HIS201 Chapters 11-21

France and Britain were on the verge of recognizing the Confederate government and providing it with critically needed military assistance.

A Confederate victory at Antietam in September 1862 probably would have won the Confederacy independence because

Edgar Allen Poe

A dark writer whose genres included poetry, horror stories, and detective fiction was

sold to New England textile mills

A great deal of the cotton produced in the American South in the early nineteenth century was

the railroad would be easier to build along the proposed southern route because of the topography and the proposed southern route would pass through either existing states or organized territories.

A southern route for the transcontinental railroad seemed the best because

naval intervention from Britain and France.

A supposed asset for the South at the beginning of the Civil War that never materialized to its real advantage was

A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

A. William Lloyd Garrison B. Theodore Dwight Weld C. Frederick Douglass D. David Walker 1. Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World 2. The Liberator 3. Narration of the Life of ___ 4. American Slavery as It Is

he had been elected on a platform that opposed the extension of slavery.

Abraham Lincoln opposed the Crittenden Compromise because

had made fewer enemies than front-runner William Seward.

Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 Republican party presidential nomination in part because he

the suppression of selfishness

According to John Humphrey Noyes, founder of the utopian Oneida Community, the key to happiness is

the self-determination of people in any given territory.

According to the principle of popular sovereignty, the question of slavery in the territories should be determined by

a majority of southern secessionists believed the South had an absolute right to resume importation of slaves from Africa.

All of the following are true statements about southerners in the secession movement except

Irish immigrants became fiercely supportive of the abolitionist cause.

All of the following are true statements about the relationship between Irish immigrants and U.S. citizens except

they worked a maximum five days a week for eight hours a day.

All of the following are true statements about the workers in the Lowell factory system except

it encouraged women to enter into professions normally reserved for men in order to make these professional more ethical and morally upright.

All of the following contributed to the appeal of the Second Great Awakening to women excep

he was expelled from the Whig party.

All of the following happened after President John Tyler's veto of a bill to establish a new Bank of the United States except

a deterioration of the diplomatic position of the Union concerning its relations with European nations.

All of the following occurred as a result of the Emancipation Proclamation except

floggings were very uncommon and rare.

All of the following were characteristic of slaves in the mid-nineteenth century United States except

Latin America solidified their friendly relations with the U.S. government.

All of the following were legacies of the U.S. war with Mexico, except

the Underground Railroad scaled back its efforts.

All of the following were results of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 except

most slaves were raised in single unstable parent households.

All of the following were true of slavery in the South except that

was not as large, democratic, or influential in terms of social reform as the First Great Awakening.

All the following are true of the Second Great Awakening except that it

put public service first, not profits

Andrew Jackson and his supporters disliked the Bank of the United States for all of the following reasons except it

the fact that he found the bill harmful to the nation as well as unconstitutional.

Andrew Jackson based his veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States on

Whites wanted the Indian's land

Andrew Jackson's administration supported the removal of Native Americans from the eastern states because

newly won ascendancy of the masses

Andrew Jackson's inauguration as president symbolized the

B, A, C

Arrange in chronological order the United States' acquisition of (A) Oregon, (B) Texas, and (C) California.

A D B C

Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) the Battle of Bull Run, (B) the Battle of Gettysburg, (C) Lee's surrender at Appomattox, and (D) the Battle of Antietam.

C A B D

Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Dred Scott decision (B) Lincoln-Douglas debates (C) Kansas-Nebraska Act (D) Harpers Ferry raid.

A C B D

Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Louisiana Purchase, (B) Chesapeake incident, (C) Burr's trial for treason, (D) Embargo Act.

greatly expanded its industrial and technological productivity.

As a result of the Civil War, the Northern economy

slavery was banned north of 36° 30' in the Louisiana Purchase territory.

As a result of the Missouri Compromise

slavery revived and expanded

As a result of the development of the cotton gin

slavery was reinvigorated in the South.

As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin

the political and economic systems were based on a strong central government.

As chief justice of the United States, John Marshall helped to ensure that

defied rather than followed southern public opinion and his congress on several key issues regarding conduct of the Civil War.

As leader of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis

was one of the least successful presidents in American history.

As president, John Quincy Adams

corn

As their main agricultural crop, southern subsistence farmers raised

wanted to prove their manhood and strengthen their postwar claim to full American citizenship.

Aside from ending slavery, blacks enlisted into the Union Army because they

all of the above

Asone the greatest of the revivalist preachers, Charles Grandison Finney advocated -opposition to slavery. -a perfect Christian kingdom on earth. -opposition to alcohol. -public prayer by women

voting as a religious bloc and openly drilling their militia, alebit for defensive purposes.

Besides polygamy, characteristic behavior(s) of Mormons which angered many non-Mormon Americans in the 1840s was their

2

Between 1830 and 1860, nearly ____ million Irish arrived in America.

eked out a living in the mountains and backcountry raising corn and hogs.

By 1860, the overwhelming majority of all southern whites did not own slaves, but instead

abolitionism

By the 1850s, the crusade for women's rights was eclipsed by

British forces were weaker there

Canada became an important battleground in the War of 1812 because

Lincoln had ordered supplies sent to the fort.

Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter when it was learned that

proved effective against Union shipping.

Confederate commerce-raiders such as the Alabama

forced some New England farmers to move or change occupations.

Construction of the Erie Canal

visibly strengthened Union sentiment and especially pleased northern banking and commercial centers.

Daniel Webster's famed Seventh of March speech in 1850 resulted in

that a Supreme Being endowed human beings with a capacity for moral behavior

Deists like Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin endorsed the belief

they believed that it was unconstitutional

Democratic-Republicans opposed Senator Henry Clay's American System because

the Trent affair, involving the removal of Southern diplomats from a British ship by a Union warship in 1861.

During the Civil War, Britain and the United States were nearly provoked into war by

lent more money and sent more food to the British army than to the American army.

During the War of 1812, the New England states

Abraham Lincoln

During the debate in Congress over President Polk's requested congressional declaration of war against Mexico, the Polk administration was frequently called on by ____ to respond to "spot resolutions", demanding to know where American blood had been shed to provoke the war.

were getting smaller

Early-nineteenth-century American families

cotton gin

Eli Whitney was instrumental in the invention of the

destroyed by Confederate soldiers to keep it out of the hands of Union troops

Following a historic battle in March 1862 with a tiny Union ironclad warship, the Monitor, the Confederate blockade runner, the Merrimack, was

conspired with an unsavory military governor of the Louisiana Territory, General James Wilkinson, to undermine the legitimate authority of the U.S. government and expand their new confederacy to Spanish-controlled Mexico and Florida.

Following his infamous duel with Alexander Hamilton, Aaron Burr in 1806

the congressional defeat of an effort to revive the Bank of the United States in 1816.

Following the War of 1812, nationalism could be seen in all of the following except

discrimination against blacks concerning employment, the right to vote, and obtaining a public education was common.

For free blacks living in the North

deliver a decisive blow that would strengthen the Northern peace movement and encourage foreign intervention on behalf of the South.

General Robert E. Lee decided to invade the North through Pennsylvania in order to

overly cautious

George B. McClellan, commander of the Army of the Potomac, is best described as

the preservation of nature as a national policy.

George Catlin advocated

intended to show the cruelty of slavery

Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin

by helping slaves to escape to Canada

Harriet Tubman gained fame

the constitutional right of individual states to nullify laws enacted by Congress that adversely affected their economic interests.

Henry Clay embraced a program in 1824 called the American System which would create all of the following except

Amistad

In 1839, enslaved Africans rose up aboard the Spanish slave ship

the impulse to satisfy Congressman Abraham Lincoln and similar political allies in Congress to enact the so-called "spot resolutions" concerning alleged Mexican incursions into American territory.

In 1846, the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons except

permitting slavery in selected western territories acquired through the Mexican War

In 1848, the Free Soil party platform advocated all of the following except

slave territory worth contesting against antislavery northerners to determine the territory's ultimate political status

In 1855, proslavery southerners regarded Kansas as

a deadly armed attack and partial burning of the the free-soil town of Lawrence by a gang of proslavery raiders.

In 1856, the breaking point over slavery in Kansas came with

protection of slavery was guaranteed in all the territories of the United States.

In 1857, the Supreme Court ruled in the Dred Scott decision that

the South attacked Fort Sumter

In 1861, many Northerners were willing to allow Southern states to leave the Union until

refused to own slaves

In an effort to assimilate themselves into white society, the Cherokees did all of the following except

principles of self-determination of the Declaration of Independence.

In declaring their independence, the Confederate States asserted that they were following the historical example of the

urban population was growing at an unprecedented rate

In early-nineteenth-century America, the

call upon the slaves to rise and establish a black free state.

In his raid on Harpers Ferry, John Brown intended to

used legally dubious methods including the declaration of martial law in Maryland and the deployment of Union soldiers in a local civil war in Missouri.

In order to persuade the Border States to remain in the Union, President Lincoln

75

In some counties of the deep South, especially along the lower Mississippi River, blacks accounted for more than ____ percent of the population.

a few Federalists, unwilling to elect Aaron Burr as president, decided to abstain from voting in the House of Representatives, throwing the presidential election to Jefferson.

In the 1800 presidential election, Thomas Jefferson won the deadlocked election because

Manifest Destiny

In the 1840s, the view that God had ordained the growth of an American nation stretching across North America was called

remained silent on the issue of slavery

In the 1848 presidential election, the Democratic and Whig parties

Andrew Johnson

In the 1864 election, Abraham Lincoln's running mate was

to be decided by popular sovereignty

In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories was

49 degrees

In the Oregon treaty with Britain in 1846, the northern boundary of the United States was established to the Pacific Ocean along the line of

conspiring with Aaron Burr to have Spain attack the United States.

In the election of 1800, the Federalists accused Thomas Jefferson of all of the following except

as a middle-of-the-road party seeking to prevent the break up of the Union

In the election of 1860, the Constitutional Union party was formed

alienated both proponents and opponents of annexing Texas by issuing seemingly contradictory written statements about his view on annexing Texas.

In the presidential election of 1844, the Whig candidate, Henry Clay

adoption of written party platforms

Innovations in the election of 1832 included

could distance himself and the Democrats from the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

James Buchanan won the Democratic nomination for the presidency in 1856 because he

Brown's bloody past prior to the Harper's Ferry raid was exposed and he was discredited.

John Brown's execution produced all of the following results except

states' rights

John C. Calhoun's South Carolina Exposition was an argument for

his supporters to "sling mud" at Jackson

John Quincy Adams's weaknesses as president included all of the following except his encouragement of

Henry Clay, secretary of state

John Quincy Adams, elected president in 1825, was charged by his political opponents with having struck a "corrupt bargain" when he appointed ____ to become ____.

treaties with several Indian nations

Lewis and Clark's expedition through the Louisiana Purchase territory yielded all of the following except

downright grim for most pioneer families.

Life on the frontier was

he was not fighting to free black slaves

Lincoln declared from the outset of the Civil War that

the facilitation of the return of runaway slaves to slaveowners.

Many northern states passed personal liberty laws in response to the Compromise of 1850's provision regarding

lacked much intellectual vitality.

Many of the denominational liberal arts colleges founded as a result of the Second Great Awakening

A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

Match each figure below with his role in the 1856 presidential campaign. A. John C. Frémont B. Millard Fillmore C. Stephen A. Douglas D. James Buchanan 1. Democratic nominee for president 2. Republican nominee for president 3. Know-Nothing (American Party) nominee for president 4. Too tainted by Kansas-Nebraska Act to obtain Democratic nomination

A-4 B-3 C-2 D-1

Match each individual below with the correct description. A. Andrew Jackson B. Henry Clay C. John Quincy Adams D. William Crawford 1. finished third in the electoral vote in the presidential election of 1824 but was eliminated by illness 2. was elected president by the House of Representatives despite his weak popular appeal 3. threw his political support to the presidential candidate elected by the House of Representatives, inspiring charges of a "corrupt bargain" 4. finished first in the popular vote in the election of 1824 but lost in the House of Representatives

A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

Match each individual below with the correct invention. A. Samuel Morse B. Cyrus McCormick C. Elias Howe D. Robert Fulton 1. telegraph 2. mower-reaper 3. steamboat 4. sewing machine

A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

Match each presidential candidate in the 1860 election below with his party's position on the slavery question. A. Abraham Lincoln B. Stephen Douglas C. John Breckenridge D. John Bell 1. extend slavery into the territories 2. ban slavery from the territories 3. preserve the Union by compromise 4. enforce popular sovereignty

A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1

Match each writer below with his work. A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. James Fenimore Cooper C. Herman Melville D. Henry David Thoreau 1. Walden 2. The Last of the Mohicans 3. The Marble Faun 4. Moby Dick

dominated society and politics in the South.

Members of the planter aristocracy

rich soil of the Willamette River Valley.

Most Americans who migrated to the Oregon Country were attracted by the

north

Most early railroads in the United States were built in the

in stable two-parent households.

Most slaves were raised

subsistence farmers

Most white southerners were

he was afraid that the Spanish might seize Louisiana in a new war.

Napoleon chose to sell Louisiana to the United States for all of the following reasons except

The Thames

Native American leader Tecumseh was killed in 1813 at the Battle of

the Irish immigrants were very slow to learn American English and mostly spoke Gaelic in their urban neighborhoods.

Native-born Protestant Americans distrusted and resented the Irish immigrants for all of the following reasons except

prison and asylum reform

New England reformer Dorothea Dix is most notable for her efforts on behalf of

discipline and determination

Northern soldiers eventually became known for their

disease

Of all the hardships faced by the soldiers during the Civil War, the greatest was

the rampant sexual abuse of wives and daughters by U.S. soldiers.

On the forced march from their Georgia homeland to Oklahoma known as the Trail of Tears, the Cherokees experienced all of the following except

the west and south

Once begun, the War of 1812 was supported strongly by

a shorter war that saved lives

One consequence of General William T. Sherman's style of warfare was

Anglo-Texans wanted to break away from a government that had grown too authoritarian.

One major reason for the Anglo-Texan rebellion against Mexican rule was that the

underestimating the depth of northern opposition to the spread of slavery.

One of Stephen Douglas's mistakes in proposing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was

they feared losing Northern grain shipments

One reason that the British did not try to break the Union blockade of the South during the Civil War was that

to expand the territory where slavery was legal.

People moved into the Old Northwest for all of the following reasons except

Plattsburgh

Perhaps the key battle of the War of 1812, because it protected the United States from full-scale invasion and possible dissolution, was the Battle of

its excessive cultivation of cotton despoiled good land.

Plantation agriculture was wasteful largely because

he underestimated Britain's dependence on American trade

President Jefferson's embargo failed for all of the following reasons except that

lead to the capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond.

President Lincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run (Manassas Junction) would

a middle of the road decision

President Lincoln's decision on what to do about the situation at Fort Sumter in the first weeks of his administration can best be characterized as

the Rio Grande

President Polk's claim that "American blood [had been shed] on the American soil" referred to news of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near

generally tense, with periods of both violence and peaceful resolution.

Relations between Britain and the United States in the 1830s and 1840s could be characterized as

a stronger religious influence in many areas of American life including abolitionism and benevolent and charitable organizations.

Religious revivals of the Second Great Awakening resulted in

ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution.

Slavery was legally abolished in the United States by the

condemn the political compromises over slavery being worked out in Congress.

Southern delegates met at a convention in Nashville in the June of 1850 to

this same use of the power of the federal government could be used to suppress slavery.

Southerners feared the Tariff of 1828 because

could not defend the area and would lose it in any case.

Spain sold Florida in 1819 to the United States because it

San Jacinto

Texans won their independence as a result of the victory over Mexican armies at the Battle of

a joint resolution enacted by a simple majority in the House and the Senate rather than the two-thirds constitutional supermajority required of all treaties with foreign nations.

Texas was annexed to the United States as a result of

a small-scale clash between lumberjacks in Maine and Canada

The Aroostook War was

probably prevented intervention by Britain and France on behalf of the Confederacy.

The Battle of Antietam was particularly critical because it

Union victory meant that the Southern cause was doomed.

The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because

the British deciding to conclude a peace treaty with the Americans at Ghent, Belgium in late 1814.

The Battle of New Orleans resulted in all of the following except

shipbuilding facilities

The Border States offered all of the following strategic advantages except

inspired the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner" by Francis Scott Key.

The British attack on Fort McHenry

they needed more military conscripts for their imperial military engagements around the world.

The British impressed American sailors into the British navy because

a forced enlistment

The British policy of impressment was functionally equivalent to

the fact that the Cherokees also owned slaves and felt they were making common cause with the South.

The Cherokees' decision to side with the South during the Civil War was based on

John Marshall

The Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court who, more than any other federal official, was able to carry out the Federalist ideas of Alexander Hamilton concerning strengthening the power of the federal government was

the end of protective tariffs and isolationism.

The Civil War resulted in all of the following except

Alabama

The Confederacy's most effective commerce-raider was the

was a misnomer, because the period was marked by heated political disputes over the tarrif, the bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public lands.

The Era of Good Feelings

it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise from wage-earning to self-employment.

The Free Soilers condemned slavery because

landscape

The Hudson River school excelled in the art of painting

none of these choices are correct

The Lecompton Constitution proposed that the state of Kansas

the Burned-Over District in New York

The Mormon religion originated in

tariff policy

The Nullification Crisis of 1832-1833 erupted directly over

taking the country off the gold standard.

The Panic of 1837 was caused by all of the following except

severely limited British and American naval armaments on the Great Lakes.

The Rush-Bagot Agreement

more reliant on women as members and social reformers.

The Second Great Awakening partly reshaped American religion by making it

Britain was dependent on Southern cotton.

The South believed that the British would come to its aid because

an informal network of homes where slaves could hide on their escape to freedom.

The Underground Railroad consisted of

Atlanta and Mobile

The Union army's success in the capture of ____ was probably critical to Lincoln's reelection in 1864.

it was the last major battle of the Civil War

The Union victory at Vicksburg was of major importance for all of the following reasons except

John Quincy Adams

The United States' most successful diplomat in the Era of Good Feelings was

slavery would be banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the United States

The Wilmot Proviso, introduced into Congress during the Mexican War, declared that

were most interested in purging and purifying the Union than in preserving it.

The Young Guard, composed of certain Senators and Representatives from the North,

to determine the meaning of the Constitution.

The case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) established that the Constitution mandated that the Supreme Court and not Congress nor the president of the United States had the authority

antiforeignism and anti-Catholicism.

The central plank(s) of the Know-Nothing party in the 1856 election was/were

passions over slavery were becoming dangerously inflamed in both North and South.

The clash and political fallout between Congressman Preston S. Brooks of South Carolina and Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts in 1856 revealed that

threatened to split national politics along North-South lines.

The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession

a constitutional amendment requiring a two-thirds vote in Congress before war could be declared, new states admitted, or a trade embargo instituted by the federal government.

The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions in 1814 that included a call for

John L O'Sullivan

The earliest known use of the term Manifest Destiny was in 1845 by

it was fought over the issue of expansionism.

The election of 1844 was notable because

marked the end of the Whig party.

The election of 1852 was significant because it

the discovery of gold in California and its bid for statehood.

The event that threatened to destroy the longstanding balance of free and slave states in the United States Senate was

stemmed from the hard, struggling, and monotonous life of many American men and women

The excessive consumption of alcohol by Americans in the 1800s

Lancaster Turnpike

The first major transportation project in the United States, which ran sixty-two miles and was completed in the 1790s, that proved to be a stimulus for western economic developments was the

Missouri

The first state entirely west of the Mississippi River to be carved out of the Louisiana Territory was

Montgomery, Alabama in February 1861

The government of the Confederate States of America was first organized in

economy, particularly its limited manufacturing capacity and inferior railroad network

The greatest weakness of the South during the Civil War was its

supported by the black leader Martin Delaney.

The idea of recolonizing blacks back to Africa was

New Orleans

The most devastating defeat suffered by the British during the War of 1812 took place at the Battle of

mountain whites residing in the Appalachian range.

The most pro-Union of the white southerners were

southern expansionist

The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats' 1844 presidential candidate was secured by

Daniel Webster

The only member of President Tyler's Whig cabinet who did not resign in protest over his policies was

Joseph Smith

The original prophet of the Mormon religion was

the rebellion against British rule and potato famine.

The overwhelming event for Ireland in the 1840s was

resembled a tightly controlled oligarchy in its monopolistic features.

The plantation system of the Cotton South before the Civil War

Copperheads

The political group in the North most dangerous to the Union cause was the

was the first one to see the election of a president who failed to win a majority of the electoral vote from the state electors.

The presidential election of 1824

Cuba

The primary objective of Manifest Destiny expansionists in the 1850s was

to reward political supporters with public office.

The purpose behind the spoils system was

United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico.

The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848), ending the Mexican War, included

Gettysburg and Antietam

The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were

the personalities of Senator Cass and General Taylor.

The two major parties kept the focus on the 1848 presidential election campaign on

Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper.

The two most internationally recognized American writers in the 1820s were

support the establishment of a strong army and navy to advance the imperialist ambitions of the United States.

Thomas Jefferson saw his election and his mission as president to include all of the following except

marked the peaceful and orderly transfer of power on the basis of election results accepted by all parties.

Thomas Jefferson's "Revolution of 1800" was remarkable in that it

moderation in the administration of public policy.

Thomas Jefferson's presidency was characterized by his

the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner.

Those nativists who were frightened by the rapid influx of Irish immigrants organized in 1849

fight the invading Union army to a draw.

To achieve its independence, the Confederacy had to

used trial and error

To find effective high-level commanders, the Union

an inner light

Transcendentalists believed that all knowledge came through

toward favoring nationalistic centralism and curbing the powers of popularly elected state legislatures in national political and economic affairs.

U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall's rulings almost single-handedly shaped constitutional interpretation

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Uncle Tom's Cabin was written in 1852 by

assailing the enemy's armies simultaneously, massively, and directly

Union General Ulysses S. Grant's basic strategy in the Civil War involved

free will and salvation through good works.

Unitarians endorsed the concept of

rejoiced because Lincoln's election as president provided secessionist South Carolinians with the political pretext to vote in the state legislature in favor of secession.

When Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election, people in South Carolina

Confederate states still in rebellion against the United States.

When it was issued in 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation declared free only those slaves in

They were too poor to move west and buy land.

When the Irish flocked to the United States in the 1840s, they stayed in the larger seaboard cities because

it might more accurately have been called the American Self-Defense Doctrine.

When the Monroe Doctrine was issued in 1823

hoped to fight a limited war, ending with the conquest of California.

When the war with Mexico began, President James K. Polk

​Continuing vicious hostility by non-Mormon Americans including the murder of Mormon leader Joseph Smith and his brother

Which of the following events prompted the Mormons to abandon their settlement at Nauvoo, Illinois and set out West to the valley of the Great Salt Lake?

it more than quadrupuled the size of the United States.

Which of these is NOT a true statement about the Louisiana Purchase?

John C. Calhoun

Which one of the following has the least in common with the other four?

The Shoshone woman Sacajawea

Who served as the crucial guide(s), aiding Lewis and Clark in their expedition through the Louisiana Territory?

portrayed by his supporters as a poor western farmer in an effort to make a deceptive contrast with his aristocratic opponent, Democratic incumbent President Martin Van Buren

William Henry Harrison, the Whig party's presidential candidate in 1840, was

the immediate abolition of slavery in the south

William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to

the Democratic-Republicans quickly established one-party rule.

With the demise of the Federalist party following the election of 1816

farmers quickly faced mounting indebtedness.

With the development of cash-crop agriculture in the trans-Allegheny West

most of the first wave of miners struck it rich in California with lucrative, easy, and plentiful discoveries of gold.

With the discovery of gold near Sutter's Mill, California, in 1848, all of the following took place except

commanded a sizable household staff of mostly female slaves.

plantation mistressess

glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers.

the cult of domesticity