Healthy Living Midterm

Fertility awareness methods of birth control include all of the following EXCEPT abstinence. the body temperature method. the calendar method. the cervical mucus method.

abstinence

An ongoing state of physiological arousal in response to stressors is known as acute stress. traumatic stress. acute episodic stress. chronic stress.

chronic stress

During her pregnancy, Emily should avoid all of the following EXCEPT pesticides and other lawn chemicals. cleaning her cat's litter box. drinking tap water. x-rays.

drinking tap water

Health and wellness are best described as dynamic. determined by genes. determined by the environment. static.

dynamic

A disabled person can never achieve the highest level of wellness. true. false.

false

Atheists cannot effectively practice mindfulness. true. false.

false

One in four new mothers experience postpartum depression. true. false.

false (one in seven)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is highly treatable. a type of personality disorder. diagnosed in about 5 percent of American adults. essentially the same as being a perfectionist

highly treatable

The typical-use failure rate for a contraception method takes into account which of the following? daily use perfect use familiarity with the method human error

human error

Which of the following is NOT an indicator that a person's sympathetic nervous system has been activated? increased salivation increased respiration increased blood pressure increased heart rate

increased salivation

Postpartum depression is characterized by lack of energy, depression, and mood swings. is caused by the nutritional demands of breast-feeding. frequently occurs just before childbirth. can lead to bipolar disorder.

is characterized by lack of energy, depression, and mood swings

Beth works part-time as a waitress and receives no health insurance benefits from her employer. She purchased insurance under the Affordable Care Act, but the policy has a $5,000 annual deductible. Beth is overinsured. is uninsured. is likely to delay care that she needs. has equitable access to health services.

is likely to delay care that she needs

Observing a friend's successful attempt to quit smoking and trying some of the same tactics to quit yourself is an example modeling. envy. conforming. shaping.

modeling

Vivienne is seven years old. Her parents fail to send her to school and do not homeschool her. This is an example of family discipline. neglect. physical abuse. domestic violence.

neglect

A network of people and services with which we share ties and which provide support is social support. psychological support. community support. emotional support.

social support

A fetus is the term used to describe a conception as of the first month of pregnancy. 10 weeks of pregnancy. the third month of pregnancy. 6 weeks of pregnancy.

the third month of pregnancy

Noor just found out that she is pregnant. Noor will need to gain about 10-15 pounds during pregnancy, and about 20-25 pounds if they are carrying twins. to consume about 300 additional calories a day. to refrain from alcohol consumption after the first trimester of pregnancy. to avoid consuming foods high in iron.

to consume about 300 additional calories a day

The positive aspects of a person's life, such being satisfied with life in general and having positive emotions, determines one's sense of change. health. well-being. progress.

well-being

Major public health achievements of the twentieth century include pharmaceutical products. lower birth rates. workplace safety. mental health counseling.

workplace safety

A birth defect caused by the mother's alcohol intake during pregnancy is FAS. rubella. Down syndrome. spina bifida.

FAS (fetal alcohol syndrom)

Which of the following is TRUE about intimate partner violence? Intimate partner violence includes violence between parent and child. Battered woman syndrome is considered to be a type of generalized anxiety disorder. Victims of intimate partner violence commonly report the crime. Homicide by a current or former intimate partner is the leading cause of death among pregnant women in the United States.

Homicide by a current or former intimate partner is the leading cause of death among pregnant women in the United States

Which of the following is TRUE about ethnoviolence and hate crimes? Ethnoviolence is always more brutal than hate crimes. Ethnoviolence is based on prejudice, but hate crimes are not. Hate crimes are based on prejudice, but ethnoviolence is not. Prejudice and discrimination are always at the base of hate crimes and ethnoviolence.

Prejudice and discrimination are always at the base of hate crimes and ethnoviolence

Which U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1973 gave women the legal right to an abortion? Smith v. Thomas Roe v. Wade Wade v. Thomas Roe v. Smith

Roe v. Wade

The acronym SMART stands for Serious, Measurable, Adaptable, Realistic, and Time-Oriented. true. false.

False (Specific, measurable, action-oriented/attainable, realistic, time-oriented)

Due to her job, Jessica sleeps 5 to 6 hours per night on weekends. Which of the following is the BEST strategy for her to resolve her sleep debt? She can sleep 12 hours on Monday nights. She can sleep 8 to 9 hours per night Monday through Friday. She can readjust her circadian rhythm by sleeping 5 to 6 hours every night. She can't make up for her lost sleep.

She can sleep 8 to 9 hours on Monday nights

Jane is sedentary and obese. What effect, if any, do these factors have on her health? They affect her health only if she has a family history of health problems related to obesity. They affect her physical and emotional health only. They affect her physical health only. They impede her progress toward high-level wellness.

They impact her progress toward high-level wellness

Which of the following is TRUE about the cycle of intimate partner violence? Women who have experienced the cycle more than once tend to develop battered woman syndrome. In the remorse/reconciliation phase, the batterer tries to teach the partner a lesson by inflicting severe pain. The cycle involves a tension-building phase during which the worst battering occurs. During the acute attack, the abuser typically harms him- or herself as well.

Women who have experiences the cycle more than once tend to develop battered woman syndrome

Avery and Gregory have agreed to adopt the newborn of a 16-year-old mother who has decided to relinquish her baby. The identity of the father is unknown, and Avery and Gregory have been given very little information about the birth mother except for essential health data. This is an example of an open adoption. a confidential adoption. foster parenting. an international adoption.

a confidential adoption

Jade is pregnant. During a regular medical check-up, her physician discusses alcohol consumption. The physician will likely advise that she limit her intake to one glass per day. have only an occasional glass of wine with dinner. limit her intake to two glasses per day. abstain from alcohol during pregnancy.

abstain from alcohol during pregnancy

Which phase of the cycle of violence includes physical acts intended to inflict pain? acute battering tension building remorse/reconciliation retaliation

acute battering

Cortisol is secreted by the thymus. pituitary gland. adrenal glands. thyroid gland.

adrenal glands

Rape that involves a stranger is classified as aggravated rape. sexual assault. simple rape. sexual harassment.

aggravated rape

Jason is frustrated because he has three projects due at the same time next week and he doesn't believe it's possible to get all three finished. His solution is to forget about the projects and meet up with friends for a night out. Jason has self-efficacy. an internal locus of control. self-confidence. an external locus of control.

an external locus of control (successes or failures result from external factors beyond their control, such as luck, fate, circumstance, injustice, bias, or teachers who are unfair, prejudiced, or unskilled)

Using electronic devices before bed may disrupt sleep patterns for all of the following reasons EXCEPT the beeping sounds they sometimes produce. blue light they give off. sleep-inducing hormone they suppress. increased alertness they can cause.

beeping sounds they sometimes produce

You have learned how to intentionally slow your heart rate to calm yourself during an exam. Which method are you using to manage stress? stress inoculation meditation downshifting biofeedback

biofeedback

Which of the following is a social contributor to sexual violence? blaming the victim overdramatization of the situation women sharing in the planning and cost of dates showing compassion for victims

blaming the victim

Paul studies mortality rates in infants of various ethnicities. He studies their illness rates. accident rates. chronic disease rates. death rates.

death rates

You have been a successful doctor of internal medicine for many years. You recently gave up your large practice in the city to join the staff of a small-town clinic where you will work four days a week. Which method are you using to manage stress? meditation biofeedback stress inoculation downshifting

downshifting

Actions you take to wash your sheets, clear clutter from your bedroom, and otherwise clean your sleeping area are collectively known as sleep hygiene. true. false.

false

Outercourse is 100 percent effective against STIs. true. false.

false

Seasonal affective disorder is much more common in the summer than in the winter. true. false.

false

Short-duration sleep lowers a person's risk for cardiovascular disease. true. false.

false

The majority of nighttime sleep is spent in REM sleep. true. false.

false

The sponge is inconvenient because it requires a trip to the doctor for fitting. true. false.

false

Emotional health can best be described as being able to think clearly, without emotional influence. adapt to various social situations. feel and express emotions appropriately. maintain satisfying interpersonal relationships.

feel and express emotions appropriately

To reduce the risk of her child having spina bifida, a pregnant woman should consume an adequate amount of which nutrient? vitamin D folic acid biotin vitamin B12

folic acid

Which of the following categories describes the small stressors, frustrations, and petty annoyances that collectively can add up to a higher level of stress? choices hassles adjustments pressures

hassles

Which change model was created to illustrate how firmly held ideas affect behavior change? shaping model transtheoretical model health belief model social cognitive model

health belief model

A growing risk of violent incidents on college campuses has caused colleges to respond by decreasing ways to notify students and faculty of immediate risk. implementing new prevention and emergency response strategies. doing more extensive background checks on students and faculty. enacting more restrictive admissions policies.

implementing new prevention and emergency response strategies

Chronic short sleep decreases tobacco use. decreases blood pressure. increases fertility. increases risk for stroke.

increases risk for stroke

Which of the following is TRUE about reactive aggression? It is most often an emotional reaction to frustrating life experiences. It is often related to substance abuse. It is a goal-directed, hostile form of self-assertion. It is defined as occasional or rare behavior.

it is most often an emotional reaction to frustrating life experiences

Which of the following has been recommended as a method for managing stress? engaging in demanding or competitive physical activity. practicing dichotomous thinking. using mind-altering drugs to induce a sense of peace. keeping a journal to track your stressors, worries, and options.

keeping a journal to track your stressors, worries, and options

A mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam would respond by getting angry at the professor. learning from the situation and improving study habits. drinking for distraction and to relieve tension. becoming withdrawn and avoiding friends.

learning from the situation and improving study habits

Which of the following circumstances can cause a miscarriage? maternal infection or hormone imbalance consuming a vegetarian diet too much caffeine having a strong cervix

maternal infection or hormone imbalance

Which health model views treating disease through medications and surgery as the surest way to improve health? social model medical model environmental model public health model

medical model

Treatment for schizophrenia includes hospitalization and a combination of psychotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy. medication and psychotherapy. light therapy and electroconvulsive therapy. medication and light therapy.

medication and psychotherapy

Makoto has a disability affecting his movement. Throughout high school, he has been rejected, teased, and bullied. Makoto has been experiencing homeostasis. minority stress. adaptive stress. transactional stress.

minority stress

Evan washes his hands more than 50 times a day because of an ongoing fixation on germs; he is most likely suffering from a phobia. post-traumatic stress disorder. schizophrenia. obsessive-compulsive disorder.

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Which of the following is NOT an example of a barrier method of birth control? condoms diaphragms oral contraceptives spermicides

oral contraceptives

The feeling that you are overextended and that it's not possible for you to meet all the demands being placed up on you is known as homeostasis. frustration. overload. pressure.

overload

To successfully change a behavior, a person must recognize that change is a(n) process that occurs in stages. isolated event. stressful situation. chance to wipe out past mistakes.

process that occurs in stages

The science that views negative health events as resulting from individuals' interactions with their physical or social environment is disease prevention. public health. medicine. immunology

public health

Jim was successful at meeting his exercise goal and rewarded himself by taking a three-day vacation at a golf resort. This is an example of a reinforcing behavior. covert behavior. negative behavior. manipulative behavior.

reinforcing behavior

A psychologically healthy person is athletic. introverted. cynical. resilient.

resilient

The process of taking small individual steps toward a behavior change goal is shaping. preparation. action. journaling.

shaping

Which of the following would NOT be considered a hate crime? burning a church for reasons of religious bias assaulting a person because of his sexual orientation shooting a bank employee during an armed robbery beating up a teenager because she is Hispanic

shooting a bank employee during an armed robbery

The sleep disorder in which breathing is interrupted many times during sleep is sleep inertia. sleep apnea. narcolepsy. insomnia.

sleep apnea

When you feel groggy and disoriented after a long nap, you are experiencing sleep inertia. narcolepsy. sleep apnea. insomnia

sleep inertia

Interpersonal therapy focuses on the therapist-patient relationship as a window into other relationship patterns. the impact of thoughts and ideas on feelings and behavior. the psychological roots of emotional problems. social roles and relationships.

social roles and relationships

Social and cultural factors that increase the likelihood of violence include all of the following EXCEPT poverty. social support. inadequate social services. political differences.

social support

The transition stage of birth is characterized by the baby's head moving into the birth canal. the placenta detaching from the uterus. the initial dilation of the cervix. the baby exiting from the birth canal.

the baby's head moving into the birth canal

A dysfunctional family is defined as a family in which A. one or both parents intentionally attempt to undermine children's sense of self-confidence. B. there is violence; physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; significant discord; or other negative family interactions. C. the physical or mental illness of one or more family members frequently overwhelms the family's capacity to cope. D. one or both parents engage in illicit drug use or other criminal behavior.

there is violence; physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; significant discord; or other negative family interactions

Leaving a diaphragm, tampon, or cervical cap in for an extended period of time increases the risk for AIDS. HPV. toxic shock syndrome. hypertension.

toxic shock syndrome

A personality trait characterized by control, commitment, and the willingness to embrace new challenges is known as psychological hardiness. true. false.

true

Health-related quality of life describes the impact of an individual's health on his or her daily functioning. true. false.

true

In the United States, 45% of all pregnancies are unintended. true. false.

true

Our personalities can be altered through behavior change. true. false.

true

Overseas adoptions can cost $20,000 or more. true. false.

true

Studies associate mindfulness with pain relief. true. false.

true

Insomnia is often characterized by temporary lapses in breathing while asleep. nightmares. waking up frequently during the night. chronic joint pain upon lying down.

waking up frequently during the night