History-/10/20

Although Social Security helped many people, at first it left out many of the neediest Americans, including about 65 percent of all

African American workers.

By establishing safeguards and relief programs that protected them against economic disaster, the New Deal created

By establishing safeguards and relief programs that protected them against economic disaster, the New Deal created

Attracted to the ideas of Frances Townsend, the youth mobilized as a political force for the first time in American history. T or F

F

Critics of the New Deal on the left felt that President Roosevelt had imposed too few regulations on business. T or F

F

President Roosevelt increased spending just as the first Social Security payroll taxes removed $2 billion from the economy, and almost immediately the economy plunged into the Recession of 1937 T or F

F

The Monopoly Act separated commercial banking from investment banking, and created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to provide government insurance for bank deposits. T or F

F

The Supreme Court strongly supported President Roosevelt's New Deal. T or F

F

The Tennessee Valley Authority provided special benefits specific to the North T or F

F

This is preeminently the time to speak the truth, frankly and boldly. Nor need we shrink from honestly facing conditions in our country today. This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself. . . ." —Franklin Delano Roosevelt, first inaugural address, March 4, 1933 In the excerpt above, what does President Roosevelt assert it is time for the people and the nation to do?

Face the current situation without cowering.

Which of the following New Deal laws abolished (did away with) child labor?

Fair Labor Standards Act

Which of the following reforms brought Native Americans into the New Deal coalition by restoring reservation lands, giving Native Americans control over those lands, and permitting them to elect their own governments?

Indian Reorganization Act of 1934

African Americans, farmers, workers, immigrants, women, progressives, and intellectuals were all part of the New Deal coalition. T or F

T

After his inauguration, President Roosevelt's first challenge was to restore the American people's confidence in the banking system. T or F

T

Between March 9 and June 16, 1933—which came to be called the Hundred Days and Congress passed 15 major acts to resolve the economic crisis. T or F

T

By the day of Franklin D. Roosevelt's inauguration in 1933, most of the nation's banks were closed and one in four workers was unemployed. T or F

T

In 1939, Republicans and conservative Southern Democrats in Congress began blocking further New Deal legislation, bringing the New Deal era to an end. T or F

T

In order to hear different viewpoints on issues, President Roosevelt chose advisers who disagreed with each other. T or F

T

In taking on a mediating role among competing interests, the New Deal established what some have called the "broker state." T ro F

T

In the debate over the recession of 1937, members of the Roosevelt administration cited an economic theory called Keynesianism, which held that government should spend heavily in a recession to jump-start the economy T or F

T

President Roosevelt and New Deal supporters in Congress believed that unions could help end the Depression by helping to get higher wages for workers, which would boost the economy by giving workers more money to spend. T or F

T

The Federal Emergency Relief Act provided states and local governments funds for the unemployed T or F

T

The Public Works Administration required that its contractors not discriminate against African Americans. T or F

T

The Supreme Court declared the National Recovery Administration unconstitutional (against the law). T or F

T

The United Auto Workers staged sit down strikes against General Motors, in which they stopped working but refused to leave the factory T or F

T

The Works Progress Administration included a program that offered work to artists, musicians, theater people, and writers. T or F

T

The Works Progress Administration, the New Deal's largest public works program,employed 8.5 million workers and built about 650,000 miles of roadways, 125,000 public buildings, 853 airports, more than 124,000 bridges, and more than 8,000 parks. T or F

T

The main purpose of the TVA was to build dams to control floods and provide electricity to thousands of Americans by building power plants. T or F

T

For President Roosevelt, the payroll taxes imposed on workers and employers to pay for Social Security benefits, were

a crucial element of the program.

President Roosevelt and his advisers saw the Social Security Act mainly as

an insurance measure

During the 1932 presidential campaign, Franklin D. Roosevelt's confidence that he could make things better contrasted sharply with President Herbert Hoover's

apparent failure to do anything effective about the Depression.

If it passed, the "courtpacking" bill would have allowed President Roosevelt to

appoint up to six new justices.

The Wagner Act set up a process whereby union members could take complaints about an employer to a neutral party who would listen to both sides and decide on the issue, called

binding arbitration.

To pay for New Deal programs, President Roosevelt trashed a balanced budget and began using

deficit spending.

The Home Owners' Loan Corporation

extended the time to repay the mortgage and lowered interest rates for the unemployed.

One goal of California physician Francis Townsend's plan to pay pensions to citizens over age 60 was to

free up jobs for the unemployed.

When President Roosevelt proposed the court-packing plan, Southern Democrats feared new justices would overturn segregation, while African American leaders worried that

future justices might oppose civil rights.

One legacy of the New Deal is a continuing debate over how much the government should

get involved in the economy or support the disadvantaged

President Roosevelt won a landslide reelection victory in 1936, in part because millions of Americans

owed their jobs and the safety of their bank accounts to the New Deal.

The Agricultural Adjustment Administration tried to help farmers by

paying farmers to produce less food.

Before Franklin D. Roosevelt became president, many state governors declared "bank holidays" in order to

prevent bank runs.

The Farm Security Administration gave loans to tenant farmers so that they could

purchase their own farms.

Bank runs increased before Franklin D. Roosevelt's inauguration in part because people feared the FDR's policies would

reduce the value of the dollar

Congress authorized the Farm Credit Administration to help farmers

refinance their mortgages.

Two years into President Roosevelt's first term, New Deal programs had created more than two million jobs, but more than 10 million American workers

remained unemployed.

The Civilian Conservation Corps offered unemployed young men between 18 and 25 years of age the opportunity to work outdoors under the direction of

the forestry service.