HIST 307 - MASTER SHEET
https://quizlet.com/205211880/western-civ-chapters-8-10-flash-cards/
- Chapter 8 - deals with classical Rome and the shaping of Christianity. As you read this chapter, I'd like you to contrast it to the previous chapters on China, Persia, and the Greeks.
Who was Gilgamesh? A real king of Uruk, said to be semi-divine in his epic tale An explorer who opened new paths for trade Sumerian god of beer production Hammurabi's successor as king A scribe in Babylon who wrote the Epic
A real king of Uruk, said to be semi-divine in his epic tale
Who did the Hebrews believe was their first patriarch, or leader, from about 2000 B.C.E.? Ishmael Adam Isaac Noah Abraham
Abraham
The evolution of primitive primates into hominids began on what continent? North America Asia Africa Australia Europe
Africa
What was the supreme god of Zoroastrianism? Zoroaster Marduk Yahweh Ahura Mazda Zeus
Ahura Mazda
The original settlers of the Japanese islands were the Koreans Ainu Mongolians Melanesians Chinese
Ainu
Which of the following does NOT refer to a script or a language? Mandinka Amanitere Meroitic Geez Nilotic
Amanitere
The Hittites were originally from Anatolia Persia Caucasus India Egypt
Anatolia
Where is the Greek city of Miletus located? Peloponnesus Crete Persia Attica Anatolia
Anatolia
The state of Tiwanaku was located in what mountain range? Rocky Mountains Victoria Falls Andes Citlatepetl Guiana Highlands
Andes
In 1400 B.C.E., the Chinese rule Pan Keng had a new capital city built called Peking Anyang Xian Chang-an Luoyang
Anyang
Of all the islands settled by the Polynesians, which was the largest? Fiji Correct! Aotearoa Tahiti Palau Mangareva
Aotearoa
The Swahili favored what culture in architecture, dress, and ideas of inheritance? Bantu Correct! Arab Yoruba Nilotic Egyptian
Arab
What army defeated the Tang at the Battle of the Talas River in 751? India Vietnam Correct! Arab Korean Mongol
Arab
In addition to the Islamic faith, what else were Muslims spreading? Correct! Arabic language Christianity monasticism plague tribal organization
Arabic language
What was the official language of the Persian Empire? Greek Babylonian Turkish Aramaic Egyptian
Aramaic
What Greek philosopher was particularly influential on Islamic philosophy during its golden age? Anaximander Plato Correct! Aristotle Diogenes Thales
Aristotle
Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Aristophanes are all Greek tyrants Athenian playwrights Athenian politicians Athenian generals Greek philosophers
Athenian playwrights
What Greek city-state defeated the Persians in the second Greco-Persian war at the battle of Salamis? Corinth Athens Persepolis Sparta Miletus
Athens
Complex urban communities developed everywhere by 3000 B.C.E except where? Southeast Asia Europe North America Australia South America
Australia
To where did the Mongols move the capital of China? Chang-an Keifeng Hangzhou Canton Correct! Beijing
Beijing
What city on the Ganges was a popular pilgrimage site for bhakti, which was believed to be city where sins were washed away? Agra Somnath Correct! Benares Cambay Lahore
Benares
What was one of the first African kingdoms to encounter European explorers in the fifteenth century? Ife Oyo Songhai Ghana Correct! Benin
Benin
In 60-61 B.C.E. the Romans faced a revolt from the Celtic queen Boudica in what region? Spain northern Italy Britain Gaul Balkans
Britain
Tantric sects developed within both Hinduism and what other religion? Correct! Buddhism Islam Daoism Christianity Judaism
Buddhism
The Mauryan emperor Ashoka underwent a religious conversion to Christianity Jainism Judaism Shintoism Correct! Buddhism
Buddhism
Under the Tang, what became the dominant religion of China? Christianity Islam Hinduism animism Correct! Buddhism
Buddhism
What did Ashoka spread to Afghanistan, Southeast Asia, and Sri Lanka? Correct! Buddhism small pox a slave network the silk road Hinduism
Buddhism
What faith did King Harsha Vardhana practice? Correct! Buddhism Shinto Christianity Islam Hinduism
Buddhism
What religion did Khubilai Khan favor? Islam Christianity Confucianism Correct! Buddhism Hinduism
Buddhism
What was the dominant religion of Silla Korea? Christianity Shinto Correct! Buddhism Islam Daoism
Buddhism
What two religions co-existed in Sri Lanka for two thousand years? Correct! Buddhism and Hinduism Buddhism and Jainism Buddhism and Zoroastrianism Buddhism and Christianity Buddhism and native animism
Buddhism and Hinduism
What group in China did Emperor Wuzong persecute in ninth century China? Confucian scholars merchants mandarins Correct! Buddhists foreigners
Buddhists
The Han controlled either directly or indirectly all of the following states except Vietnam Korea Burma Xanjiang Mongolia
Burma
Who replaced Cyrus the Great when he was killed in 530 B.C.E.? Darius I Cyrus II Xerxes Cambyses II Alexander the Great
Cambyses II
Zheng Ho's voyages of discovery included all of the following places except: India Correct! Canary Islands Persian Gulf East Africa Red Sea
Canary Islands
One of the most famous Phoenician colonies was the north African city of Byblos Carthage Tyre Sidon Knossus
Carthage
The Qin began the first Great Wall to defend against the Romans Central Asian warriors the Japanese the Koreans the Han
Central Asian warriors
The Assyrians were defeated by a coalition of other city-states, led by the Hebrews Chaldeans Persians Akkadians Hittites
Chaldeans
In the tenth century, Vietnamese settlers expanded southward into what region? Khmer Thai China Correct! Champa Japan
Champa
Japan's first capital city, Nara, was modeled on what other city? Constantinople Rome Baghdad Beijing Correct! Chang'an
Chang'an
The Silk Road caravans began their journey outside the walls of what Chinese city? Luoyang Chang'an Zhengzhou Peking Anyang
Chang'an
What Chinese city was the world's largest city in the seventh and eighth century, with two million inhabitants? Correct! Chang'an Hangzhou Keifeng Beijing Canton
Chang'an
Who was crowned "Emperor of the Romans" on Christmas Day, 800? Pepin the Short Correct! Charlemagne Otto the Great Pope Leo III Lothar
Charlemagne
In 752, Arab armies defeated what society at a battle at the Talas River? Sassanian Franks Correct! China Spain Berbers
China
Most Central Asians came to accept Arab domination and Islam, especially after the Arabs defeated whom at the Battle of Talas in 751? India the Mongols the Sogdians the Turks Correct! China
China
The Buddhist monk Xuan Zang who explored India in the seventh century was from where? Korea Japan Sri Lanka Correct! China Turkistan
China
Vietnam's imperial system was modeled on what other country? Correct Answer China You Answered Japan Delhi Sultanate Mongols Rome
China
During the Silla era, Koreans adapted what written language to write their own? Japanese Phoenician Correct! Chinese Latin Cuneiform
Chinese
Which of the following was not one of the many cultures that made up the Persian Empire? Greeks Mesopotamians Chinese Indians Egyptians
Chinese
What Indian state's navy controlled the eastern Indian Ocean trade? Chochin You Answered Delhi Sultanate Correct Answer Cholas Kerala Angkor Wat
Cholas
The Hellenistic religions are believed to have influenced the development of Judaism Mithraism Christianity Judaism Hinduism
Christianity
Which of the following was NOT a teaching of Paul of Tarsus? women should be silent in church spiritual equality non-Jews could become Christians celibacy was better than marriage Christians had to follow Jewish laws
Christians had to follow Jewish laws
Octavian gained control of Egypt when he defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra Crassus Julius Caesar the Senate Augustus
Cleopatra
Most archaeologists believe that the earliest American culture was which of the following? Clovis Poverty Point Ainu Olmec Caral
Clovis
By the time of the Tang dynasty, the civil service exams focused on studying what material? Legalists texts from the Chin era a mixture of Chinese, Islamic, and Greek texts languages from throughout the Silk Road Greek philosophy Correct! Confucian texts
Confucian texts
Of all the major Zhou philosophical schools, which did Li Si and Qin dynasty despise the most? Legalism Confucianism Rhetoricians Buddhists Daoists
Confucianism
Which Roman emperor briefly re-unified the Empire after Diocletian, and established a new capital on the Bosporus? Domitian Constantine Septimus Severus Marcus Aurelius Augustus
Constantine
Which Roman emperor made Christianity a legal religion in the empire? Diocletian Augustus Constantine Marcus Aurelius Nero
Constantine
In 1453 Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror took what important city? Cairo Baghdad Rome Damascus Correct! Constantinople
Constantinople
What branch of Christianity did the Nubian church belong to? Roman Catholic Gnosticism Greek Orthodox Coptic Arianism
Coptic
Beginning in 1570 B.C.E. the New Kingdom pharaohs had abandoned their isolationism; which of the following was not one of the places they attacked? Crete Nubia Palestine Syria Mesopotamia
Crete
The Minoan culture thrived on the island of Crete Minos Sicily Thera Cyprus
Crete
Who was the first king to create a Persian Empire? Cambyses II Xerxes Darius Cyrus the Great Darius III
Cyrus the Great
To what city did the Umayyad dynasty move the Caliphate? Mecca Medina Correct! Damascus Jerusalem Baghdad
Damascus
What philosophical system is attributed to Laozi? Cosmology Daoism Modified Confucianism Legalism Buddhist Confucianism
Daoism
Much of Northern India converted to Islam when what state was created there? Cholas Ghazni Tibet Correct! Delhi Sultanate Bihar
Delhi Sultanate
What are the earliest known cosmological traditions? Philosophical belief systems Divine creation stories explaining human existence Ideas based in scientific discovery Observations derived from geographic upheaval Universally-held creation myths
Divine creation stories explaining human existence
Most scholars believe that the Harappan spoke what kind of language? Semitic Dravidian Indo-European Demotic Bantu
Dravidian
What other imperial city fought with Akkad for control of northern Mesopotamia? Kish Nineveh Ebla Endu Lagash
Ebla
Except for three brief periods of independence, the African state of Nubia was usually dominated by what other state? Assyria Kush Oxus Egypt Persia
Egypt
In addition to Mesopotamia, the Assyrians also conquered much of India Greece Persia Parthia Egypt
Egypt
As Rome was rising, Mediterranean trade was dominated by the Etruscans and Carthage the Gauls and Germans Egypt and Carthage the Hebrews and Greeks Egypt and Greece
Egypt and Carthage
Before they developed their own writing style called Meroitic, what alphabet did the people of Kush use for the inscriptions on their monuments? Greek Egyptian hieroglyphics Phoenician Demotic Latin
Egyptian hieroglyphics
Qin Shi Huangdi means Master Teacher of the Qin Chief Warrior of the Qin First Minister of the Qin First Emperor of the Qin God Emperor of the Qin
First Emperor of the Qin
The Hundred Years' War was fought between England and what other country? Italy Germany Correct! France Denmark Spain
France
What Germanic group was Charlemagne king of when he was crowned emperor? Saxons Lombards Visigoths Ostrogoths Correct! Franks
Franks
Between 500 B.C.E. to 600 C.E., the salt trade was dominated by what peoples? Mande Bantu Guinea Garamante Soninke
Garamante
The city of Rome was plundered in 390 B.C.E. by Carthage Etruscans Gauls Greeks Persians
Gauls
Tacitus wrote a description of what people, using them as a contrast to what he saw as the fall in Roman values and standards? Celts Germanic tribes Chinese Egyptians Greeks
Germanic tribes
Which of the following works or persons is not associated with Homer? Gilgamesh The Iliad Achilles Agamemnon The Odyssey
Gilgamesh
Of all of Shi Huangdi's public works projects, the most famous was ever-level granaries Great Wall large treasury mail system Silk Road
Great Wall
From what culture did the Etruscans borrow heavily, including the alphabet? German Greece Hebrew Latins Celtic
Greece
The name "Mesopotamia," meaning "between the rivers" comes from what language? Greek Sumerian Assyrian Hittite Hebrew
Greek
Urdu is a combination of all of the following languages except Arabic Turkish Persian Correct Answer Greek You Answered Indian
Greek
Who won the battle of Marathon in 492 B.C.E.? Persians Phoenicians Macedonians Greeks no one
Greeks
Which of the following is not a place explored by Pytheas in the fourth century B.C.E.? Denmark Britain Greenland North Sea Irish Sea
Greenland
Which Roman Emperor had a wall built in northern England? Augustus Hadrian Septimus Severus Claudius Diocletian
Hadrian
The pinnacle of Han power came under the rule of which emperor? Han Taizong Han Li Si Han Menzi Han Wu Di Han Huangdi
Han Wu Di
Which of the following remains the most commonly spoken language in Africa today? Bantu Berber English Hausa Arabic (X)
Hausa
The Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt was what in origin? Carthaginian Roman Hellenistic Greek Indigenous to Egypt Hittite
Hellenistic Greek
Which of the following is not considered to be an Abrahamic faith? Christianity Catholicism Judaism Hinduism Islam
Hinduism
Ramses II in the 13th century B.C.E divided up Syria and Palestine with what other regional power? Lebanon Hittites Nubia Babylon Punt
Hittites
What culture built the Great Serpent Mound in Ohio about 2000 years ago? Anasazi Nazca Mogollon Hohokam Hopewell
Hopewell
Why is "big history" significant? "Big" events are the ones worth studying Only recently have humans begun to discuss humanity's place in the cosmos It is the sole way humans understand the flow of events Human history is best understood in a comprehensive ecological and cosmic framework It isn't; only humans themselves have impacted human history
Human history is best understood in a comprehensive ecological and cosmic framework
As Han Wu Di pushed the northern nomads to the west, some pushed into the Roman Empire, where they were known as the Goths Huns Mongols Golden Horde Picts
Huns
In which of the following states does Confucianism not have a significant impact? China Korea Vietnam India Japan
India
The first Greco-Persian war began when cities in what region rebelled against Persian rule? Ionia Thrace Persia Mesopotamia Egypt
Ionia
Although new religious and philosophical ideas usually mixed well with native Indian customs, which of the following was difficult to absorb? Buddhism Correct! Islam Christianity Confucianism Jainism
Islam
In c. 1400 C.E. the Christian Nubian state was conquered by people belonging to what religion? Coptic Christianity Islam Greek Orthodox Hinduism Zoroastrianism
Islam
The poet Kabir who mixed Hindu traditions with those of what other religion? Correct! Islam Christianity Zoroastrianism Daoism Judaism
Islam
What religion began to spread into the Sudan along the Saharan trade routes, beginning in the 800s? Christianity Correct! Islam Judaism Buddhism animism
Islam
Which of the following was not an economic problem of the western half of the Roman Empire in the third century? It had too few cities and did not collect enough in taxes. It produced a surplus of grain to export. Gold and silver mines were exhausted. There was a trade deficit with China. There was growing corruption and loss of civic spirit.
It produced a surplus of grain to export.
The European explorer Marco Polo was from where? France Spain Correct! Italy Greece England
Italy
After 2000 B.C.E., as farming became more production and the population grew rapidly, many Koreans migrated to China Vietnam Japan Mongolia Manchuria
Japan
During the Ming period, which of the following did not send tribute to China? Korea Indonesia Correct! Japan Cambodia Vietnam
Japan
Which of the following areas was NOT brought under the rule of Tang China? Correct Answer Japan Tibet Mongolia Manchuria You Answered Siberia
Japan
Which of the following areas was NOT brought under the rule of Tang China? Correct! Japan Tibet Mongolia Manchuria Siberia
Japan
The Crusades were wars intended to reclaim what for Christianity from Muslim control? Sicily Constantinople Correct! Jerusalem Greece Spain
Jerusalem
The communities of Falasha in northern Ethiopia belonged to what religion? Byzantine Christianity Catholicism Judaism Amharic nature worship Hinduism
Judaism
Artist Zhang Zeduan painted a scroll depicting what Chinese city? Chang-an Correct! Kaifeng Canton Hangzhou Beijing
Kaifeng
The kingdom of Angkor, in modern day Cambodia, was founded by what people? Burma Tamil Thai Correct! Khmer Javanese
Khmer
Which of the following was not one of the original Southeast Asian peoples? Vietnamese Papuans Melanesians Negritos Khmers
Khmers
Who completed the conquest of China in 1265? Genghis Khan Hulegu Khan Correct! Khubilai Khan Tamerlane Zheng He
Khubilai Khan
Which king was forced to sign the Magna Carta, which limited royal power? King Philip II of France Correct! King John of England Philip the Fair of France Frederick I of Germany King Henry of England
King John of England
What does "Rajput" mean? Correct Answer King's Sons You Answered Warrior Lowest Caste Noble King King's Guard
King's Sons
The three Classical-period Korean states were Koguryo, Yamato, and Annam Silla, Qin, and Sui Yen, Wu, and Sung Koguryo, Paekche, and Silla Qin, Han, and Zhou
Koguryo, Paekche, and Silla
Who invented the first metal moveable-type printing in 1234? China Byzantines Correct! Korea Arabs Italy
Korea
In addition to the Romans, what other people invented a method of heating houses through ductwork under the floors? Chinese Japanese Greeks Egyptians Koreans
Koreans
Which dynasty replaced the Silla to rule over Korea in 935? Koguryo Yi Yuan Paekche Correct! Koryo
Koryo
Who conquered and occupied Egypt in the eighth century B.C.E., only to be pushed out be the Assyrians? Persia Chaldeans Kush Kerma Hebrews
Kush
The Roman city-state was originally built by the Etruscans Carthaginians Latins Celts Greeks
Latins
What philosophy did the Qin dynasty favor? Confucianism Legalism tempered with Confucianism Daoism Legalist Daoism Legalism
Legalism
Eventually, most descendents of Indonesian settlers on the East African coast mixed with Bantu culture and moved to what island? Canary Katanga Madeira Zanzibar Madagascar
Madagascar
What universal religion became particularly popular in China during the Han dynasty? Mahayana Buddhism Christianity Hindiusm Theravada Buddhism Islam
Mahayana Buddhism
The Mauryan Empire at its height did NOT include which of the following? Magadha Punjab Sind Correct! Malabar the Deccan Plateau
Malabar
What god did Cyrus claim led him to conquer Babylonia? Zoroaster Amon-Ra Ahura Mazda Yahweh Marduk
Marduk
Who ruled over the Persians in 612 B.C.E., in an alliance with the Babylonians? Medes Hebrews Assyrians Hittites Phoenicians
Medes
The philosophers Thales and Anaximander were from what Greek city? Athens Miletus Corinth Delphi Ephesus
Miletus
The city of Cahokia was built at the juncture of the Mississippi and what other river? Ohio Red Arkansas Correct! Missouri Illinois
Missouri
Before becoming Muslims, the Il-Khanids belonged to what society? Correct! Mongol Tartar Jewish Franks Persian
Mongol
Iltutmish of the Delhi Sultanate successfully kept what army out of India? China Turkish Arab Hindu Correct! Mongol
Mongol
In the thirteenth century, who conquered China? Manchuria Correct! Mongols Japan Islam Europeans
Mongols
Coptic Christianity is based on which belief system? Monophysite Arian Zoroastrian Nestorian Hebrew
Monophysite
Coptic Christianity is based on which belief system? Monophysite Arian Zoroastrian Nestorian Hebrew
Monophysite
Where did the Carthaginian explorer Hanno sail to and establish trade posts and markets? Morocco and West Africa northern Europe eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea the Po Valley the Red Sea area
Morocco and West Africa
Whose raids did Charles Martel stop at the Battle of Tours in 732? Franks Saxons Romans Huns Correct! Muslims
Muslims
Which of the following empires did not at some time occupy one of the Hebrew states? Mycenae Assyria Chaldeans Persia Rome
Mycenae
Zhu Xi promoted what new philosophy in China? Correct! Neo-Confucianism Neo-Daoism Neo-Legalism Neo-Cosmology Neo-Rhetorics
Neo-Confucianism
What sect of Christianity had established itself in China by the Han and Tang dynasties? Coptic Byzantine Correct! Nestorian Arian Roman Catholic
Nestorian
Of the major African rivers, which is the most easily navigable over large distances? Blue Nile Congo Zambezi Niger Limpopo
Niger
The Sudan region is mostly dry soil, except for a agriculturally rich delta along what river? Niger Nile Congo Senegal Zambezi
Niger
The Greek historian Herodotus called Egypt the gift of what river? Tigris Nile Indus Oxus Euphrates
Nile
After Egypt, where do we find the first urban African state? Great Zimbabwe Nubia Ghana Carthage Mali
Nubia
Which of the following was NOT a name Europeans gave to southwestern Asia and the eastern Mediterranean coast? Near East Asia Minor Occident the Orient Levant
Occident
During which period of Egyptian history were the Great Pyramids of Giza built? Old Kingdom First Intermediate Period Middle Kingdom Second Intermediate Period New Kingdom
Old Kingdom
The Zapotec may have learned their writing system from what other Mesoamerican peoples? Teotihuacan Miztec Aztec Monte Alban Olmec
Olmec
The earliest known Mesoamerican urban society was the Maya Aztec Olmec Miztec Norte Chico
Olmec
Which of the following is not one of China's major river systems? Yellow Huang He Yangzi Oxus Xijiang
Oxus
Beginning around 1500 B.C.E., Melanesians began to explore and colonize what area? Northeast Asia Central Asia mountain ranges Mekong River Basin Pacific Islands Southeastern China
Pacific Islands
Where in the Americans was the Chumash culture located? coast of the Gulf of Mexico Pacific coast of North America Pacific coast of South America Atlantic coast of North America Bering Strait
Pacific coast of North America
What was the capital of the Mauryan state? Mathura Sanchi Correct! Patna Ayodhya Delhi
Patna
What social class dominated the Senate at the start of Rome's Republic? Plebeian Patrician Slaves Centuriates Etruscans
Patrician
What was the name of Darius' new Persian capital? Miletus Helicarnassus Ecbatana Persepolis Susa
Persepolis
The Sassanian Empire was a revival of what ancient empire? Persia Egyptian Greece Babylonian Roman
Persia
Of the divisions of Alexander's empire, what region did Seleucus get? Greece and Macedonia Persia and Mesopotamia Egypt eastern Mediterranean coast Ionia
Persia and Mesopotamia
What is the other name of the Achaemenid Empire? Babylonian Persian Medes Greek Aral
Persian
What is a satrap? Zoroastrian priest heir to the Persian throne general in the Persian army personal bodyguard to the Persian king Persian official who ruled over a province
Persian official who ruled over a province
In what modern South American nation were the Moche located? Brazil Peru Argentina Ecuador Chile
Peru
According to Roman Catholic tradition, who was the first bishop of Rome, and thus the first pope? Jesus Paul Constantine Peter Augustine
Peter
Who conquered the Greek cities in 338 B.C.E.? Philip of Macedon Alexander the Great Darius III of Persia Solon the Lawgiver Xerxes of Persia
Philip of Macedon
What was the first European country to explore the seas beyond Europe, especially the west coast of Africa? France Correct! Portugal England Italy Spain
Portugal
Who represented a destabilizing influence in Southeast Asia that altered the region after 1500? Correct! Portuguese Mongols Chinese Japanese Arabs
Portuguese
Where did Queen Hatshepsut send an expedition to find myrrh trees for her temple? Lebanon Kush Palestine Punt Indus Valley
Punt
Shi Huangdi was the first ruler of what dynasty? Qin Zhou Former Han Yuan Shang
Qin
King Aspelta of Kush believed he was the son of what god? Yahweh Ra Inanna Zeus Ahura Mazda
Ra
Darius I built an early version of the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean with the Black Sea Persian Gulf Nile River Red Sea Tigris River
Red Sea
During the first and second centuries B.C.E., Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt maintained their power with help from Carthage Rome Athens Phoenicia Persia
Rome
What powerful Roman city was plundered by Germans or Huns in 410, 452, and 455? Rome Constantinople Nicomedia Massilia Berenike
Rome
What city was the capital of Tamerlane's Timurid empire? Baghdad Correct! Samarkand Mecca Babylon Delhi
Samarkand
What language were the Vedas preserved in? Hindi Bengali Sanskrit Urdu Persian
Sanskrit
Who created the first empire that ended the independence of the Sumerian city-states? Hammurabi Sargon Enheduanna Solomon Tiglath-pileser
Sargon
What Indo-European people was Darius of Persia unable to defeat? Medes Aryans Scythians Hebrews Anatolians
Scythians
The first Crusade was a response to the expansion of what Muslim state into Byzantine territory? Fatimids Correct Answer Seljuk Turks Kurds You Answered Umayyads Abbasids
Seljuk Turks
To what language family does Arabic belong? Nilotic Bantu Correct! Semitic Afro-Asiatic Indo-European
Semitic
What is the first Chinese dynasty that can be fully documented? Xia Shang Longshan Qin Zhou
Shang
Who did Queen Artemisia of the Greek city of Halicarnassus side with in the Greco-Persian War of 480 B.C.E.? She sided with the Greeks against the Persians. She sided with the Persians against the Greeks. She sided with Helicarnassus against Greeks and Persians. She sided with the Scythians against the Persians. She sided with the Persians against the Scythians.
She sided with the Persians against the Greeks.
What is the native religion of Japan? Confucianism Correct! Shinto there is none Hinduism Buddhism
Shinto
Which of the following is NOT a Japanese Buddhist sect? Zen the Pure Land Nicheren Correct Answer Shinto You Answered Mahayana
Shinto
In the eleventh century, Normans took over what territory from Muslim control? Spain Bulgaria Correct! Sicily Egypt Corsica
Sicily
Where in Europe did the first outbreak of Black Death occur in 1347? Rome Paris Venice Correct! Sicily London
Sicily
What international trade route did the Mongols restore and protect? Correct! Silk Road Trans-Saharan Caravan Routes Grand Canal Great Wall Trans-Siberian Road
Silk Road
Who wrote the great historical work, Records of the Grand Historian? Ban Zhao Chai Lun Li Si Sima Qian Liu Xiang
Sima Qian
What Greek polis created the "phalanx" infantry formation? Sparta Miletus Corinth Delphi Athens
Sparta
Where are the Sinhalese people located? Bactria Magadha Kalinga Correct! Sri Lanka Indus River Basin
Sri Lanka
What region in Africa benefited the most from the trans-Saharan caravan trade? the Kongo River Basin Correct! Sudan the Swahili coast Great Zimbabwe Egypt
Sudan
Some of the most effective Muslim missionaries in India were Dehli sultans Arab mercenaries mullahs Islamic women Correct! Sufi mystics
Sufi mystics
What is Amaterasu in relation to the Japanese imperial family? Sun Goddess and ancestress of the imperial family first Yamato emperor warrior queen during the Yayoi who started the imperial line a Shinto priestess and mother to the first Yayoi emperor wife of the first Yamato emperor
Sun Goddess and ancestress of the imperial family
What city was Archimedes from and in charge of defending against the Romans? Athens Alexandria, Egypt Issus Syracuse Carthage
Syracuse
Austronesian settlers on the Philippine Islands c. 4000 B.C.E. originated where? Taiwan China Australia Mesopotamia Java
Taiwan
What dynasty took over China after the fall of the Sui? Sung Han Zhou Correct! Tang Ming
Tang
The Taika reform of 646 C.E. was intended to make Japan more like the Mongols Vietnam Song China Yi Korea Correct! Tang China
Tang China
One of the major trade partners of the Maya was what non-Mayan city near today's Mexico City? Tikal El Mirador Chauvin Teotihuacan Cuzco
Teotihuacan
What Mesoamerican city-state's name means "City of the Gods?" Monte Alban Teotihuacan El Mirador Tenochitlan Tikal
Teotihuacan
Which of the following was an impediment to adapting rice cultivation to Korea? The Chinese refused to share the technology with them. The Korean climate is cooler than rice normally thrives in. The Korean's worshipped a local deity that rejected rice. Korean's are genetically allergic to rice. Koreans could never learn how to cook rice.
The Korean climate is cooler than rice normally thrives in.
Which work did Lady Murasaki compose? the Taika Zen parables The Water Margin Correct! The Tale of Genji "The Joys of Wine"
The Tale of Genji
What was Aristarchus' major contribution to Hellenistic scientific thought? Measuring the circumference of the earth. Exact calculation of pi. The idea that the sun was the center of the universe. Theories of plane geometry. The invention of a steam engine.
The idea that the sun was the center of the universe.
What was the state religion of Burman, Khmer, Siam and Lao by the fourteenth century? Islam Correct! Theravada Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism Hinduism Confucianism
Theravada Buddhism
What Greek historian wrote the book The Peloponnesian War? Herodotus Aristotle Pericles Democritus Thucydides
Thucydides
The earliest urban societies appeared first in what geographic region? Indus Valley Nile Valley Tigris - Euphrates Valley Yangtze Valley Aegean Sea
Tigris - Euphrates Valley
Under the Songhai, what Mali city continued to flourish as a center of Islamic thought? Gao Koumbi Correct! Timbuktu Jenne Oyo
Timbuktu
What Mali city was the southern terminus of the trans-Saharan caravan route? Correct! Timbuktu Jenne Koumbi Oyo Tunis
Timbuktu
Islamic expansion in Europe was stopped at a battle in 732 outside what city in southern France? Cordoba Rome Paris Marseilles Correct! Tours
Tours
"Genghis Khan" means Emperor of the Mongols Correct! Universal Emperor Conqueror of China Ruler of the East Greatest King
Universal Emperor
What is the best definition of "Brahman" in Hindu belief? a sacred text Correct! Universal Soul the first sacred cow one's individual soul ascetic rejection of earthly pleasure
Universal Soul
According to Egyptian legends, in 3000 B.C.E. King Menes united Lower Egypt with the Nile Delta the Sinai Mesopotamia Kush Upper Egypt
Upper Egypt
The earliest known Sumerian settlement to become a city with a population of 50,000 was Akkad Babylon Ebla Jericho Uruk
Uruk
The world's oldest known large-scale organized warfare was an attack by what city on Tell Hamoukar in northern Mesopotamia? Uruk Ur Nippur Agade Jericho
Uruk
Southeast Asian bronze trade is marked by the production of drums made where? Korea Vietnam Northern China Thailand New Guinea
Vietnam
When the Tang collapsed, it allowed what Asian society to break free of Chinese control? Korea Japan Manchuria Sri Lanka Correct! Vietnam
Vietnam
What European peoples were the first to encounter native Americans? Correct! Vikings Spanish Portuguese English Dutch
Vikings
By what name do historians call the late Zhou period from 481-221 B.C.E.? Great Dynastic Shift Warring States Period Three Kingdoms Era Six Dynasties Era Former Han Dynasty
Warring States Period
What is the first (possibly mythical) Chinese dynasty, dating from about 2000 B.C.E.? Correct! Xia Longshan Zhou Yangshao Shang
Xia
In 138 B.C.E. the diplomat Zhang Qian set out to negotiate an alliance with the Yuezhi against what enemy? Xiongnu Mongols Han Chinese Manchus Tibetans
Xiongnu
Among the Zhou advances was a complex system of water management built in 250 B.C.E. on what river? Xi Yangzi Mekong Yalu Yellow
Yangzi
Which of the following rivers is known as "China's Sorrow" because of its tendency for destructive flooding? Xijiang Yellow Yangzi West Oxus
Yellow
The Sui Dynasty built the Grand Canal to link what? Yellow River and the Great Wall Yangzi River and the South China Sea Yellow and Yangzi Rivers Yellow and Wei Rivers Yangzi River and the Yellow Sea
Yellow and Yangzi Rivers
The Japanese tea ceremony originated with what religious sect? Pure Land Buddhism Christianity Correct! Zen Buddhism Nicheren Buddhism Shinto
Zen Buddhism
What god did the Olympic Games honor? Apollo Zeus Athena Hercules Aphrodite
Zeus
What was the state religion of the Sassanid Empire? Zoroastrianism Arianism Christianity Islam Buddhism
Zoroastrianism
Which of the following is NOT a Hellenistic philosophical or religious movement? Zoroastrianism Isis worship Mithraism Cynicism Stoicism
Zoroastrianism
The Yangshao society of the Yellow River region is an example of an early city-state ruled by a king Correct! a Neolithic society a pastoral society without any fixed residences a Paleolithic society a heavily fortified military society with iron weapons
a Neolithic society
Who are the Parsees? followers of Alexander the Great a Zoroastrian minority in India worshippers of Mithras an Indo-Aryan people conquered by Persia a school of Greek philosophy
a Zoroastrian minority in India
The largest mound found at Poverty Point, Louisiana is in the shape of a snake a bird a deer a fox a fish
a bird
Who was Aspasia? a famous courtesan and mistress of Pericles a goddess wife of Socrates daughter of the first Athenian tyrant poet who wrote love poems to her students
a famous courtesan and mistress of Pericles
Ban Zhao was an emperor's concubine a female warlord a rebellious woman who rejected Confucian values a female scholar a female Buddhist monk
a female scholar
What was a trireme? a catapult a defensive maneuver a phalanx formation a fighting ship an infantry unit
a fighting ship
What is a state? cities banding together for mutual defense a formal government exercising power over a recognized territory territory give to a people by their gods trade networks linked by a common language territory controlled by a military force
a formal government exercising power over a recognized territory
One of the most important legacies of the Phoenicians was their development of iron weapons the first port cities cuneiform writing invention of papyrus a phonetic alphabet
a phonetic alphabet
Who was Kabir? a Buddhist monk a king Correct! a poet founder of the Delhi Sultanate an inventor
a poet
What was Siddhartha Gautama before he became the Buddha? a Jain Correct! a prince a farmer a poet a merchant
a prince
One of Thales' innovations was a system that allowed one to figure out the position of the sun at particular times of the day the moon at high tide a ship at sea the fixed stars the earth in relation to the moon
a ship at sea
What is an empire? a coalition of city-states banding together for protection a state controlling other societies through conquest or domination a city-state attracting greater trade revenue than its neighbors the largest kingdom in a region of many states a state with the largest population and strongest military
a state controlling other societies through conquest or domination
What is the difference between a sultan and a caliph? sultans are also generals; caliphs are religious leaders Correct! a sultan rules one country; caliphs are considered successors to the Prophet sultans have religious roles, while caliphs are strictly secular rulers there can only be one sultan, but many caliphs sultans have to be descended from Muhammad's family, caliphs do not
a sultan rules one country; caliphs are considered successors to the Prophet
Who was Mulan, according to a Han ballad? a woman who posed as emperor a woman scholar who wrote a history of China a woman who posed as a warrior to defend China a peasant woman who married the last Han general a woman who led an invasion of China
a woman who posed as a warrior to defend China
In terms of human behavior, which of the following would Confucius NOT encourage? moderation benevolence toward fellow humans reverence to the gods abandoning family for independence concern for the future
abandoning family for independence
Aristocratic Heian culture was obsessed with You Answered military values and conquest disseminating Shinto Correct Answer aesthetic values, such as art and beauty philosophical debates economic growth and commercial expansion
aesthetic values, such as art and beauty
The Japanese developed what technology late, compared to other societies such as China? pottery building houses out of wood agriculture language hunting
agriculture
Which of these territories was subject to a devastating Mongol assault? China eastern Europe Anatolia Russia Correct! all of these choices
all of these choices
Aristotle is associated with the study of? zoology human emotions the natural sciences metaphysics all of these choices are correct
all of these choices are correct
Confucius thought that following rules of etiquette would promote what in society? stability harmony continuity social order all of these choices are correct
all of these choices are correct
How is the Sui dynasty comparable to the Qin dynasty? they were comparatively short-lived they undertook major building projects they ruthlessly employed forced labor they were patrons of arts and letters all of these choices are correct
all of these choices are correct
Why did the Byzantine Empire diverge from the western Roman empire? its core society and culture was Hellenistic Greek Greek and Latin Christianity split from each other Byzantium could not prevent invasions of Rome Greek Christians did not accept the pope all of these choices are correct
all of these choices are correct
What did Cyrus the Great do to the Jews when he captured Babylon? moved them as slaves to Persepolis allowed them to return to Palestine had all the physically strong members killed enslaved all the women and freed the men released them from slavery but forced them to remain in Babylon
allowed them to return to Palestine
Because China had such productive and stable agriculture, they were one of the first cultures in the world to view cooking as a means of preserving food for future use a method of unifying the region under one style of cooking Correct! an art form for aesthetic and social needs a totally secular activity that humans invented something to be avoided; better to eat crops raw
an art form for aesthetic and social needs
Which of the following is the best definition of "pastoral nomadism"? an economy based on breeding and herding livestock an economy based on agriculture in the summer and livestock in the winter an economy based on mining metals and agriculture an economy based on sea trade an economy based on textile production and agriculture
an economy based on breeding and herding livestock
What lasting legacy did the Shang leave for Chinese culture? ritualized warfare high status for aristocratic women an elaborate writing system benevolent treatment of subject peoples human sacrifice
an elaborate writing system
For many aristocratic Greeks, the ideal mentoring relationship was between a man and a woman of the same age a free man and a slave an older and younger man a man and an older woman two women of the same ages
an older and younger man
One of the ways Han China and the Roman Empire influenced each other was through an unbalanced trade in silver exchanges of technology philosophical debate swapping horses for porcelain persistent military conflict
an unbalanced trade in silver
What are "dragon bones?" dinosaur bones found in the Gobi desert warrior burial remains from China Correct! animal bones with early Chinese writing on them early bronze weapons from Shang China fossilized heads of early Chinese farmers
animal bones with early Chinese writing on them
The religious heritage of the early Southeast Asian and Austronesian peoples for their region is? monotheism Correct! animism shamanism ancestor worship mysticism
animism
To make sure that people accepted her as pharaoh, Hatshepsut married her nephew Thutmosis III appeared in public in male clothing and the false beard of the pharaohs married a king from Punt conquered Palestine and enslaved the Hebrews killed her father, Thutmosis I
appeared in public in male clothing and the false beard of the pharaohs
What were chinampas in the Aztec world? Correct! artificial islands market villages temples to the sun priestly class military formations
artificial islands
How do the Chinese view Confucius himself? as a god to be honored as a foreign upstart to be forgotten as a wise sage to be reverenced as a man with unworkable ideals as a scandalous atheist who offends the gods
as a wise sage to be reverenced
Much of Sumerian labor was done by slaves, many of whom were acquired by trading with the Aryans of India from special slave-breeding programs as captives taken in war as gifts to the kings from his people from trade with Egypt
as captives taken in war
The Greek philosopher Democritus suggested that all matter was composed of water air atoms formless energy divinity
atoms
The fossil skeleton known as Lucy is an example of what stage in early hominid development? proto-human Homo sapiens sapiens Homo habilis Homo erectus australopithecines
australopithecines
Xunzi thought that human nature was essentially good neutral empty bad perfect
bad
What did the Phoenicians use as currency in their Mediterranean trade? salt slaves textiles bars of precious metals pottery
bars of precious metals
Which of the following was NOT expected of a typical Greek woman? prepare meals and food for her family weave and prepare clothing for her family be literate and well-read bear children raise the children
be literate and well-read
In order to fill their leisure time, the Sumerians worshipped Ninkasi, the goddess of what? beer sheep sleep poetry memory
beer
Which of the following may have been an idea the Jews adopted from Zoroastrianism? belief in a last judgment belief in a single god belief in the abilities of prophets belief that history is progressive belief in animal sacrifice
belief in a last judgment
Which of the following does NOT refer to a group of Christian believers? Arians Nestorians believers in Manichaeism ascetics Monophysites
believers in Manichaeism
What idea did Ramanuja contribute to Hindu thought? vedanta, mystical study of ultimate reality Correct! bhakti, devotional worship of a personal god tantrism, worshipping the female essence vajrayana, which worshipped a female essence religious statuary
bhakti, devotional worship of a personal god
As the power of the Roman Empire melted away, what became the major source of authority in local communities? former Roman generals Correct! bishops and leaders in the church women monks Roman aristocrats artists
bishops and leaders in the church
In many places the loss of large herbivores such as horses led to the hunting of smaller animals, but early Americans turned to hunting deer or mammoths elephants bison quickly developed agriculture camels
bison
In some sub-Saharan cultures, such as the Haya people in Tanzania, what occupation ranked as high as nobility? scribe wet nurse potter blacksmith weaver
blacksmith
The need to reproduce Buddhist texts led to what invention in China by the sixth century C.E.? paper block printing permanent ink alphabetic script quill pens
block printing
The use of what metal was introduced to the Shang state in c. 1400 B.C.E.? bronze steel iron copper tin
bronze
Which of the following was not a military technology introduced to Egypt by the Hyksos? horse-drawn chariots smaller shields compound bow bronze weapons body armor
bronze weapons
In spite of his brutality, Shi Huangdi was responsible for all of the following except building canals and bridges standardizing wheel axle length to aid transportation standardizing weights and measures building the largest library of Confucian texts beginning the Great Wall
building the largest library of Confucian texts
In Chavín cities, what structures most clearly reveal the divisions between social classes? farmlands lands layout of city streets ruins of markets temple sites Correct! burial sites
burial sites
How did the Buddha present his ideas about the Four Noble Truths? by issuing a law code he wrote a book explaining them Correct! by describing them in sermons he had them carved on steles and placed around India he wrote a play which acted out the Truths
by describing them in sermons
What animal was the primary beast of burden in the trans-Saharan caravan trade? camels oxen human slaves elephants horses
camels
What domesticated beast of burden was introduced into the Sahara from Arabia by 700 B.C.E.? oxen elephants camels horses mules
camels
In much of tropical Africa, what animals could not be kept because of their susceptibility to tropical diseases or pests? dogs Correct! cattle birds fish cats
cattle
Over 98 precent of human DNA is the same as what other species? chimpanzees dinosaurs dogs baboons mountain gorillas
chimpanzees
What spice was used by Malay traders to open up trade between India and China? pepper Correct! cinnamon nutmeg saffron clove
cinnamon
What method did the Han invent to staff the imperial bureaucracy? nepotism a lottery a tithe of every tenth born child hiring foreign scholars civil service exams
civil service exams
Cuneiform records were created on what material? woven cloth papyrus linen paper clay tablets wood boards
clay tablets
What tradable good did women produce in the earliest urban economies? bronze jewelry weapons texts farming tools cloth
cloth
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Indianization? adoption of Indian writing systems You Answered syncretic religious practices kings claim religious justification for their rule settlement of Indians among indigenous elites Correct Answer conquest by Indian empires
conquest by Indian empires
How does Hammurabi's law code resemble that of the Hebrews? use of the Hebrew language rejection of divinity reliance on women as judges contains a law of retaliation, an eye for an eye insistence on fines rather than physical punishment
contains a law of retaliation, an eye for an eye
Gold dust and ingots made of what metal served as currency in the Sudan area in the later Classical Era? silver bronze copper tin iron
copper
In Sub-Saharan Africa, what was used since ancient times for jewelry? iron steel wood Correct! copper cloisonné
copper
When China developed a cash economy by the Zhou period, what was used for their coins? paper iron bronze copper bamboo
copper
What kind of cloth did the Harappan invent? linen wool velvet cotton silk
cotton
Akhenaton's major innovation to Egyptian society was building a new type of pyramid, with stepped sides to negotiate a treaty with the Hittites over Syria and Palestine creation of a monotheistic religion driving out the Libyans when they invaded the delta introducing incest into the royal culture by marrying his sister
creation of a monotheistic religion
In response to the new phalanx system, increased population, and increased wealth, what political system evolved in some Greek city-states? republicanism monarchism tyranny democracy despotism
democracy
Which of the following terms does NOT come from Latin with its origins in Rome? senate dictator democracy plebiscite suffrage
democracy
Egyptians believed their pharaohs were descended from the sun god, Re originally from Mesopotamia mere mortals who occasionally talked to gods completely unconnected to the religious beliefs of Egypt demons to be avoided
descended from the sun god, Re
One of the ironic consequences of the development of irrigation for farming is that it often ultimately creates water resistant crops limitless crop yields less-centralized governments less labor for farming deserts
deserts
What is bhakti? Shankara's school of philosophical beliefs the Tibetan form of Buddhism Correct! devotional worship of a personal god Hindu monotheism the faith of the Parsees
devotional worship of a personal god
The kings of Teotihuacan were probably viewed as what by their people? human bureaucrats mere figureheads elected officials divine
divine
Probably the first animal domesticated, about 15,000 years ago, even before agriculture was developed, was the chicken llama dog goat horse
dog
Of all the literary forms, which one was the most popular in Athens? epic poetry sculpture lyric poetry music drama
drama
The poet Li Po is believed to have died how? in a battle against northern nomads executed by the Tang emperor Correct! drowning while drunk in a duel over a woman suicide
drowning while drunk
Zhou-era scholars conceptualized the passage of time according to the Mandate of Heaven will of the gods astrological calendar dynastic cycle straight line of progress
dynastic cycle
What is the distinction of Caral in north-central Peru? largest city built in the Americas earliest known city in the Americas developed the first written language in the Americas site of first human sacrifices performed in the Americas first farming village in the Americas
earliest known city in the Americas
What most likely destroyed the Minoan culture around 1650 B.C.E.? invasion from the Assyrians earthquakes from a volcanic explosion on Thera the development of an Ice Age invasion from the island of Crete invasion from the Dorians
earthquakes from a volcanic explosion on Thera
Which of the following best defines the term "nirvana?" unity with Brahman rebirth into a higher caste rebirth into a lower caste unity with Buddha Correct! end of suffering through eternal peace
end of suffering through eternal peace
Olmec culture is noted for producing delicate jasper jewelry open-air ampitheatres for games huge earthen mounds massive irrigation projects enormous sculpted stone heads
enormous sculpted stone heads
What did the Spartans do to the neighboring peoples rather than form an overseas colony? sell them to the Persians kill them and took over their land combined with them to form a state enslaved them to work the farmland intermarried with them
enslaved them to work the farmland
Because the !Kung villages gather food collectively, they have lot of free time, which they usually spending doing what? making war on other !Kung tribes building large private residences entertainment and socializing hunting for sport rather than food creating fold stories to remember previous wars
entertainment and socializing
What was the main factor spurring the evolutionary development from australopithecines to homo habilis some 2.5 million years ago? environmental charges alien technology development of agriculture and dietary changes ingestion of excessive amounts of mercury crossbreeding with other australopithecines species
environmental charges
Which of the following is a consistent unifying feature of Indian life? state Correct! family and caste empire the caravan trade Buddhism
family and caste
A crisis in what led to the reforms of Solon? military independence of Athens an earthquake on Thera farming and agricultural production artistic freedom decrease in Athenian population
farming and agricultural production
The Daoist system for determining auspicious placement, still practiced today, is called Sima Qian feng shui Dao De Jing Sinicization Mengzi
feng shui
Anyang may have been China's first irrigation system first planned city predecessor to the Great Wall earliest known worship site first emperor
first planned city
Unlike the Mesopotamian rivers, the Nile flooded rarely flooded predictably flooded unpredictably flooded for hundreds of miles in either direction never flooded
flooded predictably
Chinese expressions of prosperity and want often centered around? family silk pottery food money
food
Why did later Chinese historians condemn Khubilai Khan? for closing China to outside influences for relocating the capital Correct! for not fully assimilating into Chinese culture for his excessive cruelty for forcibly converting the Chinese
for not fully assimilating into Chinese culture
Taxes under the Qin were high, and often included traveling abroad to build colonies working within the imperial household building temples to worship the emperor forced labor on one of the public works projects sacrificing one's livestock to please the gods
forced labor on one of the public works projects
Most south Indian states after the Gupta made their money in what occupation? farming medicine government bureaucracy iron smelting Correct! foreign sea trade
foreign sea trade
What made Egypt the ancient world's wealthiest society? its hierarchical society intensive agriculture slavery foreign trade extensive conquest
foreign trade
Pope Gregory I sanctioned turning what into churches? unsettled forest areas You Answered only sites located near rivers places within defined kingdoms places exposed to bright sunlight throughout the year Correct Answer former pagan shrines
former pagan shrines
Most of the workers who constructed the great pyramids of Giza were Hebrew slaves women and children free workers hired for the construction members of the royal army unskilled laborers hired for physical strength
free workers hired for the construction
In re-organizing the Athenian council, Cleisthenes created a democracy by organizing people into what kind of units? geographic military gender language groups experience in voting process
geographic
During the New Kingdom, c. 1500 B.C.E., Egypt's power in the region was largely determined by her supplying what trade commodity from Nubia and Punt? gold myrrh cedar oak wheat
gold
Which of the following best describes the Sudan region? desert rain forest grassland mountain region coastline
grassland
Which of these is not an advantage provided by the urban revolution? greater immunity to the spread of disease specialization by craftsmen networks of communication and exchange more diverse foodstuffs cultural innovations, such as record-keeping
greater immunity to the spread of disease
The Phoenicians were the ancient Mediterranean's most destabilizing force least understood culture most savage warriors greatest mariners most extensive land empire
greatest mariners
In the Egyptian religion, what was the function of the Book of the Dead? record the names of all Egyptian soldiers who had died in battle memorialize those whom the Egyptians killed in battle guide the deceased by depicting the afterlife enable architects to map the interiors of the pyramids record the names of the gods and their functions
guide the deceased by depicting the afterlife
Which of the following was NOT a Mongol military tactic or advantage? superb horsemanship the recurved bow You Answered disc-shaped stirrups Correct Answer gunpowder advanced siege weaponry
gunpowder
What weapon did the Tang invent using sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal? nuclear bombs Correct! gunpowder cannons underwater missiles germ warfare arrows lit on fire
gunpowder cannons
In terms of marriage, Persian men could marry only one wife have many wives marry only a female relative marry only younger women marry only a woman of another city
have many wives
In the Shang state, how did a man become king? he inherited it by marrying the king's daughter he was elected by the warriors of the state he was chosen by the priests of the important temples he inherited it usually as the son or brother of a king he was elected by the male members of the kingdom as a whole
he inherited it usually as the son or brother of a king
What was the Buddha's view of the caste system? he accepted it as is he thought it should be expanded to include more classes Correct! he rejected it as immoral he thought it should be reduced to fewer class categories he wanted it to be spread to other lands
he rejected it as immoral
How did Darius I become the Persian king in 521? he inherited it from his father he inherited it from his uncle he seized power in a coup he conquered Egypt and used it to seize power he married the daughter of the previous king
he seized power in a coup
How did the last Abbasid Caliph die? Correct! he was executed by the Mongols he died of bubonic plague he was killed by Christian crusaders he was killed by a rebellion of his own people he died of old age
he was executed by the Mongols
Besides Alexander, what contributed to the fall of the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia? lack of male heirs after Cambyses II massive famine caused by drought in central Asia invasion by an Indian state earthquakes which destroyed Persepolis heavy taxation that caused civil unrest
heavy taxation that caused civil unrest
In the Peloponnesian War, Athens hoped to win by relying on what? her navy her army slave soldiers mercenaries diplomacy
her navy
To whom did Sappho write most of her lyric poems? her self her students her husband Sparta the gods
her students
The Holy Inquisition court was created to investigate what problem within the Christian community? non-celibate priests Correct! heresy prostitution hunting pre-marital sex
heresy
Mayan society was extremely hierarchical peaceful religiously diverse matriarchal rural
hierarchical
Thucydides is known as a historian for telling wildly inaccurate stories being completely neutral in his assessment only giving one side of the story attributing outcomes to fate his critical and moral judgment
his critical and moral judgment
The Hebrew theory of history was that history has no meaning and is a series of coincidences history had meaning and moves in circular patterns history is regressive, moving from better to worse history has meaning and moves in a linear fashion history does not exist, all things happen in the present time
history has meaning and moves in a linear fashion
Which of the following was NOT an animal domesticated by the Harappan or their ancestors? camel oxen water buffalo elephant horses
horses
The Toltecs adopted the cult of Quetzalcoatl, perhaps based on a high priest who was exiled for objecting to what practice? trading writing the ball game worship of the sun Correct! human sacrifice
human sacrifice
What religious practice common throughout Mesoamerica may have begun as early as 7000 B.C.E.? mummification sacrificing horses playing a ceremonial ballgame chariot races human sacrifice
human sacrifice
Which of the following did Legalists NOT believe would help control people? rewards commands prohibitions punishments humanist sympathy
humanist sympathy
The !Kung people, a contemporary hunter and gatherer society, live where? in the Sahara Desert, in the region of modern day Ethiopia Northeast Asia, in the Gobi Desert in the Kalahari Desert, mostly in Botswana and Namibia in Siberia, in the frozen tundra in Australia, in the interior desert
in the Kalahari Desert, mostly in Botswana and Namibia
In the myth of Osiris, after he is killed and resurrected, where does the god end up? in Memphis as the first pharaoh in the underworld nothingness; he is annihilated trapped in the Nile river for eternity in the sun with Re
in the underworld
Between 1000-600 B.C.E., Hindu priests known as brahmans became increasingly poor and less popular more popular than ever because of their humility less powerful as they shared power with a new priestly class Correct! increasingly wealthy and yet resented extinct as the religion died out
increasingly wealthy and yet resented
Which of the following is NOT an ancient Spartan virtue? physical toughness absolute loyalty to Sparta courage independent thought self-discipline
independent thought
Daoists argued that nature must be controlled and tamed humans must live in nature, but be dominant over it rulers must protect the individual from the dangers of nature individuals should one with nature all governments were and moral
individuals should one with nature
What was the ultimate consequence of the Peloponnesian War? Spartan victory, leadingto Greek unification Athenian victory, leading to commercial prosperity instability, leading to the loss of Greek independence stability, leading to Sparta's total domination instability, leading to the spread of democracy
instability, leading to the loss of Greek independence
The Han dynasty's economy was dominated by the export of iron tools intensive farming of cereal crops trade in porcelain and silk paper and jade the export of rice
intensive farming of cereal crops
Which of the following is not a characteristic of early American cultural and spiritual life? earth worship connection to guardian spirits mutual cooperation intensive urbanization shamanism
intensive urbanization
Which of the following did not contribute to the decline of Old Kingdom Egypt? environmental change the belief that the gods were displeased more independent royal governors building elaborate tombs impoverished the country international maritime trade
international maritime trade
Which of the following was NOT a problem that contributed to the end of the Han dynasty? peasant revolts powerful families fighting for power epidemics invasion by Huns lower tax revenues
invasion by Huns
Bantu-speaking migrants had the advantage of knowing how to work what metal into tools and weapons? steel iron copper bronze gold
iron
By 600 B.C.E. Kush had become the major African producer of what metal? gold iron copper bronze silver
iron
The Kush society was primarily known for producing what trade item? pottery wine olive oil iron ceramics
iron
What metal were the Etruscans particularly skilled at working into objects such as axes and tools? bronze copper steel iron gold
iron
What did the Mesopotamian farmers near the Persian Gulf build, which allowed them to grow food even when the rivers were not flooding their banks? villages roads dams irrigation canals granaries
irrigation canals
Agriculture allowed for denser population in comparison with hunting and gathering because it totally eradicated the possibility of food shortages it allowed for more yield per acre than food collected in the wild cultivation of crops made food itself healthier agriculture provided a more diverse source of food growing crops provided more protein than hunting
it allowed for more yield per acre than food collected in the wild
What is the role of karma in the caste system? it determined whether you were going to be reincarnated or not it played no role it told you what your caste position had been it the past Correct! it determined what caste you were in this life based on past lives it determined if you were going to be reborn as a Buddhist or a Hindu
it determined what caste you were in this life based on past lives
Which statement best describes Confucianism? it is a code of conduct derived from military ethics it is a religious system centered around Confucius it is a philosophy with a moral and ethical code it is a philosophical system originating from outside China it is a synthesis of Chinese religious beliefs
it is a philosophy with a moral and ethical code
The Maya had two calendars; one was a 365-day solar calendar for agriculture, and one was a 260-day calendar for what purpose? it was a trade calendar it was a religious calendar to determine festival days it was a royal calendar marking how long a king could rule it was a military calendar marking how long until the next war it was an agricultural calendar
it was a religious calendar to determine festival days
Which statement best describes Roman citizenship? it was viewed as an honor it was viewed as a burden it conferred religious distinctions it was given automatically when one moved to Rome it was viewed as irrelevant
it was viewed as an honor
Al-Mas'udi's travel accounts reveal a great deal about what international trade good in particular? silver grain Correct! ivory silk slaves
ivory
The Poverty Point mound builders made beads and decorative items out of what material? quartz jasper jade obsidian gold
jasper
What did Abelard do after Heloise's relatives castrated him? Correct! joined a Benedictine monastery exiled himself to Spain gave up his role in the church and became a merchant went on Crusade committed suicide
joined a Benedictine monastery
What was Hekanakhte's occupation? ka-priest warrior scribe architect royal tutor
ka-priest
Although a medieval fief could be many things, what was it usually? money right to collect a certain tax Correct! land freedom from military duties a concubine
land
The "equal field system" was a Tang attempt to reform what? Correct! land ownership relations between Chinese and foreigners education the legal code family values
land ownership
In terms of agriculture, by the second century B.C.E., the Han experienced an overabundance of unused land land shortages and population pressures massive famines due to typically low yields a decrease in farming as the population decreased a rejection of urbanized society in favor of a return to farming
land shortages and population pressures
What social class dominated the Shang state? scribal class priests landowning aristocracy Buddhist monks bronze casters
landowning aristocracy
Chinese painting that was influenced by Daoism generally featured what? city-scapes self-portraits Correct! landscapes abstract geometric figures portraits of emperors
landscapes
The Hebrew prophets emphasized that it was important for men and women to make constant physical sacrifices to God to keep him happy lead moral lives and obey Yahweh's laws destroy their own temples and start a new faith submit to the will of conquering peoples and worship their gods indulge their personal desires as much as possible
lead moral lives and obey Yahweh's laws
What is usury? Correct! lending money at interest, considered a sin by medieval Christians intolerance of other cultures the act of establishing a benefice a contract binding a serf to his master gifting money to the church
lending money at interest, considered a sin by medieval Christians
How did Rome treat many of the Etruscan and Greek city-states in Italy that she conquered? violently, razing them to the ground leniently, granting them citizenship leniently if they were Greek, oppressively if they were Etruscan oppressively until they were conquered, then she ignored them oppressively, taxing them heavily
leniently, granting them citizenship
The Kushite religion mixed borrowed Egyptian gods with Mesopotamian gods the Persian god the Hebrew god Nok gods local Nubian gods
local Nubian gods
The first known goddess in history is Inanna, whom the Mesopotamians believed was the goddess of destruction war love law the Tigris
love
Andean peoples, such as those of Wari, brewed beer out of what? Correct! maize millet cottons peppers squash
maize
What was the central crop of the Maya? maize sweet potatoes wheat sugar tobacco
maize
Possibly as early as 13,000 years ago, the people of the Sahara were the first to domesticate sheep grow chickpeas use bronze weapons build cities make pottery
make pottery
Chinese government officials are known as censors mandate men Correct! mandarins merchants confucianists
mandarins
What was the main reason for the prosperity of Greek city-states between 800 and 500 B.C.E.? conquest of other states large reserves of tin which they trade surplus population they sold into slavery series of alliances with the Persians as trading partners maritime trade
maritime trade
What was Hera the goddess of? marriage and family love wine the city wisdom
marriage and family
In terms of marriage, Alexander encouraged his soldiers to marry Asian wives avoid it altogether take many wives only marry Greek women only marry Macedonian women
marry Asian wives
Most Micronesian and some Polynesian societies traced lineage matrilineally for the women, patrilineally for the men patrilineally for the women, martrilineally for the men matrilineally for everybody patrilineally for the ruling class, matrilineally for everyone else patrilineally for everybody
matrilineally for everybody
Shankara believed that the truth of existence could only be understood by what method? use of hallucinogenic drugs Correct Answer meditation ritual sacrifice of animals memorization of the Vedas You Answered worship of Shakti
meditation
A fear of declining Roman birth rate led to which of the following becoming law? Italian women had to give birth to at least one child Italian men were not allowed to marry non-Italians women had to marry or be sold into slavery men had to marry or pay higher taxes homosexuality was harshly punished
men had to marry or pay higher taxes
Solon's reforms increased participation in Athenian civic life, but increased the authority of free Athenians over their slaves peasants soldiers men over women merchants
men over women
Of the classes of "commoners" in Zhou society, which was the most numerous and the most bound to the landed aristocracy? peasants slaves Correct! merchants and artisans soldiers the kings
merchants and artisans
In the first century C.E., Malays and other Austronesians were notable for their success as mercenaries Buddhist monks sculptors Correct! merchants and sailors weavers
merchants and sailors
The Japanese archipelago lacks arable land for farming and also fishing areas people mountains seasonal changes metals
metals
As the empire of the Roman Republic expanded through warfare, the Senate increasingly lost power to military leaders peasants tribunes politicians foreign dictators https://quizlet.com/205211880/western-civ-chapters-8-10-flash-cards/
military leaders
What were the Shona people known for? ceramics textiles bronze portraits Correct! mining gold and other metals exporting crops
mining gold and other metals
What are lamas in Tibetan Buddhism? kings warriors Correct! monks explorers goddesses
monks
In comparison with the peoples of Eurasia, the Americans cultivated maize very rarely very few root crops crops much later Correct! more diverse crops only grain crops
more diverse crops
Chinese observers were shocked that 13th-century Khmer women were kept as slaves Correct! more liberated than women in China in charge of the military kept in seclusion polyandrous
more liberated than women in China
Why did agriculture spread in Eurasia along an east/west line? rising sea levels prevented any north / south movement people are genetically coded to travel east / west movement along the east / west latitude did not involve drastic climate changes and thus agricultural movement was easy animals naturally migrate east / west with the seasons the earliest religious beliefs prohibited north / south movement
movement along the east / west latitude did not involve drastic climate changes and thus agricultural movement was easy
Korean kingdoms both fought against and borrowed from Yayoi Japan multiple Chinese dynasties Yamato Japan the Vietnamese the Ainu
multiple Chinese dynasties
Before the beginning of Islam, what kind of society did the Bedouins of Arabia have? urbanized semi-urbanized pastoralists hunter-gatherers subsistence farmers Correct! nomadic pastoralists
nomadic pastoralists
By the second century C.E., half of the members of the Roman Senate were women from Patrician families former slaves from North Africa non-Italians from the provinces of the empire Germans no longer living in Rome but elsewhere in the empire
non-Italians from the provinces of the empire
The written language found in the Oxus cities may be linked to the writing system of what other culture? Harappan Sumerian Jiroft Aryan none
none
Of the three most influential Chinese philosophies (Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism), which did China follow in the Classical Era? only Confucianism none, balanced all three Confucianism balanced with Legalism only Legalism Legalism mixed with Daoism
none, balanced all three
Why do historians believe literacy might have been widespread in Kush? numerous personal wills numerous examples of graffiti a Kushite law requiring universal literacy they invented block printing all houses have written addresses
numerous examples of graffiti
Societies in the ancient Americas tended to be isolated from one another because of the constant warfare between these societies of geographical features, such as mountains and deserts they did not develop sufficiently to expand they had no need to move beyond their initial homeland their populations concentrated in urban areas
of geographical features, such as mountains and deserts
Korea and Japan, despite extensive Chinese influence, avoided assimilation because? China was unable to invade either area their rulers were puppets of the Chinese emperors of their distinct languages and geography of their rejection of Chinese knowledge China was uninterested in conquest
of their distinct languages and geography
In the loosely organized Aborigine tribes of Australia, who had the most overall power in a tribe? the most successful hunter older females the most fertile woman older males young females
older males
According to Chinese tradition, how many schools of philosophy were there during the late Zhou? thousands thirty one hundred an unnumbered amount five
one hundred
During the Song period, China had the world's largest cities, with at least five having populations over what? ten million Correct! one million one billion a hundred million twenty million
one million
Slaves constituted what percentage of Italy's population during the Roman Empire? one eighth one quarter one third one half one tenth
one third
What is the significance of Raziya in Indian history? first Muslim sultan in India Correct! only female Muslim ruler in Indian history first Indian princess to convert to Islam promoted a new Tantric form of Islam ruled over the Cholas
only female Muslim ruler in Indian history
What form of music was most popular with the peasants during the Ming? instrumental pieces Buddhist chant Correct! opera western style symphonies folk songs
opera
How did the Maya travel to other places for trade? overland paths through the rain forests boats traveling along the seashore bridges over the tops of the rain forests canoes down a man-made canal system paths along the coastline, avoiding the rain forests
overland paths through the rain forests
In addition to coin, what other form of money did the Song have? credit shells decorated animal bones Correct! paper money copper ingots
paper money
What disadvantage did the domestication of animals bring? domestication provided a ready supply of meat without hunting domesticated animals turned on their masters providing fertilizer for crops passing of diseases from animals to humans domesticated animals provided transportation
passing of diseases from animals to humans
When news of Shi Huangdi's death was revealed in 207 B.C.E., the response was peasant rebellions universal mourning for a beloved emperor to pass the title to his son and continue the dynasty a return to the Zhou dynasty the creation of two Chinese states, one Legalist, the other Confucian
peasant rebellions
One response to the changes brought by the Black Death was rebellions by what group demanding economic help? knights monks Jews doctors Correct! peasants
peasants
What was sacrificed to celebrate the funerals of the Chimu lords? Correct! people sheep cattle horses llamas
people
Under what title did the Persians rule Egypt? King of Persia pharaoh emperor dictator for life Caesar
pharaoh
What happened after Persian rule ended in Egypt in 404 B.C.E.? pharaonic rule was restored the Athenian Empire took over Egypt Egypt was conquered by the Kushites Egypt fell to the Achaemenid Empire Egypt became a republic
pharaonic rule was restored
Egyptian writing began as an alphabetic language borrowed from the Phoenicians a late development, not appearing until after 2000 B.C.E. a way to record the process of mummification pictograms then evolved into stylized pictures an Indo-European language
pictograms then evolved into stylized pictures
In their emphasis on learning moral lessons from the past, what kind of history did the Han Confucian scholars emphasize? economic history political history social history labor history religious history
political history
What more than doubled in China during the Ming dynasty? land size Correct! population size of imperial household length of the Great Wall national economy
population
What trends made the first Chinese state possible? warfare and technological development advanced irrigation and urban growth population growth and shared culture migration and religious diversity declining population and warfare
population growth and shared culture
The Roman religion is best described as practical, impersonal, and integral to civic life focused on the individual's spiritual journey centered around human sacrifice monotheistic promising a transcendent afterlife
practical, impersonal, and integral to civic life
What was the profession of Enheduanna, who composed the oldest known signed poetry? king and priest warrior scribe priestess and princess merchant
priestess and princess
The medieval belief in the power of the sacrament made whom powerful figures in society? monks knights kings Correct! priests nuns
priests
In the victory of the Qin over all the Zhou states, what was the role of Li Si? first emperor Confucian scholar prime minister and legalist advisor primary Zhou warlord last Zhou king
prime minister and legalist advisor
What is the best definition of Sinicization? process by which China's culture changes with trade process by which Confucianism is mixed with Buddhism process by which the Chinese mix Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism process by which invaders adopt Chinese culture process by which China reclaims lost lands
process by which invaders adopt Chinese culture
What was the role of Zoroaster in the religion that bears his name? god king prophet animistic nature spirit architect of the first temple
prophet
Because most of the Americas lacked large draft animals, they pulled their own wheeled vehicles frequently incorporated plows into their farming developed agriculture quite late were more susceptible to diseases brought later by Europeans developed more labor intensive farming techniques
pulled their own wheeled vehicles
Elite priests lived on top of what large structures in Caral and other Norte Chico urban centers? apartment buildings market shops catacombs pyramids floating islands
pyramids
The Moche capital city was centered around what structures? markets cemeteries pyramids royal roads pottery workshop
pyramids
One important difference between China and Silla-dominated Korea was? boy emperors Correct Answer queens foreign rulers eunuchs You Answered scholars
queens
What kinds of things were written on the Shang "oracle bones?" hymns to the gods questions about the future records of trade transactions poems about nature recipes for bronze alloys
questions about the future
For Plato, what must govern over the emotions? will of the individual reason personal desires will of the collective ambition
reason
Angkor Wat was the largest example of what kind of building complex in the pre-modern world? private entertainment Correct! religious market military academic
religious
What is the primary purpose behind the creation of the Vedas? record business transaction from trade with the Dravidians religious texts, especially hymns to worship the gods to describe the victory of the Dravidians over the Aryans record the names of kings, and their laws promote unification between the Aryan states
religious texts, especially hymns to worship the gods
Which of the following was not true of the reign of Justinian? high taxes to pay for his wars renunciation of Christianity defeat of the Ostrogoths in Italy creating a pattern of despotism in the Byzantine state reconquest of a large amount of territory of land in the west
renunciation of Christianity
Which of the following is not typically present in the Aryan epics, such as the Mahabharata? rewards for violating social norms and duties warfare love between husbands and wives religious philosophy gods and demons
rewards for violating social norms and duties
By 5000 B.C.E. what was the major staple crop of south China south in the Yangzi Basin? millet wheat pears apricots rice
rice
Which of the following was not a legal right allowed to Roman women? right to own property right to determine if their children lived or died right to sue their husbands for abandonment right to escape husband's legal control under some circumstances right to leave the home and travel
right to determine if their children lived or died
Peasants who abandoned their land in Nara Japan became? Correct Answer ronin You Answered samurai Zen Buddhists daimyo kamikaze
ronin
The Jomon people of early Japan are named for their elaborately decorated bronze ax heads invention of radiant floor heating huts built on stilts rope patterned pottery terraced agricultural fields
rope patterned pottery
The Assyrian Empire is remembered for its successful irrigation charity toward its defeated opponents extensive trade network ruthless and brutal conquests liberation of enslaved populations
ruthless and brutal conquests
What usually happened to warriors and their leaders captured in battle by the Maya? ransomed back to their own people allowed to return home after one year of enslavement sacrificed to the Maya gods allowed to buy Mayan land if they renounced their state married to Maya women and incorporated into the Maya society
sacrificed to the Maya gods
Which of the following is NOT true of Theravada Buddhism? it perceives Buddha as a human teacher each believer is wholly responsible for acquiring merit You Answered the only sure way to be saved was to become a monk Correct Answer saints could intercede to help save individual believers it is close to the Buddha's original vision
saints could intercede to help save individual believers
Gold traders from Mali met with traders of what commodity for an exchange? ivory Correct! salt silver slaves millet
salt
Trans-Saharan trade centered around the movement of gold to the north and what to the south? salt silver copper cotton grain
salt
What custom was common for widows, especially in northern India? remarriage opening up their own businesses entering Buddhist monasteries Correct! sati, ritual suicide fleeing their village and changing their names
sati, ritual suicide
What was the most honored occupation in upper-class Egyptian society? architect merchant peasant wife scribe
scribe
What is purdah? intermarriage of Muslims and Hindus Correct! seclusion of women poetry that mixes Hindu and Muslim theology ritual suicide committed by Muslim women sacred dancing
seclusion of women
Japanese borrowing from other cultures was impossible wholesale limited in its influence indiscriminate selective
selective
Approximately every two hundred years, what kind of climatic change occurred in the Mayan regions? a small ice age increased wind storms and rain severe drought very moderate droughts severe rains and flooding
severe drought
The Akkadian Empire was destroyed in part by what climatic change in 2200 B.C.E.? severe drought a new Ice Age a shift in the course of the Tigris freak snowfalls in the valley flooding of the Black Sea
severe drought
Besides food, what else are Muslims supposed to abstain from during daylight hours of Ramadan? working Correct! sex eating traveling sleeping
sex
Who was Lysistrata? she was a philosopher she commanded a trireme in the Greco-Persian war she was the mistress of Pericles she was a fictional character who organized a strike by women she was the goddess of love
she was a fictional character who organized a strike by women
The Song invented the world's first industrial machine for use in the manufacture of what quintessential Chinese product? porcelain Correct! silk steel bridges tea
silk
What unique cloth did the Yangshao produce? linen cotton wool Correct! silk leather
silk
The Sumerian writing system known as cuneiform began with abstract symbols representing sounds simple pictograms of literal objects alphabetic script stylized images of ideas as well as objects a numeric system in which numbers represented ideas
simple pictograms of literal objects
The original Sanskrit term for a class division was varna, which refers to what characteristic? language family skin color gender intelligence political power
skin color
Before she became the wife of the Caliph Mahdi, what was the social class of Khayzuran? noblewoman merchant scholar Correct! slave farmer
slave
What was the Athenian economy dependent upon? slavery the gold standard expansive conquest resident foreigners free enterprise
slavery
Perhaps a third of the Akkadian empire's population were merchants from Oman scribes Eblaites Hebrews slaves
slaves
What social class did most of the gladiators belong to? merchants artisans slaves senators equestrians
slaves
Under the Song, the Chinese were the first people to inoculate against what disease? bubonic plague typhoid syphilis cancer Correct! smallpox
smallpox
Fossil remains of the Neanderthal culture reveal that they had smaller cranial capacities than the Homo sapiens social values such as burying the dead and complicated tools the same DNA as the Cro-Magnons that later replaced them avoided settling in the Palestinian region near Cro-Magnons a non-collectible style culture and avoided settling with other Neanderthals
social values such as burying the dead and complicated tools
Priests of the Roman religion were also slaves women legionaries state officials Greek
state officials
The houses in Jenne-Jenno were made of what common local building material? marble oak paper Correct! straw and mud cement
straw and mud
Borrowing from the ideas of Xunzi, Legalism advocated strict and harsh state control over people an economic system free of government controls liberal laws that did not require much obedience to the state more education for more people weak rulers and more democratic rights for the people
strict and harsh state control over people
For Confucius, the best way to prepare for the future was to experiment with innovative ideas study the past disregard all that has been tried before study nothing and let the future happen by chance study other cultures as much as possible
study the past
What was the basic role of women in Zhou society? equal to men and frequently rulers of estates and villages equal to men, but in separate spheres of influence usually literate and served as maintainers of communal records submissive to men and expected to maintain the home priestesses of important cults and politically important for their advice
submissive to men and expected to maintain the home
The men of the Moche often did what to their faces? covered them with painted masks deliberately scarred them tattooed them wore makeup on them grew long beard to cover them up
tattooed them
During the Tang dynasty, what beverage was introduce into China and became an important part of Chinese culture? coffee wine fermented milk grain alcohol Correct! tea
tea
Confucius' primary occupation was as a teacher warlord public official Buddhist priest merchant
teacher
The largest building in any Sumerian city was the ziggurat, which was used as a palace for the king temple law court market place granary
temple
The city of Pagan, in Burma, was filled with elaborate buildings of what kind? Correct! temples libraries mosques brothels market places
temples
What was the purpose of the Mayan pyramids? tombs temples royal palaces granaries market places
temples
The Moche apparently had a mathematical system based on what number? nine five three ten one
ten
The Nok peoples are best known for what artistic tradition? gold and lapis lazuli jewelry large pyramid like structures highly carved obelisks terra cotta sculpture of human heads elaborately decorated papyrus texts
terra cotta sculpture of human heads
What declaration did Abu Bakr, the Caliph, make about Muhammad, to prevent rival factions from developing? that he was the son of God Correct! that he was the final prophet that he was divine that he would return to lead the true believers to heaven that he was the first true prophet
that he was the final prophet
In ancient Chinese creation beliefs, the universe was created by Pan Ku and everything in it was linked by the dao, which is best translated as the destruction of the old to build the new an endless cycle of creation and destruction an explosive energy that pushes and pulls things apart the "way," a unifying force a negative energy that drives things apart
the "way," a unifying force
Which of the following was NOT in the city of Rome? the Pantheon the Senate the Colosseum the Acropolis the Forum
the Acropolis
The main record of Confucius's thought is called the Book of Manu the Records of the Grand Historian the Analects the Dao the Confucian Bible
the Analects
Ethiopian legends claim King Menelik of Aksum smuggled which religious item out of Jerusalem? the One True Cross the Ark of the Covenant the head of John the Baptist the Holy Grail the Shroud of Turin
the Ark of the Covenant
Where do most historians believe the first agriculture happened? southeast North America the Fertile Crescent of the southwestern Asia Britain and northern Europe the Amazon basin China
the Fertile Crescent of the southwestern
By the sixth century, Aryan power centers had shifted from the Indus to Sri Lanka the Himalayans Gujarat the Ganges the Tamil region
the Ganges
In what region of the Indian subcontinent did the first urban society develop? the Deccan Plateau the Indus river valley Bengal the Ganges river valley the Malabar coast
the Indus river valley
Who failed in two attempts to invade Japan in the thirteenth century? Sung China Yi Korea Abbasids Correct! the Mongols Tang China
the Mongols
What is the name of the recently discovered Central Asian urban society from c. 2200 B.C.E.? the Steppe Peoples the Jiroft the Parthians the Uzbeks the Oxus
the Oxus
By what name do we call the period from 31 B.C.E. to 180 C.E., from Augustus to Marcus Aurelius? the Era of the Good Emperors the Pax Romana the Silver Age of Rome the Golden Age of Rome the Tetrarchy
the Pax Romana
What figure in the Hebrew bible was an Ethiopian queen, who sought knowledge from Solomon? Eve Delilah Sarah Bathsheba the Queen of Sheba
the Queen of Sheba
Beginning about 7000 years ago, peoples began migrating into the Nile valley, some of them because what other large region began to dry up? the Sahara the Levant the Mediterranean coastal plain Crete Mesopotamia
the Sahara
According to the Zhou takeover, the Shang kings had lost their "mandate of heaven" because the Shang kings had become immoral and mocked the gods the Shang kings had allowed women to rule over the state the Shang kings had lost a major battle to the Tibetan people the Shang had attempted to invade the Zhou, a sacred region the Shang had introduced writing, which angered the gods
the Shang kings had become immoral and mocked the gods
In his voyage to negotiate with the Yuezhi, Zhang Qian traveled over what route? down the Yellow River along the Indian Ocean the Silk Road across the Gobi desert around the South China Sea
the Silk Road
The location of Oxus culture suggests that the Silk Road trade route may be older than has been thought it frequently went to war with its rivals it emerged after the collapse of the Assyrian Empire they developed outstanding irrigation technology Harappans migrated to form this culture
the Silk Road trade route may be older than has been thought
Only a handful of the Mayan codices survived because most were destroyed by severe rains and flooding termites fires that destroyed the Mayan cities the Spanish the Aztecs, as they conquered Mesoamerica
the Spanish
One unique feature of Harappa was the large city walls a large pyramid shaped temple the use of granaries the presence of shops along the main streets the advanced water and sanitation systems
the advanced water and sanitation systems
What is the main source for the early history of the Hebrews? Egyptian histories the books of the Hebrew Bible contemporary archaeology Greek mythology unwritten Hebrew legends
the books of the Hebrew Bible
The Babylonian Captivity refers to the sack of Babylon by the Judeans warfare between the Assyrians and the Persians the captivity of the Hebrews by the Chaldeans the captivity of the Babylonians by the Hebrews the capture of Babylon by the Egyptians
the captivity of the Hebrews by the Chaldeans
Men and women of India tended to view which deities as the most responsive to their needs? male deities those deities who were had divine spouses those deities associated with nature the more abstract deities Correct! the companions of male deities
the companions of male deities
One of the most common methods of differentiating between early hominid stages of human evolution is through examining what? height of the fossil remains size of pelvic bones geographic location of the fossil remains written records left by the early hominid stages the complexity of the tools used by the individual stages
the complexity of the tools used by the individual stages
Although the Egyptians had some technical skills at mathematics and physics, they lacked a 365 solar calendar ability to build ships the concept of the zero understanding of the compass concept of addition of numbers
the concept of the zero
What was the greatest Gupta mathematical discovery? pi circumference of the earth calculation of the 365 day year Correct! the concept of zero and the decimal system a theory of gravity
the concept of zero and the decimal system
Which of the following was NOT a motivation for the Crusades? the desire to destroy Islam religious zeal Correct! the desire to destroy Jerusalem greed for land and wealth the desire to remove the Seljuk Turks
the desire to destroy Jerusalem
One legacy of the Sumerian mathematical system can be found in our mathematical system based on the number 60 a base ten mathematical system the division of hours into 60 minutes the number of planets recognized as belonging to the solar system the first calculus
the division of hours into 60 minutes
The manorial system developed out of maritime trade Correct! the earlier system of Roman estates the conflict between popes and kings Viking raids monastic landholding
the earlier system of Roman estates
Which of the following was NOT an aspect of the Hindu Renaissance? translation of the Vedas into regional languages philosophical debate the beginning of the bhakti movement Correct! the elimination of caste the construction of flamboyant temples
the elimination of caste
On the Silk Road, what did the Jade Gate mark? the beginning of the caravan route the beginning of the European part of the route the point at which camels were traded for horses the end of the Silk Road at Chang'an the end of Chinese society
the end of Chinese society
According to Confucianism, the model for the Chinese state should be Korea the family the world of the gods the army the classroom
the family
Which phrase best describes Minoan Crete? constantly at war with its neighbors isolated and walled off from outside influences dependent on agriculture for its survival the first great Mediterranean sea power religiously and culturally stagnant
the first great Mediterranean sea power
Who was Minamoto-no-Yoritomo? Correct! the first shogun a well-known poet the first Kamakura emperor founder of the samurai a Buddhist monk
the first shogun
Which of the following is the best definition of the Zhou term "tian"? the spirit of the Yangzi river the feminine principle of the earth a warrior god that was an ancestor of the Zhou family the first human the force that governs the universe
the force that governs the universe
Clovis culture is named after the type of bison hunted by these peoples the location where their spear points were first discovered the river on which their homeland was located the deity worshipped by their culture a Merovingian king
the location where their spear points were first discovered
Who first described the Romans as wanting only "bread and circuses"? the historian Tacitus Tiberius Gracchus Julius Caesar Emperor Augustus the poet Juvenal
the poet Juvenal
The major characteristic institution of ancient Greek life was the satrapy the agora the family the polis the military
the polis
In 1059 the College of Cardinals was created to elect whom? Correct! the pope the Holy Roman Emperor the King of England the head of the Inquisition the bishop of Notre Dame
the pope
The largest population within Sparta itself consisted of? Persian merchants in Sparta Athenians exiled Spartans Spartan soldiers the slaves of the Spartans
the slaves of the Spartans
At the center of the Aztec religion was the god of what, who needed to be appeased with blood from human sacrifices? rain Correct! the sun the moon poetry maize
the sun
In the center of Tiwanaku was a statue dedicated to the god of what? rain the sun the seas potatoes the moon
the sun
Inca kings were believed to be divine offspring of what? the moon the Andes maize Correct! the sun the wind
the sun
The technological breakthrough the Hittites are noted for is? the invention of the wheel the discovery of paper the discovery of bronze the use of iron weapons the creation of the first library
the use of iron weapons
Which of the following is true about the way the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flooded? they flooded rarely they flooded on regular ten-year cycles they flooded annually and to predictable levels they flooded so often the land was uninhabitable they flooded annually but unpredictably
they flooded annually but unpredictably
In the Etruscan world, which of the following statements about women is true? they had considerable economic and social freedom they were not allowed to own property they were more powerful than the men they were essentially enslaved in the house they were treated like barter to be traded
they had considerable economic and social freedom
Of the 1700 substates within the early Zhou kingdom, what happened to most of them by 400 B.C.E.? they fractured into even more smaller states they drifted away to join other kingdoms they reformed the Shang kingdom and over through the Zhou Correct! they were subsumed by larger substates and consolidated they continued as they were
they were subsumed by larger substates and consolidated
How did early urban societies keep records or accounts of themselves? only through written records understood by the elite through written records, memory experts, and oral tradition exclusively through professional rememberers early urban societies were not literate
through written records, memory experts, and oral tradition
Why did the ancient Greeks sacrifice to their gods? to guarantee Greek supremacy over other cultures to guarantee harmony between the gods and mankind so that the gods would not intervene in human affairs they believed the gods would destroy all mankind without sacrifices as a sign of the covenant between the gods and the Greeks
to guarantee harmony between the gods and mankind
What was the goal of the First Crusade announced by Pope Urban II? to wipe out all Muslim states to convert all Muslim peoples to Christianity to protect the Holy Land from the Mongols to conquer the Byzantine Empire Correct! to reclaim the Holy Land and protect Jerusalem
to reclaim the Holy Land and protect Jerusalem
What was Ashoka's attitude towards religions other than his own? intolerance but no active persecutions active persecution Correct! tolerance and support he wanted them merged into one state religion he pretended they did not exist
tolerance and support
What did Kush use its pyramid shaped buildings for? temples law courts royal palaces marketplaces tombs
tombs
Chinese dialects are tonal, in that stress and tone gives meaning to sounds few in number so similar to one another that they are interchangeable similar to Indo-European languages difficult to write down and remain largely an oral culture
tonal, in that stress and tone gives meaning to sounds
What crime was Jesus accused of and executed for? theft immorality treason murder slander
treason
Most pastoral nomads were organized into religious communes led by shamen tribes, extended kin groups tracing descent from a common ancestor anarchic bands of roving warriors matriarchal family units kingdoms led by warrior kings
tribes, extended kin groups tracing descent from a common ancestor
Unlike democratic Athens, Sparta was ruled partly by a slave assembly a full time dictator two kings an exclusive oligarchy based on lineage women
two kings
In Athenian history what kind of ruler was Peisistratus? hereditary king tyrant democratically elected leader foreign invader a woman pretending to be a man
tyrant
The Muslim community of believers is known as the hadith haj caliphate Correct! umma jihad
umma
Because writing required schooling and memorization of hundreds of symbol, most scribes came from what social class? upper class slaves farmers merchants foreigners brought in from neighboring cities
upper class
The earliest crops grown varied depending on location were cultivated within walled cities always included wheat were never stored always included rice, universally the staple crop
varied depending on location
Marius pressured the Senate to grant land to what group of the Roman populace? veterans widows exiled Carthaginians new citizens fellow senators
veterans
Moctezuma I declared that the primary preoccupation of the Aztecs was what? farming trade Correct! war art politics
war
What did the Carthaginian general Hannibal bring with him during his invasion of Roman territory? camels Egyptian mercenaries ballistas war elephants massive siege engines
war elephants
The Royal Standard of Ur depicts images of what? agricultural production warfare and conquest religious ceremonies a Sumerian ruling family the brewing of beer
warfare and conquest
In some pastoral societies, what role was sometimes allowed to women that they did not usually find in settled, agricultural societies? weavers farmers warriors gatherers priestesses
warriors
One of Solon's reforms was to make what the criteria for membership on the Athenian council? wealth birth education military success amount of land owned
wealth
Neolithic peoples of Southeast Asia may have been the first to cultivate all of the following crops except rice bananas wheat taro yams
wheat
In general, Indian women gained more freedom when they did what? when they got older when they became widows Correct! when they gave birth to children, especially sons when they owned land when they owned their own businesses
when they gave birth to children, especially sons when they owned land
Which of the following was NOT a major export item from Ptolemaic Egypt? papyrus wheat wine textiles pottery
wine
In the typical Mesopotamian climate, in which season did most rain fall? summer winter spring and summer spring it never rained
winter
60 to 80 percent of the food consumed by the !Kang peoples is obtained by women through hunting of large game animals women through gathering plants and collecting small animals men through gathering of plants and collecting small animals men through hunting of large game animals men and women together hunting large game animals
women through gathering plants and collecting small animals
What technological innovation did the Tang create in the ninth century, to spread Buddhist thought? a written language paper money Correct! woodblock printing gunpowder paper
woodblock printing
Which of the following is not an example of a durable trade good indicating extensive trade networks in early North America? worked iron red ochre You Answered seashells copper valuable stones, such as jasper and obsidian
worked iron
Kana allowed the Japanese to do what with their written language? write it in block printing export it to Korea, who adopted this form as well Correct! write it phonetically abandon it in favor of oral memories write it with Chinese characters
write it phonetically
The practice of acupuncture centered on the belief that good health resulted from a balance of what in the body? intellect and mind Daoist and Confucian beliefs ambition and physical strength yin and yang principles masculine and active principles
yin and yang principles
Who is credited with founding the state of Sukhothai? Zhou Daguan King Uzana Le Loi You Answered Jayavarman Correct Answer Rama Kamkheng
Rama Kamkheng
What is Noh? the Japanese tea ceremony Correct! a form of drama using masks and stylized gestures the warrior code of the samurai the Japanese phonetic script a Japanese Buddhist sect
a form of drama using masks and stylized gestures
What is the kotow? Correct! a gesture of ritual humiliation a genre of Chinese poetry a style of Chinese music a type of Japanese sword a Chinese philosophical system
a gesture of ritual humiliation
In addition to maize, the Maya intensively cultivated wheat soybeans squash cacao the potato
cacao
The Mayans believed their gods had fashioned people out of what? mud corn flesh rain frogs
corn
Which of the following was NOT a Mongol military tactic or advantage? superb horsemanship the recurved bow disc-shaped stirrups Correct! gunpowder advanced siege weaponry
gunpowder
The Japanese attributed victories over the Mongols in part to? Mongol incompetence You Answered Japanese technological superiority Correct Answer kamikaze, the "divine winds" the Ashikaga shoguns the catapult
kamikaze, the "divine winds"
Vikings were able to raid extensively, because their longboats could travel only on the open ocean only on rivers only along the coasts Correct! on both oceans and rivers only if rowed
on both oceans and rivers
Which of the following items would you likely NOT have found at a market in Aksum? ivory iron silk copper olive oil
silk
Which of the following was NOT a medical advance made by Muslim physicians? colostomies You Answered removing kidney stones false teeth Correct Answer skin grafts anesthetics
skin grafts
