Health unit 4

Oral cancer

Continuous chewing of tobacco causes the formation of thick, white, leathery spots in the mouth that can develop into oral cancer.

Detoxification:

Detoxification programs take place in hospitals and involve gradual but complete withdrawal from the drug under medical supervision. These programs also provide people with counseling.

Emphysema

Disease that affects the tiny air sacs in the lungs that are responsible for absorption of oxygen. It makes the air sacs less elastic, thus reducing their ability to absorb oxygen. People suffering from emphysema use a great deal of their energy just to breathe.

DWI

Driving while intoxicated is a punishable crime. BAC above 0.08

Therapeutic Community:

Former drug abusers live together and adjust to drug-free lives in a residential facility. These communities provide both medical supervision and counseling. In most cases, people are required to undergo detoxification before they can join.

factors that often lead people to begin using tobacco

Friends - peer pressure - start in teen years Family - follow parent example Media - glamorize smoking

Joe moved to a new town and was having a hard time making friends. Recently he met some people he really liked at a party. They started smoking marijuana and offered him some. He smoked the marijuana, even though he didn't want to. What should Joe do the next time this happens in order to stay drug free?

He should say "no" clearly and firmly state that he doesn't do drugs. If they pressure him, he should leave the scene.

Definition of substance abuse.

It includes using any addictive substance—including tobacco—that is not prescribed, using any illegal drug, using alcohol inappropriately, and misusing legal over-the-counter or prescribed medication.

Marijuana is one of the most widely used illegal drugs. It comes from the cannabis plant, whose leaves, buds, and flowers are smoked for intoxicating effects. Which of the following statements about marijuana is false?

Marijuana can cause females to have an excess of female hormones.

Which current illegal drug was legal during the 19th century?

Morphine (an opiate)

Heart disease:

Nicotine contracts the blood vessels, which in turn reduces circulation. This leads to the buildup of plaque in the blood vessels, which results in hardened arteries or arteriosclerosis. Clogged arteries reduce the flow of blood to the heart, thus increasing the risk of a heart attack or stroke.

What is the cycle of nicotine?

stimulates the central nervous system, causing a sudden release of dopamine = feeling of pleasure. feeling is short-lived and depression and fatigue soon replaced it. - causing craving for more.

Anabolic steroids are

synthetic versions of the male hormone testosterone. Physicians prescribe these drugs in small quantities to treat problems related to hormone deficiency, growth disorders, muscular disorders, or anemia

cigarette smoke is toxic due to...

tar and carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke

Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

the amount of alcohol circulating in a person's blood, measured in grams per deciliter of blood

Peer pressure

the influence of your friends and classmates on your behavior—may be an important factor in your decision making.

The warning signs for substance abuse vary. For example,

tobacco users will not exhibit the same signs as amphetamine users. Still, we can identify several likely signs of some form of substance abuse. Because early detection eases the process of quitting, recognizing these signs in your friends or family—or yourself—can help abusers get help.

When can dietary supplements harm the body?

when we take large doses of a particular nutrient in the supplement

Abstaining from Tobacco

will lower your risk of developing a number of diseases throughout your life

Which current legal drug used to be illegal during the 1920's?

alcohol - because it can be addicting for many people

a drug is

any substance that, when taken, alters the normal functioning of the body, often both physically and psychologically.

Carbon monoxide damages the

blood- replaces the oxygen present in blood. It increases the user's risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, and hardening of arteries

Dopamine

chemical released from nicotine that stimulates the central nervous system to feel pleasure or happiness

herbal supplements are

chemical substances made from plants.

Tobacco products come in the form of

cigarettes cigars pipes snuff (chewing tobacco)

alcohol overdose causes.

coma or death by stopping the heart and breathing. caused by binge drinking, or consuming excessive amounts of alcohol at a single sitting

The interstate swimming competition is a month away and Jamie wants to build up his body and stamina for the competition. Which is the best way to do this?

concentrate on his competition and adopt an appropriate training strategies to get the best results

Chronic Bronchitis

destroyed cilia in the bronchi causing buildup of tar in the lungs leading to chronic coughing and excessive mucus secretion

Tobacco products are made from ...

dried and processed tobacco leaves

Use of illegal drugs or using drugs for nonmedical purposes is

drug abuse

Chemical substances that are manufactured, sold, purchased, or possessed outside the law are called

illegal drugs, or street drugs

Which is an effect of steroid abuse?

increased feelings of violence and aggression

One disadvantage of taking dietary supplements

is that natural foods have nutritional advantages that far exceed those of dietary supplements.

anabolic steroid effects

make a person look strong, but leave them physically weak in the long run and weakens their immune systems. may develop mental health problems such as mood swings and paranoia

Medicines that fight pathogens:

Also called antibiotics, these medicines kill disease-causing micro-organisms (or pathogens) without harming your body. Penicillin and tetracycline are examples of antibiotics.

Medicines that relieve pain:

Also known as analgesics, these medicines range from mild over-the-counter drugs such as aspirin to strong opium-based pain relievers like morphine.

examples of shortcuts people take for immediate benefit that can harm their bodies in the long run—or even immediately

Anabolic steroids and dietary supplements

Lung Cancer

As excessive tobacco usage destroys cilia in the bronchi, they cannot expel the excess mucus produced. This results in the development of cancerous cells in the bronchi that then spread to the lungs, causing lung cancer.

herbal supplements lack the range of essential nutrients found in fruits, vegetables, and grains

True

True

True or False - People used to be able to smoke anywhere: movies, airplanes, restaurants, and work.

Tar is

a thick, dark, sticky fluid produced when tobacco burns

Consequences of misuse of steroids

greater likelihood of cardiovascular diseases, cancer of the kidney or liver, and other liver-related problems. - can also cause sexual underdevelopment or dysfunction. - can alter masculine and feminine traits - decrease their ability to perform - can stunt growth - can bring on early puberty - lead to mental problems - Failing a drug test because of steroid use can lead to expulsion from a sport and even jail time

nicotine addition withdrawal symptoms

irritability depression headaches increased hunger reduced ability to concentrate

How alcohol affects the body.

is a depressant lows down the brain reduces concentration reduces of coordination slows reflexes can damage the liver.

Medicines can be of two kinds:

prescription drugs or over-the-counter drugs.

Medical professionals sometimes recommend supplements:

-calcium supplements for vegans or lactose-intolerant people - iron supplements for people suffering from anemia - vitamin and mineral supplements for pregnant or nursing women, older adults, people undergoing certain medical treatments, and people recovering from certain illnesses

can medicines be combined?

The combination can sometimes work well and boost the effect of each medication. But taking the wrong combination can cause serious harm.

Rate of alcohol consumption

The liver generally breaks down, or metabolizes, alcohol at the rate of one ounce per hour. BAC increases as consumption increases in smaller time frame.

increases, addiction

With constant use, a person's tolerance for nicotine ___________, which leads to _________________

Prescription Drugs:

You can buy these drugs at a pharmacy only after showing a prescription from a doctor. They are strictly regulated because they can be harmful and should be taken only if your doctor recommends them. Antibiotics are one example of prescription drugs.

Over-the-Counter Drugs:

You can legally buy these drugs in a store or a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription. Examples of over-the-counter drugs include pain relievers such as aspirin, cold and cough remedies, and a few sleep aids.

Carbon monoxide is

an odorless, colorless, and poisonous gas present in cigarette smoke

Risk of over consuming prescribed drugs

very likely to harm a person both physically and mentally, just as with illegal drugs, can cause death

Alcohol is

a powerful and addictive drug made by fermenting fruits, vegetables, or grains into the substance ethanol, or alcohol. Alcoholic drinks—beer, wine, and liquors such as vodka or whiskey—are made by mixing ethanol with water, some flavoring, and minerals.

examples of medicines that promote health

- Allergy medicines help control allergic reactions. - Body-regulating medicines help maintain body chemistry. Insulin used by diabetics, inhalers used by asthma patients, and blood pressure-regulating medicines belong to this group. - Antidepressents help normalize brain chemistry. These medicines include mood stabilizers used to treat schizophrenia and depression. - Cancer treatment medicines help prevent cancer cells from spreading by stopping rapid growth of cells.

Short-term Consequences of Tobacco Usage

- Altered respiration and heart rate - Reduced appetite and dulled taste buds - Changes in brain chemistry - Even a 30-minute abstinence from the drug can induce withdrawal - Bad breath and smelly hair, clothes, and skin

Two of the most serious and immediate effects of alcohol consumption are __________ and ___________

- motor vehicle crashes - overdose

peer pressure can...

- often be negative, encouraging you to act in a way you normally would not. - can be positive too, if it encourages you to make healthy choices. Peer pressure can be spoken or unspoken.

Driving drunk ....

puts not only the drinker's life in danger but also the lives of others. 40% of all accidents are caused by alcohol

Harmful Effects of Drug Abuse

- overdosing - increasing the risk of contracting diseases such as HIV and hepatitis B through infected needles. - distort reasoning and judgment, causing users to lose control over their behavior. - severely strain your relationships with family and friends. - risk being expelled from school or dropped from sports teams they may belong to. - trouble with the law and give you a permanent criminal record.

A few common types of spoken peer pressure are:

- put down: insulting people to get them to do something they would rather not do - rejection: threatening to end a friendship if a person doesn't do something - reasoning: giving convincing (but often flawed) reasons to do something

Tar damages the

- respiratory system (air sacs and reduces their capacity to absorb oxygen) - lungs, making them more susceptible to diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, emphysema, and cancer

Your friends who have a positive influence are more likely to do the following:

- stop you from engaging in substance abuse in order to relieve stress - prevent you from being talked into trying drugs, alcohol, or tobacco by others - provide you with a strong support structure, taking away your need to fit in

Inhalants:

(substances that are sniffed or inhaled by some people to achieve a high. The inhalant goes directly to the brain, killing brain cells and causing serious damage. Commonly sniffed substances include glue, paint, varnishes, and aerosols)

Medicines can work together in three ways:

- Additive interaction happens when two medicines work together in a positive way without causing any harm. - Synergistic interaction occurs when one medicine boosts the effect of the other, which could be either good or bad for you depending on the combination taken. - Antagonistic interaction occurs when the effect of one medicine is reduced or cancelled by another one you might be taking.

examples of illegal drugs

(acronym - MOCIBAH) marijuana cocaine opiates amphetamines barbiturates hallucinogens inhalants

Designer drugs:

(artificially created substances, can be several hundred times stronger than other drugs. commonly known as ecstasy, which is designed to mimic the effects of both hallucinogens and stimulants. Ecstasy can cause depression, paranoia, and long-term damage to brain cells. Overdoses are common and can lead to paralysis and irreversible brain damage. )

Marijuana:

(leaves, stems, and flowers of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, most common teen drug, changes the way the brain receives and processes information. Effects include distorted perception, short-term memory loss, loss of motor coordination, increased heart rate, and paranoia)

Opiates

(made from poppy seeds. examples: morphine and codeine are used to relieve severe pain, can lead to dependence and addiction)

Hallucinogens:

(overload the brain with sensory information, altering mood, thoughts, and senses such as sight, sound, smell, and touch. extremely dangerous because effects are unpredictable)

Barbiturates

(sedate a person, show lower reaction rates and slurred speech, withdrawal can result in death)

Central nervous system depressants

(slow CNS, prescribed for sleep disorders or anxiety, harms your mental, physical health)

Stimulants

(speed up CNS. increase heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and alertness levels)

Common Stimulants

- Amphetamines (prescription drugs produce a feeling of well-being and to increase energy until it wears off, leaving the user depressed) - Methamphetamine (more powerful version of amphetamines. - meth, crank, crystal, or ice. when it wears off the user is left feeling confused, shaky, and paranoid. Long-term use may cause brain damage, strokes, and fatal convulsions) - Cocaine (dangerous and highly addictive, can be sniffed, smoked, or injected directly into the bloodstream - when worn off experience severe depression. Even a small amount of cocaine can cause an overdose that may result in seizures or heart or respiratory failure. Crack is the strongest form of cocaine and is highly dangerous.

commonly abused illegal drugs

- Barbiturates - Central nervous system depressants - Opiates - Stimulants - Hallucinogens - Marijuana - Designer drugs - Inhalants

Here are some effective strategies for saying no:

- Be assertive but not aggressive. - Make eye contact with the person pressuring you. - State your reason for saying no, such as, "No thanks, but I don't drink." - Don't make excuses or suggest that you don't really mean it by saying things such as, "Maybe some other time." - Act confident so you will be taken seriously. - Don't try to change the subject. - If they still persist, just walk away from the scene.

tips for abstaining from tobacco:

- Be confident and say no clearly. - you can state your reasons for not smoking, such as, "No thanks, I'm a runner and smoking will make that harder." - don't assume that you can smoke a few cigarettes just to try it and then stop. - always remember, people who start smoking in their teens always find it more difficult to quit than those who started smoking as adults.

Long term effects of alcohol consumption

- Brain Damage (destroys nerve cells, impaired memory, reduced concentration, and inability to make judgments - teenagers most risk for damage). - Liver Damage (cause a buildup of fat in the liver, reducing the flow of blood to this vital organ. The cells in the liver eventually die, causing a disease known as cirrhosis. Cirrhosis often leads to liver failure and eventually death.) - Heart Disease (leading causes of death in the United States, increases blood pressure and heart rate, causes irregular heartbeat and a buildup of fat in the heart muscles) - Digestive Problems (irritation of digestive tract can result in cancers of the mouth, esophagus, tongue, and stomach and can cause recurring diarrhea, chronic indigestion, heartburn, and ulcers) - Fetal alcohol syndrome (drinking during pregnancy causes fetus to suffer from heart defects, deformed faces, delayed growth, poor motor development, and mental retardation)

Long-term Consequences of Tobacco Usage

- Chronic bronchitis - Emphysema - Lung cancer - Oral cancer - Heart Disease

because medicine can have side effects keep these rules in mind

- Don't take another person's medicine. - Don't take a larger or smaller dose than prescribed. - Don't discontinue a medicine before the time stated on the prescription.

some factors in your life that might make you more susceptible to peer pressure and substance abuse...

- Low self-esteem: Teens who do not have a healthy opinion about themselves are more likely to go with the crowd or be easily swayed by others' opinions. - Family background: Someone from a caring, supportive family is more likely to have high self-esteem. Teens from uncaring families are more likely to engage in destructive behavior or to be drawn toward those who engage in destructive behavior. - Media images: You must have seen many advertisements for alcohol showing images of happy, attractive people drinking in social situations. Many teens are swayed by this portrayal of alcohol in the media and think that drinking will make them more popular. Images of actors and rock stars doing drugs, drinking, or smoking have the same effect.

tips to help you beat that nicotine craving:

- Make a list of all the reasons you decided to quit and keep it near you. - Throw away all tobacco products and paraphernalia you have such as ashtrays, lighters, etc. - Tell your family and friends that you've quit so they can support you. - Meet up with friends, exercise, join a club, or engage in an extracurricular activity to take your mind off your nicotine craving. - Avoid being around people who use tobacco products.

Here are a few tips for reaching the goal of living tobacco free:

- Make a list of reasons you want to quit and keep it handy. - Throw away loose tobacco and all tobacco-based products such as cigarettes and pipes. - Also, get rid of things such as ashtrays that may remind you of smoking. - Tell your family and friends that you've decided to quit, so they can support you during the process. - Stay away from people using tobacco-based products. - Engage in physical activities of your choice, like a sport, to take your mind off the drug. - Use the money you save to reward yourself for your determination.

Here are some strategies for resisting unspoken peer pressure.

- Make new friends. find others whose values are similar to your own. - Build your self-esteem. It's a fact: people with high self-esteem are less likely to be swayed by what others are saying. - Learn to see through the media. See an advertisement for what it is—something purposefully designed to make you buy a product. - Seek out friends with healthy habits. - Avoid places where substance abuse may occur. Avoid going to parties or other social situations where you think alcohol or drugs may be present. This will save you from feeling pressured. - Remember that NOT everybody's doing it. Statistics show that more than 50 percent of American teenagers have never tried marijuana. - Find fun things to do. Take the initiative and suggest things to do with your friends.

Major kinds of medicines

- Medicines that fight pathogens: - Medicines that prevent disease: - Medicines that relieve pain: - Medicines that promote health:

Common Hallucinogens

- PCP (distorted sense of time and space, increased muscular strength, and inability to feel pain. Overdose is fatal) - LSD (causes severe hallucinations. High doses can cause heart failure, convulsions, coma, lung failure, and death)

A drinker's BAC depends on various factors

- Rate of consumption - faster, higher BAC - Gender - female higher BAC due to higher ratio of water to fat per pound of body weight - Body size - smaller body, higher BAC - Amount of food in the stomach - less food, higher BAC - Drinks Alcohol content - higher content, higher BAC with less consumption

personal strategies for choosing to be drug free...

- Say a clear and confident no. If the other person persists, leave the scene. - Try to avoid people who use drugs or social situations where you know drugs might be present. - Do not try drugs just to get your friends to accept you. Your real friends will never try to pressure you into something you don't want to do. - Do not resort to drugs to ease stress or unhappiness. - If you feel stressed for any reason and are unable to cope, speak to a guidance counselor or another adult you can trust. - Try activities that make you feel good as an alternative to drugs. You could exercise or volunteer, or join a club. Anything you enjoy will do.

Here are some ways you can help friends or family trying to quit tobacco:

- Show you care. - Help them make a plan to quit or set a date to quit. - Plan some physical activities with them to take their mind off tobacco. - Buy them nicotine substitutes to encourage them to quit. - Appreciate their success. Let them know how proud you are of their effort. You can celebrate a week of abstinence or reward them with a small gift.

Strategies for Avoiding Supplements and Steroids

- Stay healthy by eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly. - Rely on natural foods instead of dietary supplements for essential nutrients. - If you do need to take dietary supplements, study the label to check the product's active and inactive ingredients and how much it recommends you take.

Here are some ways that you could help a friend (IE: Jackie) be aware of her drug problem

- Tell Jackie that she is concerned for her. - Make Jackie realize that her drug abuse is a problem by giving examples of her behavior when she was under the influence. - While speaking to Jackie, do not be aggressive or criticize her. - Make it clear that she has problems with Jackie's behavior and not with her. - Make a list of people Jackie could talk to about her problems and offer to go with her. - If she thinks Jackie's drug abuse has or might become serious or life-threatening, tell an experienced adult or a health care professional.

tips for drinking responsibly:

- Understand the dangers of binge drinking. - Don't respond to any bets or dares that require you to binge drink. - Do not drink and drive. - Do not mix alcohol with any prescription medicines you might be taking. - Know your limit and stop drinking if you feel yourself losing control.

how Alcohol effects the body

- acts as a depressant - slows down the normal functioning of the nervous system. - slows reactions and blurring vision. - causes confusion - poor coordination - drowsiness. - large quantities affects the vital organs of the body.

Dietary supplements risks

- are NOT monitored by the government for effectiveness and safety before they reach the market - manufacturers themselves, who are far from objective, are responsible for checking the quality and safety of their own products. - because the word natural is often associated with dietary supplements, we tend to be overconfident of their safety. - is taking megadoses, often on the assumption that they're harmless because they're natural - can cause toxicity in the body

Quitting tobacco lets a person reap the following benefits.

- cardiovascular benefits: Soon after addicts stop using tobacco, their heart rate returns to normal and their blood pressure is reduced. With time, circulation improves and the risk of heart disease or a stroke becomes similar to that of nonsmokers. - respiratory benefits: The regrowth of destroyed cilia in the air passages reduces the chance of infection. Breathing becomes easier because the lungs become free of tar, excess mucus, and other debris. After about five years, the risk of cancers of the lungs, throat, and esophagus is also reduced by almost 50 percent. - psychological benefits: After overcoming an addiction, people experience an increased sense of confidence. They also feel more control over their lives.

Last Stage of Alcoholism

- deteriorating mental, emotional, and physical health. - serious health problems such as malnutrition, liver and brain damage, cancer, and heart disease.

variety of treatment options to deal with addition

- detoxification programs - therapeutic communities - supervised drug replacement therapy

Drinking problem means

- drinking when upset or angry - lying about the amount of alcohol one consumes - losing sense of time while drinking - letting grades slip because of drinking - getting into trouble when drunk.

Alcohol Dependence

- emotionally dependent - integral part of the drinker's life - absence of it can irritate or agitate the drinker - cannot stop at one drink - feels a constant need to drink

Factors contributing to drug abuse by teens

- family (unsupportive and poor role models) - peers (to be accepted by their friends and to fit in) - Glamorization of drugs (media shows it as cool) - Competitive pressure (desire to excel at sports and athletics)

Unspoken peer pressure might be ....

- harder to notice. - might feel you need to act a certain way to fit in and be accepted by friends or people you think are "cool." - no one tells you directly what to do. Rather, you have an idea about how other people will judge you.

Health risk effects of nicotine use

- increased heart rate - higher blood pressure - increased risk of blood clots - slower reflexes - decreased muscle action of the lungs - difficulty breathing

The negative effects of being drunk

- increased heart rate and blood pressure - slowing of brain activity - increased urine production - vomiting - sluggish reflexes - impaired sensations and perception.

Health risks for smokeless tobacco

- irritation in the mouth - thick, leathery white spots, called leukoplakia, in the mouth. - high risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, stomach, and pancreas.

side effects of aspirin

- it prevents blood from clotting - can cause liver or brain damage in people under 20. - can cause stomach pain if it is taken on an empty stomach. - can even lead to asthma in some cases.

Tobacco use Social consequences

- less smoking, so smokers are more isolated - legal consequences - under age 18 is illegal. - unnecessary waste of money

Penalties for DWI...

- losing one's driver's license - paying a large fine - going to jail.

Emotional and Behavioral Signs of substance abuse

- sudden mood swings - change in personality—such as an energetic person becoming depressed and uncommunicative - change in dress habits—lack of interest in personal appearance and hygiene - low self-esteem - defensiveness—blaming others for personal actions or claiming to be victimized exaggerated emotions - lack of self-discipline—inability to follow rules or complete household chores or school assignments - anxiousness - reduced interest in studies and other activities drop in grades - sudden secretive nature or behavior - withdrawal from old friends and family - strained relationships with friends and family

Physical Signs of substance abuse

- sudden weight loss or weight gain - change in eating habits—often a big increase or decrease in appetite - fatigue - change in sleeping pattern—such as sleeping for unnaturally long times or at odd hours - dilated pupils and bloodshot eyes - frequent colds, sore throats, and coughing - nausea and vomiting - change in speech—slurred, slower, or faster speech - poor physical coordination

How tobacco affects the body.

- the most addictive of all drugs (nicotine) - stimulates the central nervous system - induces immediate feelings of happiness - increases the risk of lung cancer, respiratory or bronchial disorders, and cardiovascular disorders.

Look at the three drugs labeled A, B, and C. Choose the list below that correctly identifies the three drugs by their type. A: amphetamine B: LSD C: ecstasy

A: stimulant B: hallucinogen C: both stimulant and hallucinogen

A hangover

After drinking too much, a person may wake up the next day with nausea, a headache, a stomachache, and sensitivity to noise

Why are drugs illegal?

Because they carry the risk of addiction and serious physical and mental damage from prolonged inappropriate use, and using them inappropriately can cause significant harm

alcoholism

Physical and emotional dependence on alcohol , a progressive degenerative disease that can develop over many years. The addictive process is similar to that of tobacco. As a person drinks more and more, his or her tolerance for alcohol increases, which leads to a greater craving for it.

Types of alcoholic beverages also vary by their alcohol concentration, causing differences in BAC.

So whether a person drinks 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.25 ounces of whiskey, he or she will take in the same amount of alcohol

Stages of Alcoholism

Stage 1: Drinking problem Stage 2: Dependence Stage 3: Last, medical issues

Medicines that prevent disease:

These medicines come in two forms: vaccines and antitoxins. Both stimulate the body's immune response to make disease-fighting molecules called antibodies for a specific pathogen. The antibodies give your body long-lasting resistance to that specific disease.

Medicines that promote health:

These medicines restore health and help many people with chronic diseases lead almost normal lives.

How do anabolic steroids make a person prone to injuries?

They strengthen muscles but not ligaments or tendons, weakening the muscle support system.

Supervised Drug Replacement Therapy:

This medically supervised treatment replaces the abused drug with another one that produces similar effects in the body without giving a "high." The dosage of the replacement drug is gradually lowered.

A dietary supplement is

a nonfood source of nutrients. Vitamins, minerals, fiber, and protein taken in powder, liquid, capsule, or pill form are all supplements.

A blackout

a period of time that the user does not recall. He or she may do and say things and not remember them the next day. Can happen to both regular and first-time drinkers

Which is the best definition of a dietary supplement?

a pill, liquid or powder that is not a food item and contain some nutrients

Ephedra is an

example of a supplement that went bad...it was used as a weight-loss and energy-boosting supplement. The FDA banned it after several cases of high blood pressure, heart attacks, and even death were directly linked to its use.

People, including teens, who take steroids and dietary supplements usually do so because of _____ _____ and _____ ______

peer pressure and media influence.