Hearing and Speech Exam 3 Answers

If a 30 dB SL pure tone is played in both ears, it will sound 6 dB more intense than if played in only one ear.

False

We are most sensitive to small differences in sound location when the sound is coming from:

directly in front of us

If I am interested in which of two sounds is louder, which measure(s) of loudness could I use? (E.g., compare 10 phons to 20 phons OR compare 4 sones to 8 sones).

either would work because sounds with a higher phon level are louder than those at a lower phon level and sounds that are higher in sones are louder than those that are lower in sones.

A doubling in frequency usually results in a doubling in pitch as measured using the mel scale

false

Justin can just barely discriminate between an empty temporal interval lasting 200 ms and an empty temporal interval lasting 220 ms. Are his temporal interval discrimination abilities better, worse, or the same as an average normal hearing young adult?

the same

Which tone is more intense? (GRAPH FROM INTENSITY AND LOUDNESS QUIZ)

they are the same

The fire alarm is going off at 120 dB SPL but the generators in the power plant create a 150 dB SPL Noise. What is the SNR?

-30 dB SPL

A 4000-Hz tone is used as the reference tone and a listener responds 75% of the time to an 10 Hz change in the signal. What is the relative difference limen (Weber fraction)?

0.0025

A person can just barely tell the difference between a sound with a duration of 102 ms as compared to a reference sound that is 100 ms. What is their relative difference limen?

0.02

Laurie can just barely discriminate between a 10 ms temporal interval and a 14 ms temporal interval. What is her relative difference limen?

0.4

A person's threshold of hearing at 5000 Hz is 5 dB SPL and their threshold of feeling at the same frequency is 130 dB SPL. What is their dynamic range at that frequency?

125 dB

If a complex sound has frequency components of 2500 Hz, 3750 Hz, and 5000 Hz, it will have the same or very similar pitch to what pure tone?

1250 Hz

An average normal hearing young adult is localizing in azimuth. Which sound would they make more errors while localizing (or be more likely to make an error)? 500 2000 6000 8000

2000 Hz tone

If the threshold for being able to repeat back a two-syllable word is 5 dB HL in quiet but 30 dB HL in the presence of a 50 dB broadband noise, how much masking is occurring in the presence of the noise?

25 dB

During simultaneous masking, we increase the masker level from 10 to 40 dB. How much will the amount of masking increase?

30 dB

During a descending run, a person switches from saying "yes" they heard it at 5 dB HL to "no" they didn't at 4 dB HL. What is the threshold estimate for that run?

4.5 dB HL

A 40 dB SPL white noise would be most effective at masking which of the following signal tones: 500 Hz or 4000 Hz? 500 Hz would be masked more 4000 Hz would be masked more Both signals would be masked similarly

4000 Hz would be masked more

A person can just barely discriminate a 0.005 (proportion) change in frequency from a starting frequency of 1000 Hz. What is their absolute difference limen?

5 Hz

What is the absolute difference limen if the relative change in the signal frequency is 8% and the magnitude of the reference tone is 800 Hz?

64 Hz

Graph questions from frequency, pitch, timbre group work

776

Which sound would be easier to localize in elevation: 500 Hz tone or 8000 Hz tone? a. 500 Hz tone would be easier to localize b. 8000 Hz tone would be easier to localize c. Both tones are equally easy to localize

8000 Hz tone

During forward masking, we increase the masker level from 10 to 40 dB. How much will the threshold increase?

9 dB

Which sound would be masked more by a noise with a bandwidth of 200 Hz centered at 1000 Hz? A 650 Hz signal tone would be masked more A 1050 Hz signal tone would be masked more They would be masked similarly

A 1050 Hz signal tone would be masked more

Which tone is louder? (GRAPH FROM INTENSITY AND LOUDNESS QUIZ)

B

The signal is a 2000 Hz tone. In which of these situations would the signal threshold be lower? Lower threshold when the masker is a noise centered on 2000 Hz with a bandwidth of 50 Hz Lower threshold when the masker is a noise centered on 3000 Hz with a bandwidth of 100 Hz Threshold would be similar for both maskers

Lower threshold when the masker is a noise centered on 2000 Hz with a bandwidth of 50 Hz

Allan is having trouble detecting a 1000 Hz, 20 dB HL, 200 ms tone in quiet. Would it help to lengthen the duration of the tone?

No

If a broadband nose is amplitude modulated at a rate of 500 Hz, does that sound have a pitch?

No

If the signal is a white noise that has been amplitude modulated at a rate of 2000 Hz, would it be possible for an average normal hearing young adult to detect a 10% change in amplitude

No

One complex tone has components at 500, 1000, and 2500 Hz and another complex tone has components at 500, 1500 and 3000 Hz. Do they have the same timbre?

No

Two tone complexes are identical except one of the tone is amplitude modulated at a rate of 300 Hz and the other is not amplitude modulated. Do they have the same timbre?

No

Can most listeners discriminate at 1000 Hz tone from a 1001 Hz tone at 40 dB SL? Why or why not?

No because the difference needs to be at least 2 Hz, so you could start discriminating the sounds from 1002 Hz.

If two sounds are identical, except one reaches full intensity faster than the other, do they have the same pitch? The same timbre?

Same pitch, different timbre

If two sounds are identical, except that one has components at 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz and the other has components at 1000, 3000, 5000, and 6000 Hz, do they have the same pitch? The same timbre?

Same pitch, different timbre

Which of the following provide(s) evidence for pattern encoding of pitch?

Shift of virtual pitch/pitch of the residue Cross ear pitch Pitch in narrowband noise

Which of the following are considered measures of temporal resolution?

Temporal interval discrimination Gap detection Amplitude modulation detection

The masker a broadband noise lasting 100 ms. In which of these situations would there be more masking? The 1000 Hz signal is presented 25 ms before the masker The 1000 Hz signal is presented 125 ms before the masker The amount of masking would be the same in both cases

The 1000 Hz signal is presented 25 ms before the masker

The signal is a 4000 Hz tone. In which of these situations would there be more masking? There would be more masking in the presence of a noise centered on 4000 Hz with a bandwidth of 300 Hz There would be more masking in the presence of a noise centered on 4000 Hz with a bandwidth of 500 Hz The amount of masking would be the same in both cases

There would be more masking in the presence of a noise centered on 4000 Hz with a bandwidth pf 500 Hz

Can the average normal hearing young adult distinguish between a 1500 Hz and 1520 Hz tone at 40 dB?

Yes

If a broadband noises is amplitude modulated at a rate of 200 Hz, does it have a pitch?

Yes

If one sound has components at 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 2500 Hz and another sound has components at 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, and 2000 Hz, do they have the same pitch?

Yes

If the signal is a white noise that has been amplitude modulated at a rate of 20 Hz, would it be possible for an average normal hearing young adult to detect a 10 change in amplitude?

Yes

Which dimension(s) of sound localization require(s) two functional ears?

azimuth

Which of the three dimensions of sound localization are humans best at?

azimuth

Quentin can just barely discriminate a 0.5 dB change in a 30 dB SL broadband noise. Are their intensity discrimination abilities better, worse, or the same as an average normal-hearing young adult?

better than average

If two musical notes have the same letter name and are two octaves apart, they would have the same ? but different ?

chroma, height

Which dimension(s) of sound localization require(s) at least one pinna (ear sticking out the side of your head)?

elevation & front/back

On any given perceptual task, a person's threshold is the value below which they can hear the sound or sound contrast none of the time and above which they can hear the sound contrast all of the time.

false

An experimenter increases the loudness of a 3000-Hz tone from 2 to 8 sones. How much louder is the new sound?

four times as loud

amplitude modulation depth refers to

how much change in amplitude (usually dB or %)

For modulation rates of 50 to 1000 Hz, as modulation rate increases, the modulation depth required for a person to detect the amplitude modulation is present

increases

The main acoustical correlate of loudness is _______________.

intensity

What is one advantage of the Method of Adjustment?

it keeps the listener engaged

An experimenter increases the duration of a 20 dB SPL, 4000-Hz tone from 2 to 8 seconds. How does the loudness change?

loudness does not change as the duration changes

An experimenter increases the duration of a 20 dB SPL, 4000-Hz tone from 50 to 60 ms. How does the loudness change?

loudness increases as the duration increases

In a matching procedure, the most common classical method used is

method of adjustment

We measure the minimum duration of an utterance necessary for a person to be able to identify who is talking. What type of threshold is this?

recognition threshold

If I am interested in HOW MUCH louder one sound is than another, what would be the most appropriate loudness measure (without converting from phons to sones or vice versa)?

sones

A 3500 Hz pure tone is presented at 50 dB SL and again at 100 dB SL. Which presentation is higher in pitch?

the 3500 Hz at 100 dB SL

If a person can just barely discriminate a 2% (0.02) change in frequency at 3000 Hz and 60 dB SL, how do their abilities compare to an average normal hearing young adult?

they are poorer than an average normal hearing young adult

In a 3AFC detection task, how many sounds does the listener hear on each trial?

three

An experimenter increases the loudness of a 3000-Hz tone from 60 to 70 phons. How much louder is the new sound?

twice as loud

Imagine you are presented with a very intense 7000 Hz tone and the same pure tone at a more moderate intensity. Which, if either, tone is higher in pitch?

very intense one

Imogen can just barely hear a 5 ms gap in a 50 dB SL broadband noise. Are her abilities better, worse, or the same as an average normal hearing young adult

worse

Can an average normal hearing young adult discriminate a 1000 Hz tone that changes from 80 to 81 dB SPL? (GRAPH FROM INTENSITY AND LOUDNESS QUIZ)

yes

Can an average normal hearing young adult discriminate a change in a broadband noise from 20 to 23 dB SL?

yes