HESI Day 1

Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication and could result in blood in urine, a condition known as hematuria.

A client begins therapy with a new medication. One month later the client notices blood in the urine. Which drug does the nurse anticipate as the cause?

Divide the daily caloric intake into six smaller meals

A client had a gastric bypass procedure to treat morbid obesity. After surgery the client reports weakness, sweating, palpitations, and dizziness after eating. What should the nurse encourage the client to do?

All foods eaten in the past 24 hours The salmonella organism thrives in warm, moist environments; all foods eaten within the last 24 hours are the most relevant data. Washing, cooking, and refrigerating food limit the growth of or eliminate the organism.

A client has symptoms associated with salmonellosis. Which data are most relevant for the nurse to obtain from the client's history?

To improve the cellular uptake of glucose

A client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes is taught to exercise on a regular basis. What is the primary reason for instruction on exercise?

The cause is incompetent valves of superficial veins.

A client who is considering sclerotherapy asks the nurse to explain what causes varicose veins. Which response by the nurse is best?

"Pain is not a characteristic symptom of this condition."

A client with multiple sclerosis is informed that it is a chronic progressive neurologic condition. The client asks the nurse, "Will I experience pain?" What is the nurse's best response?

Borborygmi - high-pitched bowel sounds that are indicative of the hyperperistalsis that occurs behind an intestinal obstruction.

A nurse assesses a client with the diagnosis of an intestinal obstruction in the descending colon. When auscultating the midabdomen, what should the nurse expect to hear?

Client's systolic blood pressure drops from 130 to 90 mm Hg.

A nurse in the postanesthesia care unit is caring for a client who received a general anesthetic. Which finding should the nurse report to the primary healthcare provider?

The client usually is instructed to press the end of the residual limb against a pillow to toughen the limb for weight bearing; this process is begun by pushing the residual limb against increasingly harder surfaces.

A nurse is caring for a client with a below-the-knee amputation. What should the nurse encourage the client to do to prepare the residual limb for a prosthesis?

Rye, Oats, Wheat, barley

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with celiac disease. Which foods should the nurse teach the client to avoid when following a gluten-free diet? Select all that apply.

Begin chest compressions

A nurse observes a window washer falling 25 feet (7.6 m) to the ground. The nurse rushes to the scene and determines that the person is in cardiopulmonary arrest. What should the nurse do first? <p>A nurse observes a window washer falling 25 feet (7.6 m) to the ground. The nurse rushes to the scene and determines that the person is in cardiopulmonary arrest. What should the nurse do first?</p>

cystitis

Increased red blood cells (RBCs) in the urine indicate

Heart Failure

Increased specific gravity of the urine

72-108 mg/dL (4-6 mmol/L)

Normal blood glucose level for an adult

Prevent peripheral vasoconstriction

The nurse encourages a client with Raynaud disease to stop smoking. Which primary goal is the nurse trying to achieve?

Anorexia nervosa

What does the presence of ketones in the urine of a client with renal dysfunction indicate?

Located lateral to the hypothalamus, the limbic system influences emotional behavior and basic drives such as feeding and sexual behaviors.

What is the function of limbic system?

Deflate the balloon as soon as the PCWP is measured. The balloon must be inflated to measure the capillary wedge pressure, leaving the balloon inflated will interfere with blood flow to the lung.

What is the most important nursing action when measuring a client's pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)?

Bleach

What should be used to clean needles and syringes between intravenous drug users (IDUs)?

Increased autoantibodies

Which age-related effects on the immune system are seen in the older client?

Crypt epithelial cells

Which autoantigens are responsible for the development of Crohn's disease?

Pituitary Cushing's syndrome

Which condition results in elevated serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and urine cortisol levels?

White blood cells migrate into the wound.

Which feature is associated with the " inflammatory phase" of normal wound healing?

The scar is firm and inelastic on palpation.

Which feature is associated with the "maturation phase" of normal wound healing?

Fibrin strands form a scaffold or framework. Epithelial cells are grown over the granulation tissue bed.

Which feature is associated with the "proliferative phase" of normal wound healing?

Progesterone

Which hormone is crucial in maintaining the implanted egg at its site?

Appearance of a reddened area over a bony prominence

Which key feature does the nurse associate with a stage 1 pressure ulcer?

Presence of nonintact skin

Which key feature does the nurse associate with a stage 2 pressure ulcer?

Damage to the subcutaneous tissues

Which key feature does the nurse associate with a stage 3 pressure ulcer?

Development of sinus tracts

Which key feature does the nurse associate with a stage 4 pressure ulcer?

Pyelogram

Which retrograde procedure involves the examination of the ureters and the renal pelvises?

Condylomata acuminata

Which sexually transmitted disease is caused by the human papilloma virus?

Sjögren's syndrome decreases the digestion of carbohydrates because of insufficient secretion of saliva

Which statement is true regarding Sjögren's syndrome?

Prevents overdistension of the lungs

Which statement is true regarding the Hering-Breuer reflex?

A direct immunofluorescence test is used in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Which test would the client undergo to receive a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus?

Natural passive immunity

Which type of immunity is acquired through the transfer of colostrum from the mother to the child?

To detect carpal tunnel syndrome

Why is Phalen's test performed in a client?

Butterfly rash on cheeks

a major skin manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus?

cystogram

a retrograde examination of the bladder.

urethrogram

a retrograde examination of the urethra.

Thyroid cell surfaces

are autoantigens responsible for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

cystourethrogram

used to determine whether urine is flowing backward into the urethra.