HIST 307 - MASTER SHEET

https://quizlet.com/205211880/western-civ-chapters-8-10-flash-cards/

- Chapter 8 - deals with classical Rome and the shaping of Christianity. As you read this chapter, I'd like you to contrast it to the previous chapters on China, Persia, and the Greeks.

Who was Gilgamesh? A real king of Uruk, said to be semi-divine in his epic tale An explorer who opened new paths for trade Sumerian god of beer production Hammurabi's successor as king A scribe in Babylon who wrote the Epic

A real king of Uruk, said to be semi-divine in his epic tale

Who did the Hebrews believe was their first patriarch, or leader, from about 2000 B.C.E.? Ishmael Adam Isaac Noah Abraham

Abraham

The evolution of primitive primates into hominids began on what continent? North America Asia Africa Australia Europe

Africa

What was the supreme god of Zoroastrianism? Zoroaster Marduk Yahweh Ahura Mazda Zeus

Ahura Mazda

The original settlers of the Japanese islands were the Koreans Ainu Mongolians Melanesians Chinese

Ainu

Which of the following does NOT refer to a script or a language? Mandinka Amanitere Meroitic Geez Nilotic

Amanitere

The Hittites were originally from Anatolia Persia Caucasus India Egypt

Anatolia

Where is the Greek city of Miletus located? Peloponnesus Crete Persia Attica Anatolia

Anatolia

The state of Tiwanaku was located in what mountain range? Rocky Mountains Victoria Falls Andes Citlatepetl Guiana Highlands

Andes

In 1400 B.C.E., the Chinese rule Pan Keng had a new capital city built called Peking Anyang Xian Chang-an Luoyang

Anyang

Of all the islands settled by the Polynesians, which was the largest? Fiji Correct! Aotearoa Tahiti Palau Mangareva

Aotearoa

The Swahili favored what culture in architecture, dress, and ideas of inheritance? Bantu Correct! Arab Yoruba Nilotic Egyptian

Arab

What army defeated the Tang at the Battle of the Talas River in 751? India Vietnam Correct! Arab Korean Mongol

Arab

In addition to the Islamic faith, what else were Muslims spreading? Correct! Arabic language Christianity monasticism plague tribal organization

Arabic language

What was the official language of the Persian Empire? Greek Babylonian Turkish Aramaic Egyptian

Aramaic

What Greek philosopher was particularly influential on Islamic philosophy during its golden age? Anaximander Plato Correct! Aristotle Diogenes Thales

Aristotle

Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Aristophanes are all Greek tyrants Athenian playwrights Athenian politicians Athenian generals Greek philosophers

Athenian playwrights

What Greek city-state defeated the Persians in the second Greco-Persian war at the battle of Salamis? Corinth Athens Persepolis Sparta Miletus

Athens

Complex urban communities developed everywhere by 3000 B.C.E except where? Southeast Asia Europe North America Australia South America

Australia

To where did the Mongols move the capital of China? Chang-an Keifeng Hangzhou Canton Correct! Beijing

Beijing

What city on the Ganges was a popular pilgrimage site for bhakti, which was believed to be city where sins were washed away? Agra Somnath Correct! Benares Cambay Lahore

Benares

What was one of the first African kingdoms to encounter European explorers in the fifteenth century? Ife Oyo Songhai Ghana Correct! Benin

Benin

In 60-61 B.C.E. the Romans faced a revolt from the Celtic queen Boudica in what region? Spain northern Italy Britain Gaul Balkans

Britain

Tantric sects developed within both Hinduism and what other religion? Correct! Buddhism Islam Daoism Christianity Judaism

Buddhism

The Mauryan emperor Ashoka underwent a religious conversion to Christianity Jainism Judaism Shintoism Correct! Buddhism

Buddhism

Under the Tang, what became the dominant religion of China? Christianity Islam Hinduism animism Correct! Buddhism

Buddhism

What did Ashoka spread to Afghanistan, Southeast Asia, and Sri Lanka? Correct! Buddhism small pox a slave network the silk road Hinduism

Buddhism

What faith did King Harsha Vardhana practice? Correct! Buddhism Shinto Christianity Islam Hinduism

Buddhism

What religion did Khubilai Khan favor? Islam Christianity Confucianism Correct! Buddhism Hinduism

Buddhism

What was the dominant religion of Silla Korea? Christianity Shinto Correct! Buddhism Islam Daoism

Buddhism

What two religions co-existed in Sri Lanka for two thousand years? Correct! Buddhism and Hinduism Buddhism and Jainism Buddhism and Zoroastrianism Buddhism and Christianity Buddhism and native animism

Buddhism and Hinduism

What group in China did Emperor Wuzong persecute in ninth century China? Confucian scholars merchants mandarins Correct! Buddhists foreigners

Buddhists

The Han controlled either directly or indirectly all of the following states except Vietnam Korea Burma Xanjiang Mongolia

Burma

Who replaced Cyrus the Great when he was killed in 530 B.C.E.? Darius I Cyrus II Xerxes Cambyses II Alexander the Great

Cambyses II

Zheng Ho's voyages of discovery included all of the following places except: India Correct! Canary Islands Persian Gulf East Africa Red Sea

Canary Islands

One of the most famous Phoenician colonies was the north African city of Byblos Carthage Tyre Sidon Knossus

Carthage

The Qin began the first Great Wall to defend against the Romans Central Asian warriors the Japanese the Koreans the Han

Central Asian warriors

The Assyrians were defeated by a coalition of other city-states, led by the Hebrews Chaldeans Persians Akkadians Hittites

Chaldeans

In the tenth century, Vietnamese settlers expanded southward into what region? Khmer Thai China Correct! Champa Japan

Champa

Japan's first capital city, Nara, was modeled on what other city? Constantinople Rome Baghdad Beijing Correct! Chang'an

Chang'an

The Silk Road caravans began their journey outside the walls of what Chinese city? Luoyang Chang'an Zhengzhou Peking Anyang

Chang'an

What Chinese city was the world's largest city in the seventh and eighth century, with two million inhabitants? Correct! Chang'an Hangzhou Keifeng Beijing Canton

Chang'an

Who was crowned "Emperor of the Romans" on Christmas Day, 800? Pepin the Short Correct! Charlemagne Otto the Great Pope Leo III Lothar

Charlemagne

In 752, Arab armies defeated what society at a battle at the Talas River? Sassanian Franks Correct! China Spain Berbers

China

Most Central Asians came to accept Arab domination and Islam, especially after the Arabs defeated whom at the Battle of Talas in 751? India the Mongols the Sogdians the Turks Correct! China

China

The Buddhist monk Xuan Zang who explored India in the seventh century was from where? Korea Japan Sri Lanka Correct! China Turkistan

China

Vietnam's imperial system was modeled on what other country? Correct Answer China You Answered Japan Delhi Sultanate Mongols Rome

China

During the Silla era, Koreans adapted what written language to write their own? Japanese Phoenician Correct! Chinese Latin Cuneiform

Chinese

Which of the following was not one of the many cultures that made up the Persian Empire? Greeks Mesopotamians Chinese Indians Egyptians

Chinese

What Indian state's navy controlled the eastern Indian Ocean trade? Chochin You Answered Delhi Sultanate Correct Answer Cholas Kerala Angkor Wat

Cholas

The Hellenistic religions are believed to have influenced the development of Judaism Mithraism Christianity Judaism Hinduism

Christianity

Which of the following was NOT a teaching of Paul of Tarsus? women should be silent in church spiritual equality non-Jews could become Christians celibacy was better than marriage Christians had to follow Jewish laws

Christians had to follow Jewish laws

Octavian gained control of Egypt when he defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra Crassus Julius Caesar the Senate Augustus

Cleopatra

Most archaeologists believe that the earliest American culture was which of the following? Clovis Poverty Point Ainu Olmec Caral

Clovis

By the time of the Tang dynasty, the civil service exams focused on studying what material? Legalists texts from the Chin era a mixture of Chinese, Islamic, and Greek texts languages from throughout the Silk Road Greek philosophy Correct! Confucian texts

Confucian texts

Of all the major Zhou philosophical schools, which did Li Si and Qin dynasty despise the most? Legalism Confucianism Rhetoricians Buddhists Daoists

Confucianism

Which Roman emperor briefly re-unified the Empire after Diocletian, and established a new capital on the Bosporus? Domitian Constantine Septimus Severus Marcus Aurelius Augustus

Constantine

Which Roman emperor made Christianity a legal religion in the empire? Diocletian Augustus Constantine Marcus Aurelius Nero

Constantine

In 1453 Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror took what important city? Cairo Baghdad Rome Damascus Correct! Constantinople

Constantinople

What branch of Christianity did the Nubian church belong to? Roman Catholic Gnosticism Greek Orthodox Coptic Arianism

Coptic

Beginning in 1570 B.C.E. the New Kingdom pharaohs had abandoned their isolationism; which of the following was not one of the places they attacked? Crete Nubia Palestine Syria Mesopotamia

Crete

The Minoan culture thrived on the island of Crete Minos Sicily Thera Cyprus

Crete

Who was the first king to create a Persian Empire? Cambyses II Xerxes Darius Cyrus the Great Darius III

Cyrus the Great

To what city did the Umayyad dynasty move the Caliphate? Mecca Medina Correct! Damascus Jerusalem Baghdad

Damascus

What philosophical system is attributed to Laozi? Cosmology Daoism Modified Confucianism Legalism Buddhist Confucianism

Daoism

Much of Northern India converted to Islam when what state was created there? Cholas Ghazni Tibet Correct! Delhi Sultanate Bihar

Delhi Sultanate

What are the earliest known cosmological traditions? Philosophical belief systems Divine creation stories explaining human existence Ideas based in scientific discovery Observations derived from geographic upheaval Universally-held creation myths

Divine creation stories explaining human existence

Most scholars believe that the Harappan spoke what kind of language? Semitic Dravidian Indo-European Demotic Bantu

Dravidian

What other imperial city fought with Akkad for control of northern Mesopotamia? Kish Nineveh Ebla Endu Lagash

Ebla

Except for three brief periods of independence, the African state of Nubia was usually dominated by what other state? Assyria Kush Oxus Egypt Persia

Egypt

In addition to Mesopotamia, the Assyrians also conquered much of India Greece Persia Parthia Egypt

Egypt

As Rome was rising, Mediterranean trade was dominated by the Etruscans and Carthage the Gauls and Germans Egypt and Carthage the Hebrews and Greeks Egypt and Greece

Egypt and Carthage

Before they developed their own writing style called Meroitic, what alphabet did the people of Kush use for the inscriptions on their monuments? Greek Egyptian hieroglyphics Phoenician Demotic Latin

Egyptian hieroglyphics

Qin Shi Huangdi means Master Teacher of the Qin Chief Warrior of the Qin First Minister of the Qin First Emperor of the Qin God Emperor of the Qin

First Emperor of the Qin

The Hundred Years' War was fought between England and what other country? Italy Germany Correct! France Denmark Spain

France

What Germanic group was Charlemagne king of when he was crowned emperor? Saxons Lombards Visigoths Ostrogoths Correct! Franks

Franks

Between 500 B.C.E. to 600 C.E., the salt trade was dominated by what peoples? Mande Bantu Guinea Garamante Soninke

Garamante

The city of Rome was plundered in 390 B.C.E. by Carthage Etruscans Gauls Greeks Persians

Gauls

Tacitus wrote a description of what people, using them as a contrast to what he saw as the fall in Roman values and standards? Celts Germanic tribes Chinese Egyptians Greeks

Germanic tribes

Which of the following works or persons is not associated with Homer? Gilgamesh The Iliad Achilles Agamemnon The Odyssey

Gilgamesh

Of all of Shi Huangdi's public works projects, the most famous was ever-level granaries Great Wall large treasury mail system Silk Road

Great Wall

From what culture did the Etruscans borrow heavily, including the alphabet? German Greece Hebrew Latins Celtic

Greece

The name "Mesopotamia," meaning "between the rivers" comes from what language? Greek Sumerian Assyrian Hittite Hebrew

Greek

Urdu is a combination of all of the following languages except Arabic Turkish Persian Correct Answer Greek You Answered Indian

Greek

Who won the battle of Marathon in 492 B.C.E.? Persians Phoenicians Macedonians Greeks no one

Greeks

Which of the following is not a place explored by Pytheas in the fourth century B.C.E.? Denmark Britain Greenland North Sea Irish Sea

Greenland

Which Roman Emperor had a wall built in northern England? Augustus Hadrian Septimus Severus Claudius Diocletian

Hadrian

The pinnacle of Han power came under the rule of which emperor? Han Taizong Han Li Si Han Menzi Han Wu Di Han Huangdi

Han Wu Di

Which of the following remains the most commonly spoken language in Africa today? Bantu Berber English Hausa Arabic (X)

Hausa

The Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt was what in origin? Carthaginian Roman Hellenistic Greek Indigenous to Egypt Hittite

Hellenistic Greek

Which of the following is not considered to be an Abrahamic faith? Christianity Catholicism Judaism Hinduism Islam

Hinduism

Ramses II in the 13th century B.C.E divided up Syria and Palestine with what other regional power? Lebanon Hittites Nubia Babylon Punt

Hittites

What culture built the Great Serpent Mound in Ohio about 2000 years ago? Anasazi Nazca Mogollon Hohokam Hopewell

Hopewell

Why is "big history" significant? "Big" events are the ones worth studying Only recently have humans begun to discuss humanity's place in the cosmos It is the sole way humans understand the flow of events Human history is best understood in a comprehensive ecological and cosmic framework It isn't; only humans themselves have impacted human history

Human history is best understood in a comprehensive ecological and cosmic framework

As Han Wu Di pushed the northern nomads to the west, some pushed into the Roman Empire, where they were known as the Goths Huns Mongols Golden Horde Picts

Huns

In which of the following states does Confucianism not have a significant impact? China Korea Vietnam India Japan

India

The first Greco-Persian war began when cities in what region rebelled against Persian rule? Ionia Thrace Persia Mesopotamia Egypt

Ionia

Although new religious and philosophical ideas usually mixed well with native Indian customs, which of the following was difficult to absorb? Buddhism Correct! Islam Christianity Confucianism Jainism

Islam

In c. 1400 C.E. the Christian Nubian state was conquered by people belonging to what religion? Coptic Christianity Islam Greek Orthodox Hinduism Zoroastrianism

Islam

The poet Kabir who mixed Hindu traditions with those of what other religion? Correct! Islam Christianity Zoroastrianism Daoism Judaism

Islam

What religion began to spread into the Sudan along the Saharan trade routes, beginning in the 800s? Christianity Correct! Islam Judaism Buddhism animism

Islam

Which of the following was not an economic problem of the western half of the Roman Empire in the third century? It had too few cities and did not collect enough in taxes. It produced a surplus of grain to export. Gold and silver mines were exhausted. There was a trade deficit with China. There was growing corruption and loss of civic spirit.

It produced a surplus of grain to export.

The European explorer Marco Polo was from where? France Spain Correct! Italy Greece England

Italy

After 2000 B.C.E., as farming became more production and the population grew rapidly, many Koreans migrated to China Vietnam Japan Mongolia Manchuria

Japan

During the Ming period, which of the following did not send tribute to China? Korea Indonesia Correct! Japan Cambodia Vietnam

Japan

Which of the following areas was NOT brought under the rule of Tang China? Correct Answer Japan Tibet Mongolia Manchuria You Answered Siberia

Japan

Which of the following areas was NOT brought under the rule of Tang China? Correct! Japan Tibet Mongolia Manchuria Siberia

Japan

The Crusades were wars intended to reclaim what for Christianity from Muslim control? Sicily Constantinople Correct! Jerusalem Greece Spain

Jerusalem

The communities of Falasha in northern Ethiopia belonged to what religion? Byzantine Christianity Catholicism Judaism Amharic nature worship Hinduism

Judaism

Artist Zhang Zeduan painted a scroll depicting what Chinese city? Chang-an Correct! Kaifeng Canton Hangzhou Beijing

Kaifeng

The kingdom of Angkor, in modern day Cambodia, was founded by what people? Burma Tamil Thai Correct! Khmer Javanese

Khmer

Which of the following was not one of the original Southeast Asian peoples? Vietnamese Papuans Melanesians Negritos Khmers

Khmers

Who completed the conquest of China in 1265? Genghis Khan Hulegu Khan Correct! Khubilai Khan Tamerlane ​Zheng He

Khubilai Khan

Which king was forced to sign the Magna Carta, which limited royal power? King Philip II of France Correct! King John of England Philip the Fair of France Frederick I of Germany King Henry of England

King John of England

What does "Rajput" mean?​ Correct Answer ​King's Sons You Answered ​Warrior ​Lowest Caste ​Noble King ​King's Guard

King's Sons

The three Classical-period Korean states were Koguryo, Yamato, and Annam Silla, Qin, and Sui Yen, Wu, and Sung Koguryo, Paekche, and Silla Qin, Han, and Zhou

Koguryo, Paekche, and Silla

Who invented the first metal moveable-type printing in 1234? China Byzantines Correct! Korea Arabs Italy

Korea

In addition to the Romans, what other people invented a method of heating houses through ductwork under the floors? Chinese Japanese Greeks Egyptians Koreans

Koreans

Which dynasty replaced the Silla to rule over Korea in 935? Koguryo Yi Yuan Paekche Correct! Koryo

Koryo

Who conquered and occupied Egypt in the eighth century B.C.E., only to be pushed out be the Assyrians? Persia Chaldeans Kush Kerma Hebrews

Kush

The Roman city-state was originally built by the Etruscans Carthaginians Latins Celts Greeks

Latins

What philosophy did the Qin dynasty favor? Confucianism Legalism tempered with Confucianism Daoism Legalist Daoism Legalism

Legalism

Eventually, most descendents of Indonesian settlers on the East African coast mixed with Bantu culture and moved to what island? Canary Katanga Madeira Zanzibar Madagascar

Madagascar

What universal religion became particularly popular in China during the Han dynasty? Mahayana Buddhism Christianity Hindiusm Theravada Buddhism Islam

Mahayana Buddhism

The Mauryan Empire at its height did NOT include which of the following? Magadha Punjab Sind Correct! Malabar the Deccan Plateau

Malabar

What god did Cyrus claim led him to conquer Babylonia? Zoroaster Amon-Ra Ahura Mazda Yahweh Marduk

Marduk

Who ruled over the Persians in 612 B.C.E., in an alliance with the Babylonians? Medes Hebrews Assyrians Hittites Phoenicians

Medes

The philosophers Thales and Anaximander were from what Greek city? Athens Miletus Corinth Delphi Ephesus

Miletus

The city of Cahokia was built at the juncture of the Mississippi and what other river? Ohio Red Arkansas Correct! Missouri Illinois

Missouri

Before becoming Muslims, the Il-Khanids belonged to what society? Correct! Mongol Tartar Jewish Franks Persian

Mongol

Iltutmish of the Delhi Sultanate successfully kept what army out of India? China Turkish Arab Hindu Correct! Mongol

Mongol

In the thirteenth century, who conquered China? Manchuria Correct! Mongols Japan Islam Europeans

Mongols

Coptic Christianity is based on which belief system?​ Monophysite ​Arian ​Zoroastrian Nestorian Hebrew

Monophysite

Coptic Christianity is based on which belief system?​ Monophysite ​Arian ​Zoroastrian ​Nestorian Hebrew

Monophysite

Where did the Carthaginian explorer Hanno sail to and establish trade posts and markets? Morocco and West Africa northern Europe eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea the Po Valley the Red Sea area

Morocco and West Africa

Whose raids did Charles Martel stop at the Battle of Tours in 732? Franks Saxons Romans Huns Correct! Muslims

Muslims

Which of the following empires did not at some time occupy one of the Hebrew states? Mycenae Assyria Chaldeans Persia Rome

Mycenae

Zhu Xi promoted what new philosophy in China? Correct! Neo-Confucianism Neo-Daoism Neo-Legalism Neo-Cosmology Neo-Rhetorics

Neo-Confucianism

What sect of Christianity had established itself in China by the Han and Tang dynasties? Coptic Byzantine Correct! Nestorian Arian Roman Catholic

Nestorian

Of the major African rivers, which is the most easily navigable over large distances? Blue Nile Congo Zambezi Niger Limpopo

Niger

The Sudan region is mostly dry soil, except for a agriculturally rich delta along what river? Niger Nile Congo Senegal Zambezi

Niger

The Greek historian Herodotus called Egypt the gift of what river? Tigris Nile Indus Oxus Euphrates

Nile

After Egypt, where do we find the first urban African state? Great Zimbabwe Nubia Ghana Carthage Mali

Nubia

Which of the following was NOT a name Europeans gave to southwestern Asia and the eastern Mediterranean coast? Near East Asia Minor Occident the Orient Levant

Occident

During which period of Egyptian history were the Great Pyramids of Giza built? Old Kingdom First Intermediate Period Middle Kingdom Second Intermediate Period New Kingdom

Old Kingdom

The Zapotec may have learned their writing system from what other Mesoamerican peoples? Teotihuacan Miztec Aztec Monte Alban Olmec

Olmec

The earliest known Mesoamerican urban society was the Maya Aztec Olmec Miztec Norte Chico

Olmec

Which of the following is not one of China's major river systems? Yellow Huang He Yangzi Oxus Xijiang

Oxus

Beginning around 1500 B.C.E., Melanesians began to explore and colonize what area? Northeast Asia Central Asia mountain ranges Mekong River Basin Pacific Islands Southeastern China

Pacific Islands

Where in the Americans was the Chumash culture located? coast of the Gulf of Mexico Pacific coast of North America Pacific coast of South America Atlantic coast of North America Bering Strait

Pacific coast of North America

What was the capital of the Mauryan state? Mathura Sanchi Correct! Patna Ayodhya Delhi

Patna

What social class dominated the Senate at the start of Rome's Republic? Plebeian Patrician Slaves Centuriates Etruscans

Patrician

What was the name of Darius' new Persian capital? Miletus Helicarnassus Ecbatana Persepolis Susa

Persepolis

The Sassanian Empire was a revival of what ancient empire? Persia Egyptian Greece Babylonian Roman

Persia

Of the divisions of Alexander's empire, what region did Seleucus get? Greece and Macedonia Persia and Mesopotamia Egypt eastern Mediterranean coast Ionia

Persia and Mesopotamia

What is the other name of the Achaemenid Empire? Babylonian Persian Medes Greek Aral

Persian

What is a satrap? Zoroastrian priest heir to the Persian throne general in the Persian army personal bodyguard to the Persian king Persian official who ruled over a province

Persian official who ruled over a province

In what modern South American nation were the Moche located? Brazil Peru Argentina Ecuador Chile

Peru

According to Roman Catholic tradition, who was the first bishop of Rome, and thus the first pope? Jesus Paul Constantine Peter Augustine

Peter

Who conquered the Greek cities in 338 B.C.E.? Philip of Macedon Alexander the Great Darius III of Persia Solon the Lawgiver Xerxes of Persia

Philip of Macedon

What was the first European country to explore the seas beyond Europe, especially the west coast of Africa? France Correct! Portugal England Italy Spain

Portugal

Who represented a destabilizing influence in Southeast Asia that altered the region after 1500? Correct! Portuguese Mongols Chinese Japanese Arabs

Portuguese

Where did Queen Hatshepsut send an expedition to find myrrh trees for her temple? Lebanon Kush Palestine Punt Indus Valley

Punt

Shi Huangdi was the first ruler of what dynasty? Qin Zhou Former Han Yuan Shang

Qin

King Aspelta of Kush believed he was the son of what god? Yahweh Ra Inanna Zeus Ahura Mazda

Ra

Darius I built an early version of the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean with the Black Sea Persian Gulf Nile River Red Sea Tigris River

Red Sea

During the first and second centuries B.C.E., Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt maintained their power with help from Carthage Rome Athens Phoenicia Persia

Rome

What powerful Roman city was plundered by Germans or Huns in 410, 452, and 455? Rome Constantinople Nicomedia Massilia Berenike

Rome

What city was the capital of Tamerlane's Timurid empire? Baghdad Correct! Samarkand Mecca Babylon Delhi

Samarkand

What language were the Vedas preserved in? Hindi Bengali Sanskrit Urdu Persian

Sanskrit

Who created the first empire that ended the independence of the Sumerian city-states? Hammurabi Sargon Enheduanna Solomon Tiglath-pileser

Sargon

What Indo-European people was Darius of Persia unable to defeat? Medes Aryans Scythians Hebrews Anatolians

Scythians

The first Crusade was a response to the expansion of what Muslim state into Byzantine territory? Fatimids Correct Answer Seljuk Turks Kurds You Answered Umayyads Abbasids

Seljuk Turks

To what language family does Arabic belong? Nilotic Bantu Correct! Semitic Afro-Asiatic Indo-European

Semitic

What is the first Chinese dynasty that can be fully documented? Xia Shang Longshan Qin Zhou

Shang

Who did Queen Artemisia of the Greek city of Halicarnassus side with in the Greco-Persian War of 480 B.C.E.? She sided with the Greeks against the Persians. She sided with the Persians against the Greeks. She sided with Helicarnassus against Greeks and Persians. She sided with the Scythians against the Persians. She sided with the Persians against the Scythians.

She sided with the Persians against the Greeks.

What is the native religion of Japan? Confucianism Correct! Shinto there is none Hinduism Buddhism

Shinto

​Which of the following is NOT a Japanese Buddhist sect? ​Zen ​the Pure Land ​Nicheren Correct Answer ​Shinto You Answered ​Mahayana

Shinto

In the eleventh century, Normans took over what territory from Muslim control? Spain Bulgaria Correct! Sicily Egypt Corsica

Sicily

Where in Europe did the first outbreak of Black Death occur in 1347? Rome Paris Venice Correct! Sicily London

Sicily

What international trade route did the Mongols restore and protect? Correct! Silk Road Trans-Saharan Caravan Routes Grand Canal Great Wall Trans-Siberian Road

Silk Road

Who wrote the great historical work, Records of the Grand Historian? Ban Zhao Chai Lun Li Si Sima Qian Liu Xiang

Sima Qian

What Greek polis created the "phalanx" infantry formation? Sparta Miletus Corinth Delphi Athens

Sparta

Where are the Sinhalese people located? Bactria Magadha Kalinga Correct! Sri Lanka Indus River Basin

Sri Lanka

What region in Africa benefited the most from the trans-Saharan caravan trade? the Kongo River Basin Correct! Sudan the Swahili coast Great Zimbabwe Egypt

Sudan

Some of the most effective Muslim missionaries in India were Dehli sultans Arab mercenaries mullahs Islamic women Correct! Sufi mystics

Sufi mystics

What is Amaterasu in relation to the Japanese imperial family? Sun Goddess and ancestress of the imperial family first Yamato emperor warrior queen during the Yayoi who started the imperial line a Shinto priestess and mother to the first Yayoi emperor wife of the first Yamato emperor

Sun Goddess and ancestress of the imperial family

What city was Archimedes from and in charge of defending against the Romans? Athens Alexandria, Egypt Issus Syracuse Carthage

Syracuse

Austronesian settlers on the Philippine Islands c. 4000 B.C.E. originated where? Taiwan China Australia Mesopotamia Java

Taiwan

What dynasty took over China after the fall of the Sui? Sung Han Zhou Correct! Tang Ming

Tang

The Taika reform of 646 C.E. was intended to make Japan more like​ ​the Mongols ​Vietnam ​Song China ​Yi Korea Correct! ​Tang China

Tang China

One of the major trade partners of the Maya was what non-Mayan city near today's Mexico City? Tikal El Mirador Chauvin Teotihuacan Cuzco

Teotihuacan

What Mesoamerican city-state's name means "City of the Gods?" Monte Alban Teotihuacan El Mirador Tenochitlan Tikal

Teotihuacan

Which of the following was an impediment to adapting rice cultivation to Korea? The Chinese refused to share the technology with them. The Korean climate is cooler than rice normally thrives in. The Korean's worshipped a local deity that rejected rice. Korean's are genetically allergic to rice. Koreans could never learn how to cook rice.

The Korean climate is cooler than rice normally thrives in.

​Which work did Lady Murasaki compose? ​the Taika ​Zen parables ​The Water Margin Correct! ​The Tale of Genji ​"The Joys of Wine"

The Tale of Genji

What was Aristarchus' major contribution to Hellenistic scientific thought? Measuring the circumference of the earth. Exact calculation of pi. The idea that the sun was the center of the universe. Theories of plane geometry. The invention of a steam engine.

The idea that the sun was the center of the universe.

What was the state religion of Burman, Khmer, Siam and Lao by the fourteenth century? Islam Correct! Theravada Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism Hinduism Confucianism

Theravada Buddhism

What Greek historian wrote the book The Peloponnesian War? Herodotus Aristotle Pericles Democritus Thucydides

Thucydides

The earliest urban societies appeared first in what geographic region? Indus Valley Nile Valley Tigris - Euphrates Valley Yangtze Valley Aegean Sea

Tigris - Euphrates Valley

Under the Songhai, what Mali city continued to flourish as a center of Islamic thought? Gao Koumbi Correct! Timbuktu Jenne Oyo

Timbuktu

What Mali city was the southern terminus of the trans-Saharan caravan route? Correct! Timbuktu Jenne Koumbi Oyo Tunis

Timbuktu

Islamic expansion in Europe was stopped at a battle in 732 outside what city in southern France? Cordoba Rome Paris Marseilles Correct! Tours

Tours

"Genghis Khan" means​ ​Emperor of the Mongols Correct! ​Universal Emperor ​Conqueror of China ​Ruler of the East ​Greatest King

Universal Emperor

What is the best definition of "Brahman" in Hindu belief? a sacred text Correct! Universal Soul the first sacred cow one's individual soul ascetic rejection of earthly pleasure

Universal Soul

According to Egyptian legends, in 3000 B.C.E. King Menes united Lower Egypt with the Nile Delta the Sinai Mesopotamia Kush Upper Egypt

Upper Egypt

The earliest known Sumerian settlement to become a city with a population of 50,000 was Akkad Babylon Ebla Jericho Uruk

Uruk

The world's oldest known large-scale organized warfare was an attack by what city on Tell Hamoukar in northern Mesopotamia? Uruk Ur Nippur Agade Jericho

Uruk

Southeast Asian bronze trade is marked by the production of drums made where? Korea Vietnam Northern China Thailand New Guinea

Vietnam

When the Tang collapsed, it allowed what Asian society to break free of Chinese control? Korea Japan Manchuria Sri Lanka Correct! Vietnam

Vietnam

What European peoples were the first to encounter native Americans? Correct! Vikings Spanish Portuguese English Dutch

Vikings

By what name do historians call the late Zhou period from 481-221 B.C.E.? Great Dynastic Shift Warring States Period Three Kingdoms Era Six Dynasties Era Former Han Dynasty

Warring States Period

What is the first (possibly mythical) Chinese dynasty, dating from about 2000 B.C.E.? Correct! Xia Longshan Zhou Yangshao Shang

Xia

In 138 B.C.E. the diplomat Zhang Qian set out to negotiate an alliance with the Yuezhi against what enemy? Xiongnu Mongols Han Chinese Manchus Tibetans

Xiongnu

Among the Zhou advances was a complex system of water management built in 250 B.C.E. on what river? Xi Yangzi Mekong Yalu Yellow

Yangzi

Which of the following rivers is known as "China's Sorrow" because of its tendency for destructive flooding? Xijiang Yellow Yangzi West Oxus

Yellow

The Sui Dynasty built the Grand Canal to link what? Yellow River and the Great Wall Yangzi River and the South China Sea Yellow and Yangzi Rivers Yellow and Wei Rivers Yangzi River and the Yellow Sea

Yellow and Yangzi Rivers

The Japanese tea ceremony originated with what religious sect? Pure Land Buddhism Christianity Correct! Zen Buddhism Nicheren Buddhism Shinto

Zen Buddhism

What god did the Olympic Games honor? Apollo Zeus Athena Hercules Aphrodite

Zeus

What was the state religion of the Sassanid Empire? Zoroastrianism Arianism Christianity Islam Buddhism

Zoroastrianism

Which of the following is NOT a Hellenistic philosophical or religious movement? Zoroastrianism Isis worship Mithraism Cynicism Stoicism

Zoroastrianism

The Yangshao society of the Yellow River region is an example of an early city-state ruled by a king Correct! a Neolithic society a pastoral society without any fixed residences a Paleolithic society a heavily fortified military society with iron weapons

a Neolithic society

Who are the Parsees? followers of Alexander the Great a Zoroastrian minority in India worshippers of Mithras an Indo-Aryan people conquered by Persia a school of Greek philosophy

a Zoroastrian minority in India

The largest mound found at Poverty Point, Louisiana is in the shape of a snake a bird a deer a fox a fish

a bird

Who was Aspasia? a famous courtesan and mistress of Pericles a goddess wife of Socrates daughter of the first Athenian tyrant poet who wrote love poems to her students

a famous courtesan and mistress of Pericles

Ban Zhao was an emperor's concubine a female warlord a rebellious woman who rejected Confucian values a female scholar a female Buddhist monk

a female scholar

What was a trireme? a catapult a defensive maneuver a phalanx formation a fighting ship an infantry unit

a fighting ship

What is a state? cities banding together for mutual defense a formal government exercising power over a recognized territory territory give to a people by their gods trade networks linked by a common language territory controlled by a military force

a formal government exercising power over a recognized territory

One of the most important legacies of the Phoenicians was their development of iron weapons the first port cities cuneiform writing invention of papyrus a phonetic alphabet

a phonetic alphabet

Who was Kabir?​ ​a Buddhist monk ​a king Correct! ​a poet ​founder of the Delhi Sultanate ​an inventor

a poet

What was Siddhartha Gautama before he became the Buddha? a Jain Correct! a prince a farmer a poet a merchant

a prince

One of Thales' innovations was a system that allowed one to figure out the position of the sun at particular times of the day the moon at high tide a ship at sea the fixed stars the earth in relation to the moon

a ship at sea

What is an empire? a coalition of city-states banding together for protection a state controlling other societies through conquest or domination a city-state attracting greater trade revenue than its neighbors the largest kingdom in a region of many states a state with the largest population and strongest military

a state controlling other societies through conquest or domination

What is the difference between a sultan and a caliph?​ ​sultans are also generals; caliphs are religious leaders Correct! ​a sultan rules one country; caliphs are considered successors to the Prophet ​sultans have religious roles, while caliphs are strictly secular rulers ​there can only be one sultan, but many caliphs ​sultans have to be descended from Muhammad's family, caliphs do not

a sultan rules one country; caliphs are considered successors to the Prophet

Who was Mulan, according to a Han ballad? a woman who posed as emperor a woman scholar who wrote a history of China a woman who posed as a warrior to defend China a peasant woman who married the last Han general a woman who led an invasion of China

a woman who posed as a warrior to defend China

In terms of human behavior, which of the following would Confucius NOT encourage? moderation benevolence toward fellow humans reverence to the gods abandoning family for independence concern for the future

abandoning family for independence

​Aristocratic Heian culture was obsessed with You Answered ​military values and conquest ​disseminating Shinto Correct Answer ​aesthetic values, such as art and beauty ​philosophical debates ​economic growth and commercial expansion

aesthetic values, such as art and beauty

The Japanese developed what technology late, compared to other societies such as China? pottery building houses out of wood agriculture language hunting

agriculture

​Which of these territories was subject to a devastating Mongol assault? ​China ​eastern Europe ​Anatolia ​Russia Correct! ​all of these choices

all of these choices

Aristotle is associated with the study of? zoology human emotions the natural sciences metaphysics all of these choices are correct

all of these choices are correct

Confucius thought that following rules of etiquette would promote what in society? stability harmony continuity social order all of these choices are correct

all of these choices are correct

How is the Sui dynasty comparable to the Qin dynasty? they were comparatively short-lived they undertook major building projects they ruthlessly employed forced labor they were patrons of arts and letters all of these choices are correct

all of these choices are correct

Why did the Byzantine Empire diverge from the western Roman empire? its core society and culture was Hellenistic Greek Greek and Latin Christianity split from each other Byzantium could not prevent invasions of Rome Greek Christians did not accept the pope all of these choices are correct

all of these choices are correct

What did Cyrus the Great do to the Jews when he captured Babylon? moved them as slaves to Persepolis allowed them to return to Palestine had all the physically strong members killed enslaved all the women and freed the men released them from slavery but forced them to remain in Babylon

allowed them to return to Palestine

Because China had such productive and stable agriculture, they were one of the first cultures in the world to view cooking as a means of preserving food for future use a method of unifying the region under one style of cooking Correct! an art form for aesthetic and social needs a totally secular activity that humans invented something to be avoided; better to eat crops raw

an art form for aesthetic and social needs

Which of the following is the best definition of "pastoral nomadism"? an economy based on breeding and herding livestock an economy based on agriculture in the summer and livestock in the winter an economy based on mining metals and agriculture an economy based on sea trade an economy based on textile production and agriculture

an economy based on breeding and herding livestock

What lasting legacy did the Shang leave for Chinese culture? ritualized warfare high status for aristocratic women an elaborate writing system benevolent treatment of subject peoples human sacrifice

an elaborate writing system

For many aristocratic Greeks, the ideal mentoring relationship was between a man and a woman of the same age a free man and a slave an older and younger man a man and an older woman two women of the same ages

an older and younger man

One of the ways Han China and the Roman Empire influenced each other was through an unbalanced trade in silver exchanges of technology philosophical debate swapping horses for porcelain persistent military conflict

an unbalanced trade in silver

What are "dragon bones?" dinosaur bones found in the Gobi desert warrior burial remains from China Correct! animal bones with early Chinese writing on them early bronze weapons from Shang China fossilized heads of early Chinese farmers

animal bones with early Chinese writing on them

The religious heritage of the early Southeast Asian and Austronesian peoples for their region is? monotheism Correct! animism shamanism ancestor worship mysticism

animism

To make sure that people accepted her as pharaoh, Hatshepsut married her nephew Thutmosis III appeared in public in male clothing and the false beard of the pharaohs married a king from Punt conquered Palestine and enslaved the Hebrews killed her father, Thutmosis I

appeared in public in male clothing and the false beard of the pharaohs

What were chinampas in the Aztec world? Correct! artificial islands market villages temples to the sun priestly class military formations

artificial islands

How do the Chinese view Confucius himself? as a god to be honored as a foreign upstart to be forgotten as a wise sage to be reverenced as a man with unworkable ideals as a scandalous atheist who offends the gods

as a wise sage to be reverenced

Much of Sumerian labor was done by slaves, many of whom were acquired by trading with the Aryans of India from special slave-breeding programs as captives taken in war as gifts to the kings from his people from trade with Egypt

as captives taken in war

The Greek philosopher Democritus suggested that all matter was composed of water air atoms formless energy divinity

atoms

The fossil skeleton known as Lucy is an example of what stage in early hominid development? proto-human Homo sapiens sapiens Homo habilis Homo erectus australopithecines

australopithecines

Xunzi thought that human nature was essentially good neutral empty bad perfect

bad

What did the Phoenicians use as currency in their Mediterranean trade? salt slaves textiles bars of precious metals pottery

bars of precious metals

Which of the following was NOT expected of a typical Greek woman? prepare meals and food for her family weave and prepare clothing for her family be literate and well-read bear children raise the children

be literate and well-read

In order to fill their leisure time, the Sumerians worshipped Ninkasi, the goddess of what? beer sheep sleep poetry memory

beer

Which of the following may have been an idea the Jews adopted from Zoroastrianism? belief in a last judgment belief in a single god belief in the abilities of prophets belief that history is progressive belief in animal sacrifice

belief in a last judgment

Which of the following does NOT refer to a group of Christian believers? Arians Nestorians believers in Manichaeism ascetics Monophysites

believers in Manichaeism

What idea did Ramanuja contribute to Hindu thought? vedanta, mystical study of ultimate reality Correct! bhakti, devotional worship of a personal god tantrism, worshipping the female essence vajrayana, which worshipped a female essence religious statuary

bhakti, devotional worship of a personal god

As the power of the Roman Empire melted away, what became the major source of authority in local communities? former Roman generals Correct! bishops and leaders in the church women monks Roman aristocrats artists

bishops and leaders in the church

In many places the loss of large herbivores such as horses led to the hunting of smaller animals, but early Americans turned to hunting deer or mammoths elephants bison quickly developed agriculture camels

bison

In some sub-Saharan cultures, such as the Haya people in Tanzania, what occupation ranked as high as nobility? scribe wet nurse potter blacksmith weaver

blacksmith

The need to reproduce Buddhist texts led to what invention in China by the sixth century C.E.? paper block printing permanent ink alphabetic script quill pens

block printing

The use of what metal was introduced to the Shang state in c. 1400 B.C.E.? bronze steel iron copper tin

bronze

Which of the following was not a military technology introduced to Egypt by the Hyksos? horse-drawn chariots smaller shields compound bow bronze weapons body armor

bronze weapons

In spite of his brutality, Shi Huangdi was responsible for all of the following except building canals and bridges standardizing wheel axle length to aid transportation standardizing weights and measures building the largest library of Confucian texts beginning the Great Wall

building the largest library of Confucian texts

In Chavín cities, what structures most clearly reveal the divisions between social classes? farmlands lands layout of city streets ruins of markets temple sites Correct! burial sites

burial sites

How did the Buddha present his ideas about the Four Noble Truths? by issuing a law code he wrote a book explaining them Correct! by describing them in sermons he had them carved on steles and placed around India he wrote a play which acted out the Truths

by describing them in sermons

What animal was the primary beast of burden in the trans-Saharan caravan trade? camels oxen human slaves elephants horses

camels

What domesticated beast of burden was introduced into the Sahara from Arabia by 700 B.C.E.? oxen elephants camels horses mules

camels

In much of tropical Africa, what animals could not be kept because of their susceptibility to tropical diseases or pests? dogs Correct! cattle birds fish cats

cattle

Over 98 precent of human DNA is the same as what other species? chimpanzees dinosaurs dogs baboons mountain gorillas

chimpanzees

What spice was used by Malay traders to open up trade between India and China? pepper Correct! cinnamon nutmeg saffron clove

cinnamon

What method did the Han invent to staff the imperial bureaucracy? nepotism a lottery a tithe of every tenth born child hiring foreign scholars civil service exams

civil service exams

Cuneiform records were created on what material? woven cloth papyrus linen paper clay tablets wood boards

clay tablets

What tradable good did women produce in the earliest urban economies? bronze jewelry weapons texts farming tools cloth

cloth

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Indianization? adoption of Indian writing systems You Answered syncretic religious practices kings claim religious justification for their rule settlement of Indians among indigenous elites Correct Answer conquest by Indian empires

conquest by Indian empires

How does Hammurabi's law code resemble that of the Hebrews? use of the Hebrew language rejection of divinity reliance on women as judges contains a law of retaliation, an eye for an eye insistence on fines rather than physical punishment

contains a law of retaliation, an eye for an eye

Gold dust and ingots made of what metal served as currency in the Sudan area in the later Classical Era? silver bronze copper tin iron

copper

In Sub-Saharan Africa, what was used since ancient times for jewelry? iron steel wood Correct! copper cloisonné

copper

When China developed a cash economy by the Zhou period, what was used for their coins? paper iron bronze copper bamboo

copper

What kind of cloth did the Harappan invent? linen wool velvet cotton silk

cotton

Akhenaton's major innovation to Egyptian society was building a new type of pyramid, with stepped sides to negotiate a treaty with the Hittites over Syria and Palestine creation of a monotheistic religion driving out the Libyans when they invaded the delta introducing incest into the royal culture by marrying his sister

creation of a monotheistic religion

In response to the new phalanx system, increased population, and increased wealth, what political system evolved in some Greek city-states? republicanism monarchism tyranny democracy despotism

democracy

Which of the following terms does NOT come from Latin with its origins in Rome? senate dictator democracy plebiscite suffrage

democracy

Egyptians believed their pharaohs were descended from the sun god, Re originally from Mesopotamia mere mortals who occasionally talked to gods completely unconnected to the religious beliefs of Egypt demons to be avoided

descended from the sun god, Re

One of the ironic consequences of the development of irrigation for farming is that it often ultimately creates water resistant crops limitless crop yields less-centralized governments less labor for farming deserts

deserts

What is bhakti?​ ​Shankara's school of philosophical beliefs ​the Tibetan form of Buddhism Correct! ​devotional worship of a personal god ​Hindu monotheism ​the faith of the Parsees

devotional worship of a personal god

The kings of Teotihuacan were probably viewed as what by their people? human bureaucrats mere figureheads elected officials divine

divine

Probably the first animal domesticated, about 15,000 years ago, even before agriculture was developed, was the chicken llama dog goat horse

dog

Of all the literary forms, which one was the most popular in Athens? epic poetry sculpture lyric poetry music drama

drama

The poet Li Po is believed to have died how? in a battle against northern nomads executed by the Tang emperor Correct! drowning while drunk in a duel over a woman suicide

drowning while drunk

Zhou-era scholars conceptualized the passage of time according to the Mandate of Heaven will of the gods astrological calendar dynastic cycle straight line of progress

dynastic cycle

What is the distinction of Caral in north-central Peru? largest city built in the Americas earliest known city in the Americas developed the first written language in the Americas site of first human sacrifices performed in the Americas first farming village in the Americas

earliest known city in the Americas

What most likely destroyed the Minoan culture around 1650 B.C.E.? invasion from the Assyrians earthquakes from a volcanic explosion on Thera the development of an Ice Age invasion from the island of Crete invasion from the Dorians

earthquakes from a volcanic explosion on Thera

Which of the following best defines the term "nirvana?" unity with Brahman rebirth into a higher caste rebirth into a lower caste unity with Buddha Correct! end of suffering through eternal peace

end of suffering through eternal peace

Olmec culture is noted for producing delicate jasper jewelry open-air ampitheatres for games huge earthen mounds massive irrigation projects enormous sculpted stone heads

enormous sculpted stone heads

What did the Spartans do to the neighboring peoples rather than form an overseas colony? sell them to the Persians kill them and took over their land combined with them to form a state enslaved them to work the farmland intermarried with them

enslaved them to work the farmland

Because the !Kung villages gather food collectively, they have lot of free time, which they usually spending doing what? making war on other !Kung tribes building large private residences entertainment and socializing hunting for sport rather than food creating fold stories to remember previous wars

entertainment and socializing

What was the main factor spurring the evolutionary development from australopithecines to homo habilis some 2.5 million years ago? environmental charges alien technology development of agriculture and dietary changes ingestion of excessive amounts of mercury crossbreeding with other australopithecines species

environmental charges

Which of the following is a consistent unifying feature of Indian life? state Correct! family and caste empire the caravan trade Buddhism

family and caste

A crisis in what led to the reforms of Solon? military independence of Athens an earthquake on Thera farming and agricultural production artistic freedom decrease in Athenian population

farming and agricultural production

The Daoist system for determining auspicious placement, still practiced today, is called Sima Qian feng shui Dao De Jing Sinicization Mengzi

feng shui

Anyang may have been China's first irrigation system first planned city predecessor to the Great Wall earliest known worship site first emperor

first planned city

Unlike the Mesopotamian rivers, the Nile flooded rarely flooded predictably flooded unpredictably flooded for hundreds of miles in either direction never flooded

flooded predictably

Chinese expressions of prosperity and want often centered around? family silk pottery food money

food

Why did later Chinese historians condemn Khubilai Khan?​ ​for closing China to outside influences ​for relocating the capital Correct! ​for not fully assimilating into Chinese culture ​for his excessive cruelty ​for forcibly converting the Chinese

for not fully assimilating into Chinese culture

Taxes under the Qin were high, and often included traveling abroad to build colonies working within the imperial household building temples to worship the emperor forced labor on one of the public works projects sacrificing one's livestock to please the gods

forced labor on one of the public works projects

Most south Indian states after the Gupta made their money in what occupation? farming medicine government bureaucracy iron smelting Correct! foreign sea trade

foreign sea trade

What made Egypt the ancient world's wealthiest society? its hierarchical society intensive agriculture slavery foreign trade extensive conquest

foreign trade

Pope Gregory I sanctioned turning what into churches? unsettled forest areas You Answered only sites located near rivers places within defined kingdoms places exposed to bright sunlight throughout the year Correct Answer former pagan shrines

former pagan shrines

Most of the workers who constructed the great pyramids of Giza were Hebrew slaves women and children free workers hired for the construction members of the royal army unskilled laborers hired for physical strength

free workers hired for the construction

In re-organizing the Athenian council, Cleisthenes created a democracy by organizing people into what kind of units? geographic military gender language groups experience in voting process

geographic

During the New Kingdom, c. 1500 B.C.E., Egypt's power in the region was largely determined by her supplying what trade commodity from Nubia and Punt? gold myrrh cedar oak wheat

gold

Which of the following best describes the Sudan region? desert rain forest grassland mountain region coastline

grassland

Which of these is not an advantage provided by the urban revolution? greater immunity to the spread of disease specialization by craftsmen networks of communication and exchange more diverse foodstuffs cultural innovations, such as record-keeping

greater immunity to the spread of disease

The Phoenicians were the ancient Mediterranean's most destabilizing force least understood culture most savage warriors greatest mariners most extensive land empire

greatest mariners

In the Egyptian religion, what was the function of the Book of the Dead? record the names of all Egyptian soldiers who had died in battle memorialize those whom the Egyptians killed in battle guide the deceased by depicting the afterlife enable architects to map the interiors of the pyramids record the names of the gods and their functions

guide the deceased by depicting the afterlife

Which of the following was NOT a Mongol military tactic or advantage?​ ​superb horsemanship ​the recurved bow You Answered ​disc-shaped stirrups Correct Answer ​gunpowder ​advanced siege weaponry

gunpowder

What weapon did the Tang invent using sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal? nuclear bombs Correct! gunpowder cannons underwater missiles germ warfare arrows lit on fire

gunpowder cannons

In terms of marriage, Persian men could marry only one wife have many wives marry only a female relative marry only younger women marry only a woman of another city

have many wives

In the Shang state, how did a man become king? he inherited it by marrying the king's daughter he was elected by the warriors of the state he was chosen by the priests of the important temples he inherited it usually as the son or brother of a king he was elected by the male members of the kingdom as a whole

he inherited it usually as the son or brother of a king

What was the Buddha's view of the caste system? he accepted it as is he thought it should be expanded to include more classes Correct! he rejected it as immoral he thought it should be reduced to fewer class categories he wanted it to be spread to other lands

he rejected it as immoral

How did Darius I become the Persian king in 521? he inherited it from his father he inherited it from his uncle he seized power in a coup he conquered Egypt and used it to seize power he married the daughter of the previous king

he seized power in a coup

How did the last Abbasid Caliph die? Correct! he was executed by the Mongols he died of bubonic plague he was killed by Christian crusaders he was killed by a rebellion of his own people he died of old age

he was executed by the Mongols

Besides Alexander, what contributed to the fall of the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia? lack of male heirs after Cambyses II massive famine caused by drought in central Asia invasion by an Indian state earthquakes which destroyed Persepolis heavy taxation that caused civil unrest

heavy taxation that caused civil unrest

In the Peloponnesian War, Athens hoped to win by relying on what? her navy her army slave soldiers mercenaries diplomacy

her navy

To whom did Sappho write most of her lyric poems? her self her students her husband Sparta the gods

her students

The Holy Inquisition court was created to investigate what problem within the Christian community? non-celibate priests Correct! heresy prostitution hunting pre-marital sex

heresy

Mayan society was extremely​ hierarchical ​peaceful religiously diverse ​matriarchal ​rural

hierarchical

Thucydides is known as a historian for telling wildly inaccurate stories being completely neutral in his assessment only giving one side of the story attributing outcomes to fate his critical and moral judgment

his critical and moral judgment

The Hebrew theory of history was that history has no meaning and is a series of coincidences history had meaning and moves in circular patterns history is regressive, moving from better to worse history has meaning and moves in a linear fashion history does not exist, all things happen in the present time

history has meaning and moves in a linear fashion

Which of the following was NOT an animal domesticated by the Harappan or their ancestors? camel oxen water buffalo elephant horses

horses

The Toltecs adopted the cult of Quetzalcoatl, perhaps based on a high priest who was exiled for objecting to what practice? trading writing the ball game worship of the sun Correct! human sacrifice

human sacrifice

What religious practice common throughout Mesoamerica may have begun as early as 7000 B.C.E.? mummification sacrificing horses playing a ceremonial ballgame chariot races human sacrifice

human sacrifice

Which of the following did Legalists NOT believe would help control people? rewards commands prohibitions punishments humanist sympathy

humanist sympathy

The !Kung people, a contemporary hunter and gatherer society, live where? in the Sahara Desert, in the region of modern day Ethiopia Northeast Asia, in the Gobi Desert in the Kalahari Desert, mostly in Botswana and Namibia in Siberia, in the frozen tundra in Australia, in the interior desert

in the Kalahari Desert, mostly in Botswana and Namibia

In the myth of Osiris, after he is killed and resurrected, where does the god end up? in Memphis as the first pharaoh in the underworld nothingness; he is annihilated trapped in the Nile river for eternity in the sun with Re

in the underworld

Between 1000-600 B.C.E., Hindu priests known as brahmans became increasingly poor and less popular more popular than ever because of their humility less powerful as they shared power with a new priestly class Correct! increasingly wealthy and yet resented extinct as the religion died out

increasingly wealthy and yet resented

Which of the following is NOT an ancient Spartan virtue? physical toughness absolute loyalty to Sparta courage independent thought self-discipline

independent thought

Daoists argued that nature must be controlled and tamed humans must live in nature, but be dominant over it rulers must protect the individual from the dangers of nature individuals should one with nature all governments were and moral

individuals should one with nature

What was the ultimate consequence of the Peloponnesian War? Spartan victory, leadingto Greek unification Athenian victory, leading to commercial prosperity instability, leading to the loss of Greek independence stability, leading to Sparta's total domination instability, leading to the spread of democracy

instability, leading to the loss of Greek independence

The Han dynasty's economy was dominated by the export of iron tools intensive farming of cereal crops trade in porcelain and silk paper and jade the export of rice

intensive farming of cereal crops

Which of the following is not a characteristic of early American cultural and spiritual life? earth worship connection to guardian spirits mutual cooperation intensive urbanization shamanism

intensive urbanization

Which of the following did not contribute to the decline of Old Kingdom Egypt? environmental change the belief that the gods were displeased more independent royal governors building elaborate tombs impoverished the country international maritime trade

international maritime trade

Which of the following was NOT a problem that contributed to the end of the Han dynasty? peasant revolts powerful families fighting for power epidemics invasion by Huns lower tax revenues

invasion by Huns

Bantu-speaking migrants had the advantage of knowing how to work what metal into tools and weapons? steel iron copper bronze gold

iron

By 600 B.C.E. Kush had become the major African producer of what metal? gold iron copper bronze silver

iron

The Kush society was primarily known for producing what trade item? pottery wine olive oil iron ceramics

iron

What metal were the Etruscans particularly skilled at working into objects such as axes and tools? bronze copper steel iron gold

iron

What did the Mesopotamian farmers near the Persian Gulf build, which allowed them to grow food even when the rivers were not flooding their banks? villages roads dams irrigation canals granaries

irrigation canals

Agriculture allowed for denser population in comparison with hunting and gathering because it totally eradicated the possibility of food shortages it allowed for more yield per acre than food collected in the wild cultivation of crops made food itself healthier agriculture provided a more diverse source of food growing crops provided more protein than hunting

it allowed for more yield per acre than food collected in the wild

What is the role of karma in the caste system? it determined whether you were going to be reincarnated or not it played no role it told you what your caste position had been it the past Correct! it determined what caste you were in this life based on past lives it determined if you were going to be reborn as a Buddhist or a Hindu

it determined what caste you were in this life based on past lives

Which statement best describes Confucianism? it is a code of conduct derived from military ethics it is a religious system centered around Confucius it is a philosophy with a moral and ethical code it is a philosophical system originating from outside China it is a synthesis of Chinese religious beliefs

it is a philosophy with a moral and ethical code

The Maya had two calendars; one was a 365-day solar calendar for agriculture, and one was a 260-day calendar for what purpose? it was a trade calendar it was a religious calendar to determine festival days it was a royal calendar marking how long a king could rule it was a military calendar marking how long until the next war it was an agricultural calendar

it was a religious calendar to determine festival days

Which statement best describes Roman citizenship? it was viewed as an honor it was viewed as a burden it conferred religious distinctions it was given automatically when one moved to Rome it was viewed as irrelevant

it was viewed as an honor

Al-Mas'udi's travel accounts reveal a great deal about what international trade good in particular? silver grain Correct! ivory silk slaves

ivory

The Poverty Point mound builders made beads and decorative items out of what material? quartz jasper jade obsidian gold

jasper

What did Abelard do after Heloise's relatives castrated him? Correct! joined a Benedictine monastery exiled himself to Spain gave up his role in the church and became a merchant went on Crusade committed suicide

joined a Benedictine monastery

What was Hekanakhte's occupation? ka-priest warrior scribe architect royal tutor

ka-priest

Although a medieval fief could be many things, what was it usually? money right to collect a certain tax Correct! land freedom from military duties a concubine

land

The "equal field system" was a Tang attempt to reform what? Correct! land ownership relations between Chinese and foreigners education the legal code family values

land ownership

In terms of agriculture, by the second century B.C.E., the Han experienced an overabundance of unused land land shortages and population pressures massive famines due to typically low yields a decrease in farming as the population decreased a rejection of urbanized society in favor of a return to farming

land shortages and population pressures

What social class dominated the Shang state? scribal class priests landowning aristocracy Buddhist monks bronze casters

landowning aristocracy

Chinese painting that was influenced by Daoism generally featured what? city-scapes self-portraits Correct! landscapes abstract geometric figures portraits of emperors

landscapes

The Hebrew prophets emphasized that it was important for men and women to make constant physical sacrifices to God to keep him happy lead moral lives and obey Yahweh's laws destroy their own temples and start a new faith submit to the will of conquering peoples and worship their gods indulge their personal desires as much as possible

lead moral lives and obey Yahweh's laws

What is usury? Correct! lending money at interest, considered a sin by medieval Christians intolerance of other cultures the act of establishing a benefice a contract binding a serf to his master gifting money to the church

lending money at interest, considered a sin by medieval Christians

How did Rome treat many of the Etruscan and Greek city-states in Italy that she conquered? violently, razing them to the ground leniently, granting them citizenship leniently if they were Greek, oppressively if they were Etruscan oppressively until they were conquered, then she ignored them oppressively, taxing them heavily

leniently, granting them citizenship

The Kushite religion mixed borrowed Egyptian gods with Mesopotamian gods the Persian god the Hebrew god Nok gods local Nubian gods

local Nubian gods

The first known goddess in history is Inanna, whom the Mesopotamians believed was the goddess of destruction war love law the Tigris

love

Andean peoples, such as those of Wari, brewed beer out of what? Correct! maize millet cottons peppers squash

maize

What was the central crop of the Maya? maize sweet potatoes wheat sugar tobacco

maize

Possibly as early as 13,000 years ago, the people of the Sahara were the first to domesticate sheep grow chickpeas use bronze weapons build cities make pottery

make pottery

Chinese government officials are known as censors mandate men Correct! mandarins merchants confucianists

mandarins

What was the main reason for the prosperity of Greek city-states between 800 and 500 B.C.E.? conquest of other states large reserves of tin which they trade surplus population they sold into slavery series of alliances with the Persians as trading partners maritime trade

maritime trade

What was Hera the goddess of? marriage and family love wine the city wisdom

marriage and family

In terms of marriage, Alexander encouraged his soldiers to marry Asian wives avoid it altogether take many wives only marry Greek women only marry Macedonian women

marry Asian wives

Most Micronesian and some Polynesian societies traced lineage matrilineally for the women, patrilineally for the men patrilineally for the women, martrilineally for the men matrilineally for everybody patrilineally for the ruling class, matrilineally for everyone else patrilineally for everybody

matrilineally for everybody

Shankara believed that the truth of existence could only be understood by what method? use of hallucinogenic drugs Correct Answer meditation ritual sacrifice of animals memorization of the Vedas You Answered worship of Shakti

meditation

A fear of declining Roman birth rate led to which of the following becoming law? Italian women had to give birth to at least one child Italian men were not allowed to marry non-Italians women had to marry or be sold into slavery men had to marry or pay higher taxes homosexuality was harshly punished

men had to marry or pay higher taxes

Solon's reforms increased participation in Athenian civic life, but increased the authority of free Athenians over their slaves peasants soldiers men over women merchants

men over women

Of the classes of "commoners" in Zhou society, which was the most numerous and the most bound to the landed aristocracy? peasants slaves Correct! merchants and artisans soldiers the kings

merchants and artisans

In the first century C.E., Malays and other Austronesians were notable for their success as mercenaries Buddhist monks sculptors Correct! merchants and sailors weavers

merchants and sailors

The Japanese archipelago lacks arable land for farming and also fishing areas people mountains seasonal changes metals

metals

As the empire of the Roman Republic expanded through warfare, the Senate increasingly lost power to military leaders peasants tribunes politicians foreign dictators https://quizlet.com/205211880/western-civ-chapters-8-10-flash-cards/

military leaders

What were the Shona people known for? ceramics textiles bronze portraits Correct! mining gold and other metals exporting crops

mining gold and other metals

What are lamas in Tibetan Buddhism? kings warriors Correct! monks explorers goddesses

monks

In comparison with the peoples of Eurasia, the Americans cultivated maize very rarely very few root crops crops much later Correct! more diverse crops only grain crops

more diverse crops

Chinese observers were shocked that 13th-century Khmer women were​ ​kept as slaves Correct! ​more liberated than women in China ​in charge of the military ​kept in seclusion ​polyandrous

more liberated than women in China

Why did agriculture spread in Eurasia along an east/west line? rising sea levels prevented any north / south movement people are genetically coded to travel east / west movement along the east / west latitude did not involve drastic climate changes and thus agricultural movement was easy animals naturally migrate east / west with the seasons the earliest religious beliefs prohibited north / south movement

movement along the east / west latitude did not involve drastic climate changes and thus agricultural movement was easy

Korean kingdoms both fought against and borrowed from Yayoi Japan multiple Chinese dynasties Yamato Japan the Vietnamese the Ainu

multiple Chinese dynasties

Before the beginning of Islam, what kind of society did the Bedouins of Arabia have? urbanized semi-urbanized pastoralists hunter-gatherers subsistence farmers Correct! nomadic pastoralists

nomadic pastoralists

By the second century C.E., half of the members of the Roman Senate were women from Patrician families former slaves from North Africa non-Italians from the provinces of the empire Germans no longer living in Rome but elsewhere in the empire

non-Italians from the provinces of the empire

The written language found in the Oxus cities may be linked to the writing system of what other culture? Harappan Sumerian Jiroft Aryan none

none

Of the three most influential Chinese philosophies (Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism), which did China follow in the Classical Era? only Confucianism none, balanced all three Confucianism balanced with Legalism only Legalism Legalism mixed with Daoism

none, balanced all three

Why do historians believe literacy might have been widespread in Kush? numerous personal wills numerous examples of graffiti a Kushite law requiring universal literacy they invented block printing all houses have written addresses

numerous examples of graffiti

Societies in the ancient Americas tended to be isolated from one another because of the constant warfare between these societies of geographical features, such as mountains and deserts they did not develop sufficiently to expand they had no need to move beyond their initial homeland their populations concentrated in urban areas

of geographical features, such as mountains and deserts

Korea and Japan, despite extensive Chinese influence, avoided assimilation because? China was unable to invade either area their rulers were puppets of the Chinese emperors of their distinct languages and geography of their rejection of Chinese knowledge China was uninterested in conquest

of their distinct languages and geography

In the loosely organized Aborigine tribes of Australia, who had the most overall power in a tribe? the most successful hunter older females the most fertile woman older males young females

older males

According to Chinese tradition, how many schools of philosophy were there during the late Zhou? thousands thirty one hundred an unnumbered amount five

one hundred

During the Song period, China had the world's largest cities, with at least five having populations over what? ten million Correct! one million one billion a hundred million twenty million

one million

Slaves constituted what percentage of Italy's population during the Roman Empire? one eighth one quarter one third one half one tenth

one third

What is the significance of Raziya in Indian history? first Muslim sultan in India Correct! only female Muslim ruler in Indian history first Indian princess to convert to Islam promoted a new Tantric form of Islam ruled over the Cholas

only female Muslim ruler in Indian history

What form of music was most popular with the peasants during the Ming? instrumental pieces Buddhist chant Correct! opera western style symphonies folk songs

opera

How did the Maya travel to other places for trade? overland paths through the rain forests boats traveling along the seashore bridges over the tops of the rain forests canoes down a man-made canal system paths along the coastline, avoiding the rain forests

overland paths through the rain forests

In addition to coin, what other form of money did the Song have? credit shells decorated animal bones Correct! paper money copper ingots

paper money

What disadvantage did the domestication of animals bring? domestication provided a ready supply of meat without hunting domesticated animals turned on their masters providing fertilizer for crops passing of diseases from animals to humans domesticated animals provided transportation

passing of diseases from animals to humans

When news of Shi Huangdi's death was revealed in 207 B.C.E., the response was peasant rebellions universal mourning for a beloved emperor to pass the title to his son and continue the dynasty a return to the Zhou dynasty the creation of two Chinese states, one Legalist, the other Confucian

peasant rebellions

One response to the changes brought by the Black Death was rebellions by what group demanding economic help? knights monks Jews doctors Correct! peasants

peasants

What was sacrificed to celebrate the funerals of the Chimu lords? Correct! people sheep cattle horses llamas

people

Under what title did the Persians rule Egypt? King of Persia pharaoh emperor dictator for life Caesar

pharaoh

What happened after Persian rule ended in Egypt in 404 B.C.E.? pharaonic rule was restored the Athenian Empire took over Egypt Egypt was conquered by the Kushites Egypt fell to the Achaemenid Empire Egypt became a republic

pharaonic rule was restored

Egyptian writing began as an alphabetic language borrowed from the Phoenicians a late development, not appearing until after 2000 B.C.E. a way to record the process of mummification pictograms then evolved into stylized pictures an Indo-European language

pictograms then evolved into stylized pictures

In their emphasis on learning moral lessons from the past, what kind of history did the Han Confucian scholars emphasize? economic history political history social history labor history religious history

political history

What more than doubled in China during the Ming dynasty? land size Correct! population size of imperial household length of the Great Wall national economy

population

What trends made the first Chinese state possible? warfare and technological development advanced irrigation and urban growth population growth and shared culture migration and religious diversity declining population and warfare

population growth and shared culture

The Roman religion is best described as practical, impersonal, and integral to civic life focused on the individual's spiritual journey centered around human sacrifice monotheistic promising a transcendent afterlife

practical, impersonal, and integral to civic life

What was the profession of Enheduanna, who composed the oldest known signed poetry? king and priest warrior scribe priestess and princess merchant

priestess and princess

The medieval belief in the power of the sacrament made whom powerful figures in society? monks knights kings Correct! priests nuns

priests

In the victory of the Qin over all the Zhou states, what was the role of Li Si? first emperor Confucian scholar prime minister and legalist advisor primary Zhou warlord last Zhou king

prime minister and legalist advisor

What is the best definition of Sinicization? process by which China's culture changes with trade process by which Confucianism is mixed with Buddhism process by which the Chinese mix Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism process by which invaders adopt Chinese culture process by which China reclaims lost lands

process by which invaders adopt Chinese culture

What was the role of Zoroaster in the religion that bears his name? god king prophet animistic nature spirit architect of the first temple

prophet

Because most of the Americas lacked large draft animals, they pulled their own wheeled vehicles frequently incorporated plows into their farming developed agriculture quite late were more susceptible to diseases brought later by Europeans developed more labor intensive farming techniques

pulled their own wheeled vehicles

Elite priests lived on top of what large structures in Caral and other Norte Chico urban centers? apartment buildings market shops catacombs pyramids floating islands

pyramids

The Moche capital city was centered around what structures? markets cemeteries pyramids royal roads pottery workshop

pyramids

One important difference between China and Silla-dominated Korea was? boy emperors Correct Answer queens foreign rulers eunuchs You Answered scholars

queens

What kinds of things were written on the Shang "oracle bones?" hymns to the gods questions about the future records of trade transactions poems about nature recipes for bronze alloys

questions about the future

For Plato, what must govern over the emotions? will of the individual reason personal desires will of the collective ambition

reason

Angkor Wat was the largest example of what kind of building complex in the pre-modern world? private entertainment Correct! religious market military academic

religious

What is the primary purpose behind the creation of the Vedas? record business transaction from trade with the Dravidians religious texts, especially hymns to worship the gods to describe the victory of the Dravidians over the Aryans record the names of kings, and their laws promote unification between the Aryan states

religious texts, especially hymns to worship the gods

Which of the following was not true of the reign of Justinian? high taxes to pay for his wars renunciation of Christianity defeat of the Ostrogoths in Italy creating a pattern of despotism in the Byzantine state reconquest of a large amount of territory of land in the west

renunciation of Christianity

Which of the following is not typically present in the Aryan epics, such as the Mahabharata? rewards for violating social norms and duties warfare love between husbands and wives religious philosophy gods and demons

rewards for violating social norms and duties

By 5000 B.C.E. what was the major staple crop of south China south in the Yangzi Basin? millet wheat pears apricots rice

rice

Which of the following was not a legal right allowed to Roman women? right to own property right to determine if their children lived or died right to sue their husbands for abandonment right to escape husband's legal control under some circumstances right to leave the home and travel

right to determine if their children lived or died

Peasants who abandoned their land in Nara Japan became​? Correct Answer ​ronin You Answered ​samurai ​Zen Buddhists ​daimyo ​kamikaze

ronin

The Jomon people of early Japan are named for their elaborately decorated bronze ax heads invention of radiant floor heating huts built on stilts rope patterned pottery terraced agricultural fields

rope patterned pottery

The Assyrian Empire is remembered for its successful irrigation charity toward its defeated opponents extensive trade network ruthless and brutal conquests liberation of enslaved populations

ruthless and brutal conquests

What usually happened to warriors and their leaders captured in battle by the Maya? ransomed back to their own people allowed to return home after one year of enslavement sacrificed to the Maya gods allowed to buy Mayan land if they renounced their state married to Maya women and incorporated into the Maya society

sacrificed to the Maya gods

Which of the following is NOT true of Theravada Buddhism? it perceives Buddha as a human teacher each believer is wholly responsible for acquiring merit You Answered the only sure way to be saved was to become a monk Correct Answer saints could intercede to help save individual believers it is close to the Buddha's original vision

saints could intercede to help save individual believers

Gold traders from Mali met with traders of what commodity for an exchange? ivory Correct! salt silver slaves millet

salt

Trans-Saharan trade centered around the movement of gold to the north and what to the south? salt silver copper cotton grain

salt

What custom was common for widows, especially in northern India? remarriage opening up their own businesses entering Buddhist monasteries Correct! sati, ritual suicide fleeing their village and changing their names

sati, ritual suicide

What was the most honored occupation in upper-class Egyptian society? architect merchant peasant wife scribe

scribe

What is purdah? intermarriage of Muslims and Hindus Correct! seclusion of women poetry that mixes Hindu and Muslim theology ritual suicide committed by Muslim women sacred dancing

seclusion of women

Japanese borrowing from other cultures was impossible wholesale limited in its influence indiscriminate selective

selective

Approximately every two hundred years, what kind of climatic change occurred in the Mayan regions? a small ice age increased wind storms and rain severe drought very moderate droughts severe rains and flooding

severe drought

The Akkadian Empire was destroyed in part by what climatic change in 2200 B.C.E.? severe drought a new Ice Age a shift in the course of the Tigris freak snowfalls in the valley flooding of the Black Sea

severe drought

Besides food, what else are Muslims supposed to abstain from during daylight hours of Ramadan? working Correct! sex eating traveling sleeping

sex

Who was Lysistrata? she was a philosopher she commanded a trireme in the Greco-Persian war she was the mistress of Pericles she was a fictional character who organized a strike by women she was the goddess of love

she was a fictional character who organized a strike by women

The Song invented the world's first industrial machine for use in the manufacture of what quintessential Chinese product? porcelain Correct! silk steel bridges tea

silk

What unique cloth did the Yangshao produce? linen cotton wool Correct! silk leather

silk

The Sumerian writing system known as cuneiform began with abstract symbols representing sounds simple pictograms of literal objects alphabetic script stylized images of ideas as well as objects a numeric system in which numbers represented ideas

simple pictograms of literal objects

The original Sanskrit term for a class division was varna, which refers to what characteristic? language family skin color gender intelligence political power

skin color

Before she became the wife of the Caliph Mahdi, what was the social class of Khayzuran? noblewoman merchant scholar Correct! slave farmer

slave

What was the Athenian economy dependent upon? slavery the gold standard expansive conquest resident foreigners free enterprise

slavery

Perhaps a third of the Akkadian empire's population were merchants from Oman scribes Eblaites Hebrews slaves

slaves

What social class did most of the gladiators belong to? merchants artisans slaves senators equestrians

slaves

Under the Song, the Chinese were the first people to inoculate against what disease? bubonic plague typhoid syphilis cancer Correct! smallpox

smallpox

Fossil remains of the Neanderthal culture reveal that they had smaller cranial capacities than the Homo sapiens social values such as burying the dead and complicated tools the same DNA as the Cro-Magnons that later replaced them avoided settling in the Palestinian region near Cro-Magnons a non-collectible style culture and avoided settling with other Neanderthals

social values such as burying the dead and complicated tools

Priests of the Roman religion were also slaves women legionaries state officials Greek

state officials

The houses in Jenne-Jenno were made of what common local building material? marble oak paper Correct! straw and mud cement

straw and mud

Borrowing from the ideas of Xunzi, Legalism advocated strict and harsh state control over people an economic system free of government controls liberal laws that did not require much obedience to the state more education for more people weak rulers and more democratic rights for the people

strict and harsh state control over people

For Confucius, the best way to prepare for the future was to experiment with innovative ideas study the past disregard all that has been tried before study nothing and let the future happen by chance study other cultures as much as possible

study the past

What was the basic role of women in Zhou society? equal to men and frequently rulers of estates and villages equal to men, but in separate spheres of influence usually literate and served as maintainers of communal records submissive to men and expected to maintain the home priestesses of important cults and politically important for their advice

submissive to men and expected to maintain the home

The men of the Moche often did what to their faces? covered them with painted masks deliberately scarred them tattooed them wore makeup on them grew long beard to cover them up

tattooed them

During the Tang dynasty, what beverage was introduce into China and became an important part of Chinese culture? coffee wine fermented milk grain alcohol Correct! tea

tea

Confucius' primary occupation was as a teacher warlord public official Buddhist priest merchant

teacher

The largest building in any Sumerian city was the ziggurat, which was used as a palace for the king temple law court market place granary

temple

The city of Pagan, in Burma, was filled with elaborate buildings of what kind? Correct! temples libraries mosques brothels market places

temples

What was the purpose of the Mayan pyramids? tombs temples royal palaces granaries market places

temples

The Moche apparently had a mathematical system based on what number? nine five three ten one

ten

The Nok peoples are best known for what artistic tradition? gold and lapis lazuli jewelry large pyramid like structures highly carved obelisks terra cotta sculpture of human heads elaborately decorated papyrus texts

terra cotta sculpture of human heads

What declaration did Abu Bakr, the Caliph, make about Muhammad, to prevent rival factions from developing? that he was the son of God Correct! that he was the final prophet that he was divine that he would return to lead the true believers to heaven that he was the first true prophet

that he was the final prophet

In ancient Chinese creation beliefs, the universe was created by Pan Ku and everything in it was linked by the dao, which is best translated as the destruction of the old to build the new an endless cycle of creation and destruction an explosive energy that pushes and pulls things apart the "way," a unifying force a negative energy that drives things apart

the "way," a unifying force

Which of the following was NOT in the city of Rome? the Pantheon the Senate the Colosseum the Acropolis the Forum

the Acropolis

The main record of Confucius's thought is called the Book of Manu the Records of the Grand Historian the Analects the Dao the Confucian Bible

the Analects

Ethiopian legends claim King Menelik​ of Aksum smuggled which religious item out of Jerusalem? ​the One True Cross the Ark of the Covenant ​the head of John the Baptist ​the Holy Grail ​the Shroud of Turin

the Ark of the Covenant

Where do most historians believe the first agriculture happened? southeast North America the Fertile Crescent of the southwestern Asia Britain and northern Europe the Amazon basin China

the Fertile Crescent of the southwestern

By the sixth century, Aryan power centers had shifted from the Indus to Sri Lanka the Himalayans Gujarat the Ganges the Tamil region

the Ganges

In what region of the Indian subcontinent did the first urban society develop? the Deccan Plateau the Indus river valley Bengal the Ganges river valley the Malabar coast

the Indus river valley

Who failed in two attempts to invade Japan in the thirteenth century? Sung China Yi Korea Abbasids Correct! the Mongols Tang China

the Mongols

What is the name of the recently discovered Central Asian urban society from c. 2200 B.C.E.? the Steppe Peoples the Jiroft the Parthians the Uzbeks the Oxus

the Oxus

By what name do we call the period from 31 B.C.E. to 180 C.E., from Augustus to Marcus Aurelius? the Era of the Good Emperors the Pax Romana the Silver Age of Rome the Golden Age of Rome the Tetrarchy

the Pax Romana

What figure in the Hebrew bible was an Ethiopian queen, who sought knowledge from Solomon? Eve Delilah Sarah Bathsheba the Queen of Sheba

the Queen of Sheba

Beginning about 7000 years ago, peoples began migrating into the Nile valley, some of them because what other large region began to dry up? the Sahara the Levant the Mediterranean coastal plain Crete Mesopotamia

the Sahara

According to the Zhou takeover, the Shang kings had lost their "mandate of heaven" because the Shang kings had become immoral and mocked the gods the Shang kings had allowed women to rule over the state the Shang kings had lost a major battle to the Tibetan people the Shang had attempted to invade the Zhou, a sacred region the Shang had introduced writing, which angered the gods

the Shang kings had become immoral and mocked the gods

In his voyage to negotiate with the Yuezhi, Zhang Qian traveled over what route? down the Yellow River along the Indian Ocean the Silk Road across the Gobi desert around the South China Sea

the Silk Road

The location of Oxus culture suggests that the Silk Road trade route may be older than has been thought it frequently went to war with its rivals it emerged after the collapse of the Assyrian Empire they developed outstanding irrigation technology Harappans migrated to form this culture

the Silk Road trade route may be older than has been thought

Only a handful of the Mayan codices survived because most were destroyed by severe rains and flooding termites fires that destroyed the Mayan cities the Spanish the Aztecs, as they conquered Mesoamerica

the Spanish

One unique feature of Harappa was the large city walls a large pyramid shaped temple the use of granaries the presence of shops along the main streets the advanced water and sanitation systems

the advanced water and sanitation systems

What is the main source for the early history of the Hebrews? Egyptian histories the books of the Hebrew Bible contemporary archaeology Greek mythology unwritten Hebrew legends

the books of the Hebrew Bible

The Babylonian Captivity refers to the sack of Babylon by the Judeans warfare between the Assyrians and the Persians the captivity of the Hebrews by the Chaldeans the captivity of the Babylonians by the Hebrews the capture of Babylon by the Egyptians

the captivity of the Hebrews by the Chaldeans

Men and women of India tended to view which deities as the most responsive to their needs? male deities those deities who were had divine spouses those deities associated with nature the more abstract deities Correct! the companions of male deities

the companions of male deities

One of the most common methods of differentiating between early hominid stages of human evolution is through examining what? height of the fossil remains size of pelvic bones geographic location of the fossil remains written records left by the early hominid stages the complexity of the tools used by the individual stages

the complexity of the tools used by the individual stages

Although the Egyptians had some technical skills at mathematics and physics, they lacked a 365 solar calendar ability to build ships the concept of the zero understanding of the compass concept of addition of numbers

the concept of the zero

What was the greatest Gupta mathematical discovery? pi circumference of the earth calculation of the 365 day year Correct! the concept of zero and the decimal system a theory of gravity

the concept of zero and the decimal system

Which of the following was NOT a motivation for the Crusades?​ ​the desire to destroy Islam ​religious zeal Correct! ​the desire to destroy Jerusalem ​greed for land and wealth ​the desire to remove the Seljuk Turks

the desire to destroy Jerusalem

One legacy of the Sumerian mathematical system can be found in our mathematical system based on the number 60 a base ten mathematical system the division of hours into 60 minutes the number of planets recognized as belonging to the solar system the first calculus

the division of hours into 60 minutes

The manorial system developed out of maritime trade​ Correct! the earlier system of Roman estates the conflict between popes and kings​ Viking raids​ monastic landholding​

the earlier system of Roman estates

Which of the following was NOT an aspect of the Hindu Renaissance? translation of the Vedas into regional languages philosophical debate the beginning of the bhakti movement Correct! the elimination of caste the construction of flamboyant temples

the elimination of caste

On the Silk Road, what did the Jade Gate mark? the beginning of the caravan route the beginning of the European part of the route the point at which camels were traded for horses the end of the Silk Road at Chang'an the end of Chinese society

the end of Chinese society

According to Confucianism, the model for the Chinese state should be Korea the family the world of the gods the army the classroom

the family

Which phrase best describes Minoan Crete? constantly at war with its neighbors isolated and walled off from outside influences dependent on agriculture for its survival the first great Mediterranean sea power religiously and culturally stagnant

the first great Mediterranean sea power

Who was Minamoto-no-Yoritomo? Correct! the first shogun a well-known poet the first Kamakura emperor founder of the samurai a Buddhist monk

the first shogun

Which of the following is the best definition of the Zhou term "tian"? the spirit of the Yangzi river the feminine principle of the earth a warrior god that was an ancestor of the Zhou family the first human the force that governs the universe

the force that governs the universe

Clovis culture is named after the type of bison hunted by these peoples the location where their spear points were first discovered the river on which their homeland was located the deity worshipped by their culture a Merovingian king

the location where their spear points were first discovered

Who first described the Romans as wanting only "bread and circuses"? the historian Tacitus Tiberius Gracchus Julius Caesar Emperor Augustus the poet Juvenal

the poet Juvenal

The major characteristic institution of ancient Greek life was the satrapy the agora the family the polis the military

the polis

In 1059 the College of Cardinals was created to elect whom? Correct! the pope the Holy Roman Emperor​ the King of England the head of the Inquisition​ the bishop of Notre Dame​

the pope

The largest population within Sparta itself consisted of? Persian merchants in Sparta Athenians exiled Spartans Spartan soldiers the slaves of the Spartans

the slaves of the Spartans

At the center of the Aztec religion was the god of what, who needed to be appeased with blood from human sacrifices? rain Correct! the sun the moon poetry maize

the sun

In the center of Tiwanaku was a statue dedicated to the god of what? rain the sun the seas potatoes the moon

the sun

Inca kings were believed to be divine offspring of what? the moon the Andes maize Correct! the sun the wind

the sun

The technological breakthrough the Hittites are noted for is? the invention of the wheel the discovery of paper the discovery of bronze the use of iron weapons the creation of the first library

the use of iron weapons

Which of the following is true about the way the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flooded? they flooded rarely they flooded on regular ten-year cycles they flooded annually and to predictable levels they flooded so often the land was uninhabitable they flooded annually but unpredictably

they flooded annually but unpredictably

In the Etruscan world, which of the following statements about women is true? they had considerable economic and social freedom they were not allowed to own property they were more powerful than the men they were essentially enslaved in the house they were treated like barter to be traded

they had considerable economic and social freedom

Of the 1700 substates within the early Zhou kingdom, what happened to most of them by 400 B.C.E.? they fractured into even more smaller states they drifted away to join other kingdoms they reformed the Shang kingdom and over through the Zhou Correct! they were subsumed by larger substates and consolidated they continued as they were

they were subsumed by larger substates and consolidated

How did early urban societies keep records or accounts of themselves? only through written records understood by the elite through written records, memory experts, and oral tradition exclusively through professional rememberers early urban societies were not literate

through written records, memory experts, and oral tradition

Why did the ancient Greeks sacrifice to their gods? to guarantee Greek supremacy over other cultures to guarantee harmony between the gods and mankind so that the gods would not intervene in human affairs they believed the gods would destroy all mankind without sacrifices as a sign of the covenant between the gods and the Greeks

to guarantee harmony between the gods and mankind

What was the goal of the First Crusade announced by Pope Urban II? ​ ​to wipe out all Muslim states ​to convert all Muslim peoples to Christianity ​to protect the Holy Land from the Mongols ​to conquer the Byzantine Empire Correct! ​to reclaim the Holy Land and protect Jerusalem

to reclaim the Holy Land and protect Jerusalem

What was Ashoka's attitude towards religions other than his own? intolerance but no active persecutions active persecution Correct! tolerance and support he wanted them merged into one state religion he pretended they did not exist

tolerance and support

What did Kush use its pyramid shaped buildings for? temples law courts royal palaces marketplaces tombs

tombs

Chinese dialects are tonal, in that stress and tone gives meaning to sounds few in number so similar to one another that they are interchangeable similar to Indo-European languages difficult to write down and remain largely an oral culture

tonal, in that stress and tone gives meaning to sounds

What crime was Jesus accused of and executed for? theft immorality treason murder slander

treason

Most pastoral nomads were organized into religious communes led by shamen tribes, extended kin groups tracing descent from a common ancestor anarchic bands of roving warriors matriarchal family units kingdoms led by warrior kings

tribes, extended kin groups tracing descent from a common ancestor

Unlike democratic Athens, Sparta was ruled partly by a slave assembly a full time dictator two kings an exclusive oligarchy based on lineage women

two kings

In Athenian history what kind of ruler was Peisistratus? hereditary king tyrant democratically elected leader foreign invader a woman pretending to be a man

tyrant

The Muslim community of believers is known as the​ ​hadith ​haj ​caliphate Correct! ​umma ​jihad

umma

Because writing required schooling and memorization of hundreds of symbol, most scribes came from what social class? upper class slaves farmers merchants foreigners brought in from neighboring cities

upper class

The earliest crops grown varied depending on location were cultivated within walled cities always included wheat were never stored always included rice, universally the staple crop

varied depending on location

Marius pressured the Senate to grant land to what group of the Roman populace? veterans widows exiled Carthaginians new citizens fellow senators

veterans

Moctezuma I declared that the primary preoccupation of the Aztecs was what? farming trade Correct! war art politics

war

What did the Carthaginian general Hannibal bring with him during his invasion of Roman territory? camels Egyptian mercenaries ballistas war elephants massive siege engines

war elephants

The Royal Standard of Ur depicts images of what? agricultural production warfare and conquest religious ceremonies a Sumerian ruling family the brewing of beer

warfare and conquest

In some pastoral societies, what role was sometimes allowed to women that they did not usually find in settled, agricultural societies? weavers farmers warriors gatherers priestesses

warriors

One of Solon's reforms was to make what the criteria for membership on the Athenian council? wealth birth education military success amount of land owned

wealth

Neolithic peoples of Southeast Asia may have been the first to cultivate all of the following crops except rice bananas wheat taro yams

wheat

In general, Indian women gained more freedom when they did what? when they got older when they became widows Correct! when they gave birth to children, especially sons when they owned land when they owned their own businesses

when they gave birth to children, especially sons when they owned land

Which of the following was NOT a major export item from Ptolemaic Egypt? papyrus wheat wine textiles pottery

wine

In the typical Mesopotamian climate, in which season did most rain fall? summer winter spring and summer spring it never rained

winter

60 to 80 percent of the food consumed by the !Kang peoples is obtained by women through hunting of large game animals women through gathering plants and collecting small animals men through gathering of plants and collecting small animals men through hunting of large game animals men and women together hunting large game animals

women through gathering plants and collecting small animals

What technological innovation did the Tang create in the ninth century, to spread Buddhist thought? a written language paper money Correct! woodblock printing gunpowder paper

woodblock printing

Which of the following is not an example of a durable trade good indicating extensive trade networks in early North America? worked iron red ochre You Answered seashells copper valuable stones, such as jasper and obsidian

worked iron

Kana allowed the Japanese to do what with their written language? write it in block printing export it to Korea, who adopted this form as well Correct! write it phonetically abandon it in favor of oral memories write it with Chinese characters

write it phonetically

The practice of acupuncture centered on the belief that good health resulted from a balance of what in the body? intellect and mind Daoist and Confucian beliefs ambition and physical strength yin and yang principles masculine and active principles

yin and yang principles

​Who is credited with founding the state of Sukhothai? ​Zhou Daguan ​King Uzana ​Le Loi You Answered ​Jayavarman Correct Answer ​Rama Kamkheng

​Rama Kamkheng

​What is Noh? ​the Japanese tea ceremony Correct! ​a form of drama using masks and stylized gestures ​the warrior code of the samurai ​the Japanese phonetic script ​a Japanese Buddhist sect

​a form of drama using masks and stylized gestures

What is the kotow​? Correct! ​a gesture of ritual humiliation ​a genre of Chinese poetry ​a style of Chinese music ​a type of Japanese sword ​a Chinese philosophical system

​a gesture of ritual humiliation

​In addition to maize, the Maya intensively cultivated ​wheat ​soybeans squash ​cacao ​the potato

​cacao

The Mayans believed their gods had fashioned people out of what?​ ​mud ​corn ​flesh ​rain ​frogs

​corn

Which of the following was NOT a Mongol military tactic or advantage?​ ​superb horsemanship ​the recurved bow ​disc-shaped stirrups Correct! ​gunpowder ​advanced siege weaponry

​gunpowder

The Japanese attributed victories over the Mongols in part to? ​Mongol incompetence You Answered ​Japanese technological superiority Correct Answer ​kamikaze, the "divine winds" ​the Ashikaga shoguns ​the catapult

​kamikaze, the "divine winds"

Vikings were able to raid extensively, because their longboats could travel ​only on the open ocean ​only on rivers ​only along the coasts Correct! ​on both oceans and rivers ​only if rowed

​on both oceans and rivers

Which of the following items would you likely NOT have found at a market in Aksum?​ ​ivory ​iron ​silk ​copper ​olive oil

​silk

Which of the following was NOT a medical advance made by Muslim physicians?​ ​colostomies You Answered ​removing kidney stones ​false teeth Correct Answer ​skin grafts ​anesthetics

​skin grafts