HIST 1302 CH. 21-26
Which of the following occurred in the election of 1952?
- a long period of Democratic dominance ended - Eisenhower pledged to settle the Korean conflict - Nixon exploited the issue of domestic anticommunism
In the United States, the Korean War resulted in which of the following?
- anxiety over communism - economic growth - rising insecurity about America's position in the world
Truman's Fair Deal proposals included which of the following?
- public housing and slum clearance - government health insurance - an expansion of Social Security benefits
Which of the following emboldened the North Koreans to launch an invasion of the South?
- the US government's implication that Korea was not within its "defense perimeter" - the relative weakness of South Korea
Which of the following statements regarding the Allied development of an atomic bomb during World War II are accurate?
-Plutonium was a practical fuel for the bomb. -The program was code-named the Manhattan Project -The government secretly poured nearly $2 Billion into the project -The program proceeded at a faster pace that had been expected.
What were the two most important aims for Harry Hopkins in his administration of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration?
-Providing assistance to those with nowhere else to turn -Pumping money into the economy
How did the federal government raise money to pay for the war effort?
-Selling bonds -Increasing income taxes
What legal immigration loopholes did some Chinese women use to circumvent the minuscule immigrant quota restriction?
-entry rules for fiancees -The war bride provision
The heavy-handed action of the federal government during the Red Scare led to
A powerful backlash that gave new force to the Bill of Rights
Alsmith lost the presidential election of 1928 to Herbert Hoover partly as a result of his
Catholicism
The powerful backlash against the federal government's heavy-handed actions during the period of the "Red Scare" resulted in which of the following?
Creation of an organization for protecting civil liberties, which would become the ACLU End of A. Mitchell Palmer's career Damage to the Democratic Party
At the end of 1939, belligerents were still barred from buying arms in the United States
False
In World War I, the American Expeditionary Forces were led by
General John J. Pershing
The sacrifice of black soldiers in the war
Had almost no impact on white racial attitudes
Which of the following statements correctly describes the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters?
It was dominated and led by African-Americans
When did D-Day occur?
June,1944
When he began his tenure as president, Wilson's experience in international affairs was
Limited
The Office of Price Administration was
Successful and unpopular
The term "Dollar Diplomacy" primarily referred to
Taft's efforts to extend American investments into less-developed regions
The most immediate military effect of the US entrance into the war was in
The Atlantic Ocean
What became known as the "China Lobby" formed around which ideas?
The State Department was primarily responsible for the defeat in China The US could have done more to prevent China from going to the communists
How did the British naval blockade of Germany threaten the ability of the United States to maintain its neutrality?
The US ended the trade with Germany but continued it with Britain
Despite defeat at Kasserine Pass, the Allies regrouped and were eventually successful in driving the Germans from North Africa in May 1943.
True
During the war years, audiences equal to about half the nation's population attended movies each week.
True
Even with the booming economy of the 1920s, the average annual income of workers remain below what was considered necessary to maintain a minimally decent standard of living
True
If it had been provided assistance from other nations, Czechoslovakia would have attempted to fight against German annexation of its territory in the Sudetenland.
True
The writing that broke out in Chicago in the summer of 1919 pitted
White against African-Americans
The atomic bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima
affected future generations who suffered from birth defects.
The McCarran Internal Security Act of 1950 required _____ to register with the government
all communist organizations
Most Americans involved in the Spanish Civil War were
allied with the republican government fighting against the fascists
At a conference in Potsdam in July 1945, Truman
allowed Stalin to adjust the German-Polish border
The influential sit-down strike that began in December 1936 involved.
autoworkers
During the 1920s, Benito Mussolini's Fascist Party
became more nationalistic and militaristic
Fascism is a political ideology that favors
concentrated state power under a supreme leader
Immediately following World War I, the American economy
continued its boom
As the result of efforts by the congress of racial Equality (CORE), the
culture of civil rights activism in the black community was strengthened.
A treaty to make the United States a member of the World Court was
defeated by isolationist senators.
At their meeting in Morocco, Allied leaders agreed to
demand nothing less than unconditional surrender from the axis
In 1947, when it began a famous series of investigators, the House Un-American Activities Committee was
dominated by Republicans
Franklin Delano Roosevelt's personality could be best described as
ebullient and friendly
Stalin's true motivation for his actions after the war was to
ensure Soviet security
As a result of the world financial crisis, many new governments came to power that were committed to
expansion
During World War II, Chinese Americans
experienced less prejudice than before.
As the Korean War continued, Truman focused his economic policies on
fighting inflation
American Communist Party
formed the Lincoln Brigade, which fought against fascists in Spain
The GI Bill of 1944
gave housing and education subsidies to veterans
Roosevelt's campaign of 1940 was unprecedented in that
he was running for a third term
In 1919 in 1920, the nation experienced
high inflation
The Fair employment practices commission was established to
investigate racial discrimination in war industries
Race riots were not new in American history, but the riots of 1919 differed from those prior to World War I in that they
involved African Americans fighting back
What proportion of families in America were living at or below the minimum subsistence level in 1929?
more than half
The main American strategy to fight Japan was to
mount two offensive campaigns and attack the Japanese from two directions.
Roosevelt supported
neither anti-lynching legislation nor efforts to ban the poll tax.
Roosevelt responded to the problem of German submarine attacks by ordering the navy to
patrol the western Atlantic as far east as Iceland.
Nuclear weapons were made feasible by the discovery of the radioactivity of______in the 1930s.
plutonium
The establishment of NATO
preceded the signing of the Warsaw Pact by several years
The Fourteen Points are best described as the
principles for which Wilson believed the nation was fighting
By mid-1951, the conflict in Korea had turned into a(n)
protracted stalemate along the 38th parallel
Techniques of mass production
quickly proved an advantage for the Allies.
During the Great Depression, American social values
seemed to change very little
Truman reacted to the growing strength of the communist movement in China by
sending arms and money to the movement's opponents
The Socialist Party of America
sought to find support among rural poor
Upon what faulty premise was the doctrine of containment based?
that communists sought to spread their ideology in a global revolution
Which of the following was the New Deal federal agency that called on business to accept the regulation of wages, hours, prices, and other labor prices in order to stabilize the economy, maintain the workforce, and reduce competition?
the National Recovery Administration
Which of the following refers to the board array of reform initiatives launched during the administration of Franklin Roosevelt in the 1930s?
the New Deal
Huey's Long program of wealth redistribution was known as
the Share-Our-Wealth Plan
According to the anticommunist John Birch Society, a prime result of the treason that infiltrated the US government was
the creation of the United Nations
The Cold War intensified in 1949 with
the first successful test of an atomic weapon by the Soviet Union
The first target of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was
the movie industry
The rate of employment among women in traditionally female professional occupations decreased during the Depression because
unemployed men began taking jobs in these professions
President Herbert Hoover responded to the onset of the Great Depression by
urging voluntary cooperation from business leaders
The military draft in the United States
was reestablished in 1948 after a short break
The American Communist Party _____ the Popular Front
was strongly tied to
Companies that adopted paternalistic techniques were said to be practicing
welfare capitalism
Because of discrimination and harsh conditions, Mexican Americans
were forced from jobs, left the country, or sometimes tried to fight back (such as by forming unions)
The new Bolshevik rulers of Russia _____ at the Paris Peace Conference
were underrepresented
Opponents of prohibition were known as
wets
In the months following the 1948 elections, Truman
won passage of some Fair Deal reforms
In 1919, the racial climate in the United States
worsened in both the North and South
How did the war affect life on Indian reservation?
Talented young people left the reservations, creating workforce shortages. Government subsides dwindled.
Which of the following was the most important factor in the economic boom of the 1920s?
Technological advancements
Archduke Frans Ferdinand, whose assassination sparked the war, was a key figure in
The Austro Hungarian Empire
Which of the following is most accurate regarding the Democratic Convention in 1948?
The Democrats were abandoned by two factions, one liberal and the other conservative
The first opportunity for using the Roosevelt Corollary was in crisis in
The Dominican republic
Which of the following best describes the general public's immediate reaction to Wilson's Fourteen Points?
The Fourteen Points pleased many in both America and Europe
Which of the following was completed under the New Deal and was,upon completion,the largest public works project built to date?
The Grand Coulee Dam.
By the end of 1938, what was the status of the New Deal?
The New Deal had essentially come to an end.
The Truman administration increased its support for military atomic research in the postwar period for which of the following reasons?
The United States was unable to come to terms with the Soviet Union on an international nuclear weapons treaty
Which of the following prompted the United States to enter the war against Germany in 1917?
The Zimmerman telegram German naval strategy Threats to US commerce
The foreign policy of William Howard Taft was most concerned with
The advancement of US economic interests
What happened in February 1933?
The banking crisis suddenly accelerated
The Sabotage Act and the Sedition Act, both passed in 1918,
-Allowed officials to prosecute citizens who dare to criticize the president or the government -Made it illegal for people to say in public that they opposed the war -expanded the meaning of the Espionage Act
Which of the following problems virtually vanished with the coming of the war?
-Deflation -Unemployment
Who commanded the two major American offensives against the Japanese?
-Douglas MacArthur -Chester Nimitz
Which of the following correctly describe the American Communist Party of the 1930s?
- It included a number of effective union organizers - It took an active role in organizing the unemployed
In what ways did the New Deal fail to challenge patterns of discrimination,and sometimes even reinforced them?
- When funding ran low for WPA projects, black workers and women were among the first to be laid off. - The NRA codes tolerated black people being paid less than white people who were doing the same jobs. - Racial Justice was never a significant part of the New Deal agenda.
Which of the following happened after Hollywood writers and producers refused to answer HUAC questions about their political beliefs?
- they were jailed for contempt - they were blacklisted and barred for employment
Which of the following were significant in prompting the Red Scare?
-Explosion in eight cities within minutes of one another -The post office intercepting parcels that contain explosives -The formation of the Communist International
Protestant fundamentalist object to strongly to the teachings of Charles ________, who have challenged the biblical story of the Creation
Darwin
As banks failed, the nation's money supply
Decreased significantly
After his election in 1948, Truman was able to pass some Fair Deal reforms because
Democrats controlled both houses of Congress
The demand for agricultural goods in the 1920s
Did not rise as fast as production
During the years of World War II, the entertainment industry
Did record business
The USO expected hostesses that served in their clubs to______ and chat happily with lonely servicemen.
Dress nicely Dance well
Which of the following was the main cause of both the US involvement in Nicaragua in the US purchase of the Virgin Islands?
Fear of European influence
A trade agreement reached by Japan and the United States in 1905
Fell apart in the years that followed
In 1942-1943, the British plan to fight the Nazis prioritized
Fighting in North Africa
Women in the 1920s who behaved and dressed in ways that reflected their liberated lifestyles were known as
Flappers
While living in internment camps, Japanese Americans were
Forced to give up their jobs and businesses
In 1917 the United States began sending American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) troops to resist the German invasion of what country?
France
The "Great Migration" of African-Americans that began during the war is primarily a movement
From the rural South to the industrial cities of the North
As a result of a sit-down strike of autoworkers in late 1936 and early 1937.
General Motors recognized the United Auto Workers union.
The main goal of the New Era presidents was to
Help business and industry operate with maximum efficiency and productivity
The detonation of the first atomic bomb against an enemy nation occurred in
Hiroshima, Japan
President Franklin Roosevelt's "Court-packing plan" arose out of
His desire to change the ideological balance of the Court.
They systematic murder of European Jews and others by Hitler's forces is known as the
Holocaust
Japanese Americans interned during World War II were
Housed in grim facilities in the western United States
During the 1920s, birth control in the United States was
Illegal in many states
How did Truman regard the Soviet Union at the start of his presidency?
In sharp contrast to Roosevelt, he view the Soviet Union with deep distrust
In February 1944, under Admiral Chester Nimitz, American naval forces won a series of victories.
In the Marshall Islands
World War I
Increased the determination of African Americans to fight for their rights
Which of the following was the effect of New Deal policies on Indians?
Indians continued to be the poorest segment of the population.
Calvin Coolidge believe that government ought to
Interfere as little as possible in the life of the nation
Which of the following are true of the National Origins Act of 1924?
It banned immigration from East Asia It reduce the quota for European immigrants
Which of the following most limited the ability of the Kellogg-Briand Pact to help maintain stability in the world?
It contained no instruments of enforcement
How did the war affect the social and legal status of Chinese Americans?
It enhanced both their social and their legal status.
Which of the following is true of the legacy of the New Deal on America's welfare system?
It failed to solve the problem of poverty. It was the beginning of the American Welfare State. It reinforced of patterns of gender and racial discrimination.
Which of the following is true of the pension system set up by the Social Security Act?
It was funded by payroll tax paid by American workers and their employers.
The works Progress Administration
Kept an average of roughly 2 million workers employed.
Compared to the attack on Hiroshima, the attack on Nagasaki three days later
Killed more civilians
In response to the Depression, Hoover urged which of the following?
Labor leaders to forego some demands Businesses to maintain production
Founded in 1936, _____ quickly won more readers than any other publication in the United States (with the exception of Reader's Digest)
Life
After World War I, a generation of Americans became disillusioned with our country and were eager to find personal fulfillment elsewhere. Gertrude Stein called these Americans a
Lost Generation
While serving as Treasury secretary under Coolidge, Andrew Mellon worked to
Lower taxes on corporate profits and personal incomes
The majority of married women who worked outside the home in the 1920s were
Lower-class
Competing claims over ____ led in 1904 to war between Japan and Russia
Manchuria
Destroyed at Pearl Harbor were
Many naval vessels but no aircraft carriers.
In the 1920s, people could buy
Many products, such as cosmetics, vacuum cleaners, and refrigerators, including luxury items for pleasure
Who among the following was a pioneer of the American birth control movement?
Margaret Sanger
Iwo Jima was the costliest single battle in the history of the
Marine Corps.
The Democratic party of the 1920s was
Marked by divisions within the party
When the Nineteenth Amendment was enacted in 1920,
Marked the end of an era of reforms promoted by the Progressive movement Women were guaranteed the right to vote
Taft's responses to the changing political situation in Nicaragua included which of the following?
Military support for the new regime Substantial loans to the government
Economics condition in World War II led to the hiring of
More Women More Minorities
Which of the following is true of popular protest in the first few years of the Depression?
Most Americans were too stunned or too confused to effectively protest
The Kellogg-Briand pact was a
Multilateral treaty that outlawed war as an instrument of public policy
Huey P. Long's Share-Our-Wealth Society proposed to confiscate and redistribute some of the assets of the
Nation's wealthiest individuals.
In 1939, the first steps toward the creation of an atomic bomb were taken by
Nazi Germany
How prevalent were radios in American households at the end of the 1920s?
Nearly every family had one
The American born child of a Japanese immigrants was referred to as
Nisei
The D-Day invasion took place on the beaches of
Normandy
In the week following Pearl Harbor, Japanese forces
Occupied Guam, Wake Island, and Hong Kong
The "Black Tuesday" crash of October 29, 1929,
Occurred when all efforts to save the stock market failed
In the presidential campaign of 1920, republican Warren Harding
Offered a few concrete proposals and no soaring ideals Promise to return the country to "normalcy"
The purpose of the Washington Conference of 1921 was to
Prevent a naval armaments race among the US, Britain, and Japan
Neville Chamberlain was _____ the Munich agreement.
Prime minister of Great Britain and one of the chief architects of
After A.Philip Randolph planned a massive march on Washington to demand integration in companies that held defense contracts, President Roosevelt
Promised to establish the Fair Employment Practices Commission.
What happened as the unemployed began looking for help to feed their families?
Public relief collapsed in many places
In the 1920s, motherhood was
Redefined
The National Recovery Administration focused on
Regulating a wide range of businesses.
On which of the following issues did Franklin Roosevelt break most sharply with Hoover?
Relations with Latin America
Middle-class women of the 1920s
Remained largely in the home
As Wilson's support for the military prepared to screw in 1915 to 1916, the peace faction of the Democratic Party
Remained strong and active
Starting in 1921, there was a twelve-year period during which the office of the president and the power of Congress rested in the hands of the _____ party
Republican
Out of the postwar turmoil, Supreme Court jurisprudence began to
Robustly defend the right to free speech
Facing the British and Americans in northern Africa were the German Forces of General
Rommel
What happened in the elections of 1932?
Roosevelt beat Hoover in a landslide, and the Democrats won majorities in both houses of Congress
What happened at a peace conference in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1905?
Roosevelt pressure pressured to except Japan's territorial gains
Which of the following would be considered a pink collar job in the 1920s?
Secretary Sales clerk Telephone operator
As President, Warren G. Harding
Seemed baffled by his responsibilities
Which of the following best describes the position of Native Americans in the wartime economy?
Some Native American worked in War plants, though they had to leave their reservations to do so.
In support of the canal project in Panama, the Roosevelt administration did which of the following?
Supported a local revolution Landed troops in the area Recognized Panamanian independence
The main reason that Stalin authorized a North Korean invasion of the South was to
blunt a potential South Korean offensive that might put a pro-Western government at its doorstep
In 1939, after the Soviet Union signed a nonaggression pact with Nazi Germany, the American Communist Party
broke from the Soviet Union
At the beginning of war, Woodrow Wilson
called on Americans to remain neutral
Containment was criticized by left-wing critics for
causing a strain in relations between the United States and the Soviet Union
Bitter strikes in the _____ industries required Truman's intervention in 1946
coal and railroad
The Roosevelt administration established work-relief programs that
constructed roads, dams, and other infrastructure projects planted trees and developed parks
In response to President Franklin Roosevelt's first days in office and his call for a "bank holiday," the American people
felt a mixture of relief and hope
The basis of much the economic development in the West was
government funding for water projects.
Prior to entering the White House, Franklin Delano Roosevelt was
governor of New York
As the conflict continued, the Committee on Public Information's pro-war propaganda
grew increasingly lurid
During Joseph McCarthy's investigation into alleged subversion in government
he never produced conclusive evidence that any federal employee was a communist
Truman supported the corrupt and incompetent government of Chiang Kai-shek because
he was afraid of a communist takeover of China
When Truman intervened in a steel strike in 1952
his actions were ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court
As the Depression took hold, African-Americans
in service jobs were displaced by unemployed whites
Protest movements sparked by the Depression first appeared
in the middle of 1932
The federal loyalty program waa
initiated by Truman
The administration of Syngman Rhee, South Korea's leader at the time of the North Korean invasion, was
nominally democratic but anticommunist
Much of the anticommunist furor in the United States emerged from
politically motivated attacks by the Republicans on the Democrats
With the discovery of the theory of modulation, the capabilities of __________ moved beyond Morse code to voice and music
radio
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930 was an attempt to help farmers by
raising tariffs on a variety of imported farm products
In the 1930s, Dale Carnegie's How to Win Friends and Influence People
reassured people that their individual initiative could restore their prosperity
The New Deal failed to do which of the following?
recognize the full value of government spending as a vehicle for recovery end the Depression.
When the Republican Party took control of both houses in the 1946 election, it moved to
reduce government spending and chip away at New Deal reforms
In the period between Roosevelt's election and his inauguration, he
refused Hoover's demands
When the Treaty of Versailles was sent to the Senate by the Foreign Relations Committee with nearly fifty amendments and reservations, Wilson
refused to accept any of them
The Federal Emergency Relief Administration disbursed cash grants to support bankrupt
relief agencies
Chinese premier Chiang Kai-shek was
reluctant to confront the Japanese
After the war, demand among women for paid employment
remained high throughout the country
During his first two years in office, among the general public, Franklin Roosevelt was
remarkably popular
Which of the following best describes the results of the 1952 elections?
the Republicans took control of the White House and both houses of Congress
By the end of 1945 the Korean peninsula had been occupied by troops from
the United States and the Soviet Union
The United Nations Security Council, which was created at the Yalta conference, was to include permanent representatives from which five nations?
the United States, Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and China
As new industries such as plastics and electronics were developing in the 1920s, their economic impact can best be described by which of the following statements?
They were too underdeveloped to make up for the decline of industries like construction and automobiles
Wendell Willkie, Franklin Roosevelt's principal opponent in the presidential election of 1940, had support from
Time and Life magazines
Why, above all, did factories adopt a paternalistic techniques a welfare capitalism?
To avoid disruptive labor unrest
Why did Roosevelt argue that the United States should be able to make armaments available to the Allied armies?
To counter the military advantage that the large German munitions industry gave Hitler.
What was the purpose of the "war boards" that organize the national economy into specific sectors?
To meet essential war needs without paralyzing the domestic economy
In 1924, Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon and President Coolidge succeeded in
Trimming the federal budget and retiring half of the nations war debt
In the postwar period, the Soviet Union wanted to control Central and Eastern Europe and use the region as a protective buffer against the West
True
Rising nationalism and elevation of many powerful, belligerent governments across the world was the beginning of a process that ultimately led to war
True
The Committee on Public Information encouraged reporters to exercise "self-censorship" when covering the war
True
The Search for an atomic weapon was based in part on some on the founding ideas of modern physics that were developed by Albert Einstein.
True
The United States was never a member of the League of Nations
True
The desire to economically strengthen Western European nations was due to a fear they might fall under control of domestic communist parties
True
What effectively ended opposition to public development of the nation's power and water resources.
The collapse of a major utility conglomerate
Fundamentalist were largely (although not entirely) from
The countryside
What impact did the New Deal have on American politics?
The creation of a coalition among Democrats that would dominate for more than thirty years.
Herbert Hoover's concept of "associationalism" envisioned
The creation of national organizations a businessman in particular industries
To help farmers, Hoover proposed which of the following?
The creation of of a national Farm Board A federal program to maintain crop prices
According to the Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe doctrine, the United States have the right to intervene
The domestic affairs of any neighbor unable to maintain order
Who orchestrated the Palmer Raids against alleged radicals?
The federal government
The Munich agreement of 1938 was ______ the policy of appeasement.
The foundation of
German foreign minister Arthur Zimmermann's telegram to the government of Mexico primarily involved
The idea that Mexico could regain its "lost provinces" in the American Southwest if it joined the war on Germany side
Who was Frances Perkins?
The nation's first female cabinet member
What was the one long-term consequence of the New Deal?
The national government began to assume a responsibility for the basic welfare of the people.
Which of the following are true of the American stock market before it collapsed in 1929?
The number of shares traded daily soared Stock prices had been steadily ascending for a year and a half
Which of the following factors was key to the growth of commercial radio?
The reliability of vacuum tubes
Which of the following occurred in the presidential election of 1920?
The result was a reflection of the general sense of disillusionment felt by the American public after the end of World War I Republican Warren Harding won in a landslide Wilsons postwar vision was repudiated by voters
What happened that caused Roosevelt's "Court-packing plan" to be unnecessary?
The supreme court began to take a more moderate stance and upheld several New Deal programs.
The stock market boom of 1928 in the first half of 1929 was characterized by
The use of credit to buy stock
Attacks by German submarines caused Roosevelt to declare
The western Atlantic a neutral zone
What did the Farmers' Holiday Association advocate?
The withholding of crops from the market
The fact that only a small portion of the profits from increased agricultural and industrial production went to potential consumers was a factor in the length and severity of the Great Depression because
There was no adequate market for the goods the economy was producing
Unemployed workers in industrial cities in the Northeast and Midwest could not find jobs for which of the following reasons?
There were essentially no jobs available
Which of the following is true of the Americans fighting in the two theaters of the war?
They represented a cross-section of the country.
Which of the following correctly describes the status of people of Mexican descent as a Depression worsened?
They were often forced to leave the country They were routinely denied relief benefits
Which of the following describes Theodore Roosevelt view of the "civilized" nations of the world?
They were predominantly white They were predominantly Anglo-Saxon and Teutonic
What having to most of those arrested in the Palmer Raids?
They were released
When Harry S. Truman assumed the presidency, he viewed Stalin with deep suspicion and even hatred
True
World War II was by fat the deadliest war in history.
True
Which of the following most embodied the flapper lifestyle of the 1920s?
Working class single women
Before the 1920s, birth control pioneer Margaret Sanger had focus on her efforts on
Working class women
Joseph McCarthy was
a Republican senator
NATO was founded by
a coalition of twelve nations
During the 1930s, listening to the radio was usually _____ experience
a community
To Wilson, a broader purpose for U.S. intervention was
a new era of democracy, open diplomacy, and self-determination
The term "New Deal" originated in
a speech Roosevelt made at the start of the 1932 campaign
The most conspicuous method that the government used to engender support for the war was
a vast journalistic propaganda campaign
By the end of the war,German technology was
advanced but could not produce in the numbers Allied industry could.
The Tennessee Valley Authority was
an experiment in regional planning by the federal government
Which of the following describes Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist Party?
anti-Semitic militaristic
The Popular Front was a broad coalition of _____ groups
antifascist
The fear of nuclear weapons and nuclear destruction
appeared widely in popular culture
The United States government acquired definite knowledge of the Holocaust
as early as 1942
On more than one occasion, in the period between the election and the inauguration, Herbert Hoover
asked Roosevelt to pledge to maintain his economic policies, and Roosevelt declined
A resumption in the movie-going habits of Americans in the 1930s was in part due to the fact that movies were
becoming more appealing
As it related to the money supply, Roosevelt
believed the United States needed a more fluid money,supply.
To Wilson, the most important victory at the Paris Peace Conference was
Acceptance of the covenant of the League of Nations
The role of the 1920s Republican administrations in world affairs could best be described as
Active
In his novel The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald
Criticize the American obsession with material success
The rural Protestant Americans who continued to support prohibition did so because of
Cultural fears
The agreement that formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
-called for the maintenance of standing military force in Europe -declared that an attack on one member nation was attack on all
Which of the following are true casualties in World War II
-Fourteen million combatants died in the struggle -More than a million Americans were killed or wounded -Fifty million or more civilians may have perished over the course of the war.
Which of the following statements about Herbert Hoover are true?
-He had a few opportunities to prove himself as president before economic disaster hit the nation -His election encouraged many progressives
What accusations were characteristic of those levied against Roosevelt in the "whispering campaign" of 1935?
-He was a drug addict -He was insane
Which of the following statements about Roosevelt's commissioner of Indian affairs, John Collier, are true?
-He was influenced by the work of twentieth-century anthropologists. -He drew heavily on the concept of cultural relativism. -He promoted legislation that restored the tribes right to elect tribal governments.
Conservatives who disapproved of Roosevelt's policies said that
-He was moving away from the nation's traditions -His strategies would lead to enormous concentration of power in the hands of appointed officials. -He was no longer protecting individual freedom and was instead promoting fascism and communism
Which of the following statement regarding the New Deal and women are true?
-Many occupations dominated by women were excluded from Social Security. -New Deal relief agencies offered relatively little deployment for women. -Women were encouraged to leave the workplace to open jobs for men.
Why did congress abolish the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?
-Mass unemployment decreased the need for such programs. -Conservatives in Congress were eager to dismantle the New Deal.
Roosevelt's proposed reform of the tax system in 1935
-Seemed to be an attempt to undermine the appeal of his political rival,Huey Long -Would have created the highest peacetime tax rates in history.
Which of the following fell to the Japanese in the first half of 1942?
-Singapore -Burma -The Dutch East Indies
Which of the following statements regarding the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor are accurate?
-The Japanese suffered light losses in the attack. -American aircraft carriers were out at sea and escaped the attack. -More that 2,400 American soldiers and sailors died in the attack. -Many American authorities had believed Japan was incapable of an attack on Pearl Harbor.
Which of the following contributed to a sharp rise in agricultural productivity during the 1920s?
-The development of chemical pesticides and fertilizers -The addition of new acreage -The proliferation of tractors and other machinery
Which of the following contributed significantly to bringing and end to the New Deal?
-The growing threat of world crisis growing congressional opposition
Which of the following emerged out of the end of World War II
-The increased power and influence of the United States -Emerging antagonism between the United States and Russia.
Which of the following describe how the military regarded illicit sexual relationships?
-The military tolerated illicit heterosexual relationships. -The military was intolerant of homosexual relationships
The Marshall Plan was motivated, in part, by which of the following?
-a desire to ensure that Europe would not be an economic drain on the United States -humanitarian concern -a desire to improve the market for US exports
Which of the following describe the vision of the postwar world that appealed to Roosevelt and many other Americans?
-an international organization serving as arbiter of disputes and protector of every nation's right of self-determination -nations governing their relations with one another through democratic processes
Huey P. Long was known for
-serving as the governor of Louisiana, and later as a senator -Strident attacks on banks, oil companies, utilities, and conservative politicians. -Promoting a radical plan to stimulate the economy by taking money from wealthy citizens and giving it to the lower classes
How many American banks, roughly, went bankrupt or closed to avoid bankruptcy between 1930 and 1933?
9,000
What prompted the emergence of a powerful trade union movement during the 1930's
A combination of government effort and increased worker militancy
Because 1920s prosperity had depending on a few basic industries, one factor that likely contributed to the length and severity of the Great Depression was
A lack of economic diversification
The Democratic Party in the 1920s was
A mix of urban and rural factions
Wilson's Fourteen Points included which of the following?
A proposal for a League of Nations General principles to govern international conduct Recommendations for adjusting postwar boundaries
One of the most popular creations of the 1930s, Gone With the Wind, can best be described as which of the following?
A romantic epic A saga set in an earlier era
Between 1920 and 1921, postwar inflation causes severe recession marked by
A sharp decline in the gross national product The bankruptcy of 100,000 businesses The loss of nearly 5 million jobs
The Paris Peace Conference was colored by which of the following?
A spirit of national self-interest A sense of unease about communism
The leader of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters was
A. Phillip Randolph
Which of the following describes Hoover's new American Latin America policy?
America would grant diplomatic recognition to any sitting government no matter how it had obtained power
The Dawes Plan was an agreement in which
American banks provided loans to Germany that were used to repay German war reparations
On their arrival in Europe, American strategists suggested.
An invasion of France.
Under the lend-lease system, the federal government was authorized to lend or lease armaments to
Any nation deemed vital to American defense.
During the last eighteen months of Woodrow Wilson's presidency, he
Became even more resistant to compromise Was essentially an invalid
Why did Margaret Sanger focus her initial promotion of birth control on working class women?
Because she believed that large families contributed to poverty and distress
To calm the financial panic that was sweeping the nation, Roosevelt
Began to construct a diverse and ambitious program of legislation
Theodore Roosevelt's early support of the development of American see power it was a result of his
Belief in America's duty to police the world
The growth of the American automobile industry during the 1920s
Benefited businesses in many other fields
As the United States entered World War I, which two of the following made it clear that a major commitment of American ground forces was going to be necessary?
Britain and France had few remaining soldiers in reserve. More German troops could fight on the western front due to Russia's exit from the war.
The promise to accept nothing less than an unconditional surrender from the Germans would be significant to the Soviets because it meant that
Britain and the US would not negotiate a separate peace and leave the Soviets to fight alone
Roosevelt's first task upon taking office was to
Calm the panic that was creating chaos in the financial system
Deadlock at the 1924 Democratic National Convention resulted in the nomination of John W. Davis, who lost decisively to
Calvin Coolidge
Who was America's principal ally in Asia during World War II
China
MacArthur's invasion of North Korea appeared to be on its way to victory until
China intervened
Calvin Coolidge's administration ended when he
Chose not to run for the reelection in 1928
Which of the following helped lead to a revolution in Panama?
Columbia refused to ratify a treaty regarding the canal
Which of the following types of programs were among the staples of radio broadcasting during the 1930s?
Comedies Adventures Soap Operas
Which organization, begun in 1942, organized sit-ins and demonstrations in segregated facilities to publicize the plight of African Americans
Congress of Racial Equality
Which two industries were the most important to the health of the American economy in the 1920's?
Construction automobiles
World War I emerged most directly out of a(n)
Controversy involving nationalist movements in the Austro-Hungarian Empire
The Munich conference of 1938 precipitated by a crisis over
Czechoslovakia
Who was the Republican candidate in the presidential election of 1952?
Dwight D. Eisenhower
The young general placed in charge of the American invasion of German-occupied France was
Dwight Eisenhower
During the 1920s, the Asian population in the western United States
Encompassed immigrants from a wide range of countries, including the Philippines
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was intended to
Encourage the growth of local industries Improve the economy of the entire Tennessee River Valley Increase the productivity of local farmers
Which of the following is true of the standing army of the United States at the time it entered the war in 1917?
Enlistments were not adequate, so a national draft was instituted
At the same time Roosevelt was hoping to negotiate the Treaty of Portsmouth, he
Entered into a secret agreement with Japan to ensure free trade for America in the region
The National Recovery Administration did which of the following?
Established a minimum wage for labor Made child industrial labor illegal Set a standard for the maximum hours one could work in a week Set floors under prices
An emergency immigration act passed by Congress in 1921
Established a quota system based on nationality
In the domain republic and Haiti, Wilson
Established military occupations that lasted for years
As a result of the Dawes Plan
European nations grew increasingly indebted to American banks and corporations
American strategists planned two board offensives against the Japanese, which they hoped would
Eventually come together to invade Japan
Which of the following made it difficult for the United States to deal with the belligerents on equal terms?
Extensive trade ties with Britain Public sympathies for Britain
Roosevelt's attempt to install new justices on the Supreme Court.
Failed in Congress
Despite the fears of radicalism by many in the American public, the American Communist Party was an open, patriotic organization
False
During the 1930s, leading magazines focused almost exclusively on the social conditions of the nation
False
In the major industrial cities of the North and Midwest, unemployment, while severe, never exceeded 50%
False
The 1929 "Black Tuesday" crash of the stock market was the main cause of the "Great Depression"
False
The Social Security Act omitted all provisions for direct, need-based assistance.
False
The United States government knew that there was going to be an attack on American soil but did nothing to stop it.
False
The economic success and hard work of Asian immigrants resulted in their acceptance in California during the New Era
False
The issue of race was significant part of the New Deal's agenda.
False
The vast majority of soldiers during the war had volunteered their service.
False
Women are the New Era maintain a rigid, Victoria female respectability in all aspects of their lives
False
Which of the following events occurred in the weeks following the assassination of Archduke Frans Ferdinand
Germany declared war on both Russia and France Russia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire became hostilities Germany invaded Belgium
Roosevelt wanted the US government to police the world. He built up the Navy until, by 1906, it was second in size only to the Navy of
Great Britain
Which of the Allies were most concerned with preserving their spheres of influence in the postwar world?
Great Britain and the Soviet Union
Why was the passage of the lend-lease program necessary?
Great Britain was bankrupt and could no longer afford the cash-and-carry requirements.
The migration of African Americans out of the rural south______the war.
Greatly increased during
In the 1930's, American workers
Grew more militant and powerful
Ratified in the summer of 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment
Guaranteed women the right to vote
Who was in the Baltimore journalist who ridiculed many cherished beliefs about politics, religion, and the arts?
H.L. Mencken
In the election of 1916, one of the most prominent arguments of Wilson supporters for his reelection was that he
Had kept the country out of war
The administrator of the Works Progress Administration was
Harry Hopkins
How did Roosevelt respond to the issue of was debts?
He ended the payment system Hoover had established and allowed the issue to die.
Which of the following hampered Truman's ability to "get tough" with the Soviets after assuming office?
He had little leverage over Russia and was unable to enter into a renewed conflict in Europe
What was Hoover's position with regard to European war debts?
He refused to cancel war debts to the United States
Which of the following are true of the Espionage Act of 1917?
It gave the government new tools with which to combat spying and sabotage It embraced a broad definition of "obstruction of the war effort"
The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 accomplished which of the following?
It gave tribes the right to elect tribal governments. It restored to the tribes the right to own land collectively.
Which of the following statements correctly describe the Abraham Lincoln Brigade?
It included several thousand Americans It was directed by the American Communist Party
Which of the following is true of the new military technology that was used in World War I?
It led to trench warfare It required elaborate maintenance
Which of the following is true of prohibition?
It resulted in an increase in organized crime
Which of the following is true of the Socialist Party of America in the 1930s?
It sought support by citing the economic crisis as evidence of the failure of capitalism
Which of the following is true of Wilson's campaign to get the Senate to ratify the Treaty of Versailles?
It was a grueling, cross-country speaking tour that exhausted Wilson and eventually resulted in him suffering a stroke
Which of the following is true about swing music?
It was an African American musical form.
Some of the isolationist sentiment of the 1930s was the result of a Senate Investigation led by Gerald Nye of North Dakota that claimed to have evidence that
U.S. involvement in World War I was the result of pressure by wall Street and munitions makers.
The war_____efforts to revive tribal autonomy for Native Americans.
Undermined
How were Hispanics treated by whites during the Depression?
Unemployed whites demanded their jobs
Believing that the company of friendly, "wholesome" women was critical to sustaining morale, the______ recruited thousands of young women to serve as hostesses in their clubs.
United Service Organization
Which of the following groups were part of the New Deal political coalition?
Urban Blacks Liberals and Progressives Western and southern farmers The working class
Until the 1930's,_________ were largely successful in blocking public development of the nation's power and water resources.
Utility Companies
On the surface, what led European naval forces to blockade the coast of Venezuela in 1902?
Venezuela had begun to renege on debts to European bankers
Herbert Hoover believed that the avenue to economic stability was
Voluntary cooperation in the private sector
During twelve years of Republican control that began in 1921, how would the relationship between the federal government and the business community best be characterized?
Warm and supportive
Who among the following was elected president in 1920 and is generally remembered as being ill suited for office?
Warren G. Harding
Leaving labor organizations ________ women in pink collar positions
Were generally uninterested in organizing
In 1940 and 1941, German submarines
Were having a major impact on shipping throughout the Atlantic.
Prior to the Election of 1916, what is you sparked a heated debate between pacifists an interventionists in the United States?
Whether the US should make military and economic preparations for the war
During the period leading up to the collapse of the stock market,
Widespread speculative fever grew steadily more intense
After World War I, views on motherhood shift it toward a belief that
Women should rely on expert opinions of doctors and other professionals to raise a child
In the presidential election of 1936, Roosevelt
Won in a landslide
In the presidential election of 1916,
Woodrow Wilson won by a small margin
In the pacific in early 1934,U.S. submarines
devastated Japanese shipping and the Japanese economy.
When several Latin American nations defaulted on debt payments to the United States in 1931, Hoover
did not allow American intervention
In Korea at the end of the war, the United States and the Soviet Union
divided the nation between them along the 38th parallel
A 1948 public opinion poll revealed that a majority of Americans believed atomic power would
do more good than harm in the long run
In 1949, Truman was able to get Congress to pass a national health insurance program
false
The World War II experience was generally similar among all participants in the war, no matter in what position they served.
false
The most important agent of the economic charge that came with the war was
federal spending
What effects did the New Deal have on the American economy?
it elevated new interest groups that could challenge the power of corporations. It increased the regulatory functions of the federal government over the economy.
The lend-lease system was established after
it passed Congress by wide margins.
At the Yalta conference,
it was agreed the Soviet Union should regain land lost in the 1904 Russo-Japanese War
How did the Second New Deal differ from earlier programs?
it was less friendly to corporate interests.
The American Expeditionary Forces
joined Allied forces in turning back a series of new German assaults.
Sit-down strikes involved sitting down in the workplace and refusing to work or leave, a tactic that
kept the company from being able to use strikebreakers.
The terms of Agricultural Adjustment Act favored
large landowners over small ones
In response to the growing criticism of the New Deal, Roosevelt
launched "Second New Deal" legislation
Under the terms of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, the government paid fees to farmers for
leaving some of their land idle
After mid-1931, Herbert Hoover was
less willing to increase spending, and more worried about maintaining a balanced budget
The results of the 1946 elections
made Truman's efforts to pass the Fair Deal more difficult
The Southern Tenant Farmers Union, supported by the Socialist Party of America, was
made up of sharecroppers and tenant farmers of African American and white communities
In the mid-1930s, the American Communist Party _____ Franklin Roosevelt
maintained its high praise of
As new technologies were introduced over the course of the war, trench warfare
replaced the old way of fighting in open fields sheltered troops from machine guns and artillery could not protect troops from mustard gas
Most industrial workers in the United States saw the standard of living __________ over the course of the 1920s
rise
Over the course of the war, the size of the civilian workforce
rose significantly
Support for prohibition tended to be strongest among
rural Protestants
In the 1920s best seller The Man Nobody Knows, Jesus Christ was portrayed as a
salesman
For women, companionate marriages tended to involve an increased focus on which of the following?
sexuality
At the end of the Depression, ______ women were working than had been doing so at the beginning
slightly fewer
Which of the following best characterizes Josef Stalin's priorities on the Korean peninsula?
strategic for security purposes
In the 1930's, organized labor was
strengthened by New Deal Legislation.
Which of the following helped ensure that most movies in the 1930s remained safely uncontroversial?
studio system censors employed by the industry
The battle of Okinawa used kamikaze attacks, which involved
suicide missions
Which of the following weapons first came into wide use in World War I?
tanks mustard gas
One advantage that women had in the workplace during the Depression was that
the nonprofessional jobs they traditionally held were less vulnerable than male jobs in heavy industry
Industrialists during the 1920s were worried about
the overproduction of goods
To finance the war, the U.S. government relied primarily on which of the following?
the sale of bonds new taxes
What country pressed for an Allied invasion of France to take place at the earliest possible moment?
the soviet union
African Americans who left the rural South in the 1930s settle primarily in
the urban North
In the early 1940s, the focus on that reform that characterized the policies of the New Deal shifted to focus on
the war in Europe
Which of the following industries would be more likely to consolidate?
those dependent on large-mass production
Which of the following of Stalin's demands did Roosevelt and Churchill refuse to accept at their meeting in Casablanca in January 1943?
to open up a second front in Western Europe to help the Red Army fight off a German invasion
In his relations with Latin America, Hoover
tried to repair some of the damage done by previous American policies
The Holding Company Act of 1935, a major antitrust effort, was aimed primarily at
utilities
War expenses
vastly increased the federal budget
By the late 1940s the use of nuclear power for electronically generation was
viewed positively by the public, and plants were springing up in many areas of the country
Throughout the 1930s, the American Communist Party
was closely supervised by the Soviet Union
The States' Rights Party
was formed by former Democrats
Some Americans supported isolationism because they felt the League of Nations.
was ineffective at preventing Japanese expansion in Asia.
The McCarran Internal Security Act
was opposed by Truman
