide
nicotine
the insecticide produced by tobacco that is very addictive
What are some common household chemicals used in a tobacco mixture?
Acetone, ammonia, and butane.
Chronic bronchitis
Airways are always inflamed
1-9 Months After Quitting
All oral symptoms (cough, sinus, etc) decrease, cilia regrow, energy increases.
what are the benefits of quitting tobacco use
Benefits begin immediately and continue through life.
What are the three most harmful substances in tobacco smoke?
Nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide.
Bad Breath
People who begin smoking at a young age develop bad breath within the first few times they smoke a cigarette.
Pneumonia
Smoking can cause pneumonia which is an inflammation of the linings of the lungs. It results in the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, a persistent cough and difficulty breathing. The accumulation of fluid can foster bacterial growth, bringing down the smokers' immunity.
Persistent Cough
Smoking causes paralysis of the hair present in lungs (known as the cilia). These hairs are responsible for clearing the lungs of the harmful agents or substances that find their way in to the lungs during the breathing process. With the hair paralyzed, the smokers are forced to cough in order to remove the harmful products that he or she has been inhaling.
Chronic Bronchitis-
The airways are constantly inflamed
Tar
The dark, sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns
Chewing Tobacco
Whole tobacco leave mixed with molasses/honey placed between the cheek and gums
cardiovascular benefits
blood pressure lowers and heart rate returns to normal; circulation improves and the risk of heart disease and stroke decreases
_________ also benefits every time a tobacco user quits
society
Nicotine Substitute-
A product that contains nicotine, but not other harmful chemicals found in tobacco
Circulatory Issues
A smoker is also susceptible to a number of other effects which can start occurring as soon as he starts smoking. These effects are most likely to include a feeling of dizziness, a rapid increase in the skin temperature of fingers and toes, frequent hand tremors, a decrease in the flow and supply of blood and oxygen in the body and deposition of harmful substances like cholesterol and fats in the arteries and veins.
Ulcer
A smoker is more likely to develop an ulcer in his or her stomach, small intestine and esophagus because of the presence of extra acid which is not completely neutralized.
20 Minutes After Quitting
Blood pressure and pulse return to normal. Bldy temperature is normal.
3 Days After Quitting
Bronchial tubes relax, lung capacity increases.
How does tobacco effect the respiratory system?
By irritating the airway and causing a persistent cough.
1. What are three long term health risks related to smoking?
Cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases
3. Identify three risks associated with exposure to secondhand smoke.
Cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases the same risks associated with smoking
10 Years After Quitting
Cancerous cells replaced.
8 Hours After Quitting
Carbon monoxide levels drop to normal. Oxygen increases to normal.
1 Day After Quitting
Chance of heart attack decreases.
What are tobacco products made from?
The dried leaves of the tobacco plant.
Sinusitis
The name given to the inflammation of the sinus. When a person starts smoking, the spaces in his or her skull known as the sinuses become inflamed because of the paralysis of the hair present in them.
chronic bronchitis
airways are constantly inflamed and mucus is over produced, making breathing difficult
people who use tobacco frequently being to rely on it for feelings of....
alertness and pleasure
tobacco raises
blood pressure, increases blood cholesterol levels, promotes atherosclerosis, and increases the blood's tendency to clot
once in the blood, nicotine travels to the.......
brain within seconds
nicotine affects....
breathing, movement, learning, memory, mood, and appetite
other cancers
cancers of the esophagus, larynx, stomach, pancreas, kidney, bladder, and blood
What type of chemicals does tar contain?
carcinogens or cancer causing agents
long-term exposure to secondhand smoke can cause
cardiovascular disease, many respiratory problems, and cancer
oral cancer
caused by smoking and smokeless tobacco, cancers of the mouth, tongue, and throat, survival rate is high but surgery can be disfiguring
lung cancer
caused by smoking, successful treatment is unlikely
nicotine withdrawal
causes headaches, irritability, difficulty sleeping, inability to concentrate, and intense nicotine cravings
stimulants
drugs that increase the activity of the nervous system
What 3 factors greatly influence someone to start using tobacco?
friends, family, media
psychological benefits
increased confidence; regain control over their lives
major short term affects of nicotine
increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and changes in the brain that may lead to addiction
tobacco is a major cause of the following cancers:
lung, oral, and others
nicotine enters the blood through the...
lungs or lining of the mouth or nose
as tolerance to nicotine increases, .....
nicotine addiction develops
COPD treatments
quitting smoking prevents symptoms from getting worse, treatments relieve symptoms and slow the progression of the disease such as medications that open airways, breathing exercises, oxygen treatments, and lung transplants
effects of carbon monoxide
red blood cells carry less oxygen than needed, and breathing and heart rate increases
with every dose of tobacco, users increase their risk of developing......
respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disease, and several different forms of cancer
sticking to your decision not to use tobacco involves being able to
say no clearly and with confidence
nicotine is a type of drug called a....
stimulant
the most important factor in successfully quitting tobacco is a
strong personal commitment
Quitting Smoking
-Blood pressure and pulse return to normal after 20 minutes of smoking a cigarette. -After 8 hours, carbon monoxide levels in the blood drop. -A chance of heart attack decreases after one day. -Within 2 weeks to three months, lung function increases by 30%.
Long Term Health Risks
-Chronic Bronchitis -Emphysema -Constructive Pulmonary Disease -Chronic respiratory illnesses are more common in smokers -Cancer -Leukoplakia -Cardiovacular Disease -A smoker is 3 times more likely to suffer a heart attack than a nonsmoker -A heart attack is 5 to 10 times more likely to kill a smoker than a nonsmoker
3 Short term effects of tar
-Paralysis of cilia lining the airways -Increased number of respiratory infections -Impaired lung function
Short Term Health Risks
-Rapid addiction -Increased stress -Altered brain chemistry -Irritated air passages -Persistent cough -Constricted blood vessels -Increased heart rate and blood pressure -Heartburn and reflux -Ulcers -Oral/dental problems -Bad breath -Sinusitis -Pneumonia -Circulatory issues -Harm to others (2nd hand smoke) -Careless smoking=house fires
Nicotine
-The chemical produced by the tobacco plant that has a drug effect on the body -It is a naturally produced insecticide that protects the tobacco plant -The stimulant drug produced by tobacco -It can act as a poison when in high quantities -Long term exposure has serious long term health effects -It is a highly addictive stimulant due to the way it impacts the neurotransmitters of the brain
What is in tobacco?
-With each puff on a cigarette, cigar or pipe a smoker inhales over 4,000 different chemicals. -Of these 4,000 chemicals at least 1,000 are known to be dangerous - Along with these chemicals are two harmful substances tar and carbon monoxide
Cardiovacular Diseases
Diseases of the heart and blood vessels, kill over 140,000 tobacco users in the United States each year. -A smoker is three times more likely to suffer a heart attack than is a non-smoker -A heart attack is five to ten times more likely to kill a smoker than a non-smoker. -Chemicals are forcing the heart to work harder to get oxygenated blood throughout your body. Studies have shown that these chemicals promote the build up of fatty material in your blood vessels than can result blocked or broken blood vessel than can result in heart attacks. If this occurs in a blood vessel in the brain, then a stroke may occur.
Tobacco causes an impaired cardiovascular system. What does this impaired cardiovascular system consist of?
It consists of constricted blood vessels, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure.
2 Weeks-3 Months After Quitting
Lung function increases by 30%, walking is easier.
Irritable Airway
Smoking irritates the airways of the respiratory system which causes the airways to constrict making it difficult for a person to breathe.
Oral and Dental Problems
Smoking is bad for teeth as well. The bacteria that enter the mouth as part of the cigarette smoke are extremely harmful for the teeth and hasten the process of tooth decay and even causes yellowing of teeth as well.
Constricted Blood Vessels
Smoking is believed to be responsible for decreasing the content of nitric oxide in the body which results in the constriction of blood vessels. This condition known as vasoconstriction leaves the smoker vulnerable to stroke and heart attack especially if he suffers from sickle cell disease or is a patient of atherosclerosis.
Increased Blood Pressure
When a person starts smoking, his heart begins to pump blood faster than it is supposed to. This happens because the nicotine present in the cigarettes stimulates the heart to work harder than usual. This is why smokers generally have a high heart rate in comparison to non-smokers. With the heart being asked to work harder than it is capable of working, the chances of an early heart attack or stroke increase considerably.
tobacco
a plant that naturally produces nicotine, a very addictive chemical
Carbon Monoxide
a poisonous, odorless, colorless gas produced when tobacco is burned.
nicotine substitute
a product that contains nicotine, but not the other harmful chemicals found in tobacco, used by those trying to quit to reduce withdrawal symptoms
What is the most important factor for successfully quitting tobacco use
a strong personal commitment