History 137 Chapter 17

How did economic development in Brazil during and after the American Civil War affect the lives of southern cotton farmers?

The expansion of Brazilian cotton cultivation lowered global prices for the crop and led to indebtedness and loss of land for southern farmers.

The ascendancy of the American Federation of Labor during the 1890s reflected:

a shift from broad reform goals to more limited goals.

The Women's Christian Temperance Union was a small but effective organization that won the vote for women in many of the Midwestern states.

False

William McKinley championed a government that would help ordinary Americans.

False

Which institution was hardest hit by the Redeemers once they assumed power in the South?

Public Schools

An all-encompassing system of white domination in the South was achieved through:

businesses serving whites before blacks.

By the end of the nineteenth century, African-American men in the South:

were forced out of politics and passed leadership to female African-American activists.

Americans have referred to the 1890s as the women's era because:

women's economic opportunities and roles in public life expanded.

Journalists who worked for newspapers like William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal, which sensationalized events to sell papers, were called:

yellow journalists

Farmers believed that their plight derived from all of the following EXCEPT:

the free and unlimited coinage of silver.

With the Redeemers in power in the South:

A and B

Which of the following was NOT an argument of anti-imperialists against American expansionism?

America did not have the manpower necessary to staff new foreign embassies.

Why did Americans celebrate the Spanish-American War?

Americans experienced the war as an occasion for national reconciliation between North and South.

How did the Civil War come to be remembered by the 1890s as the white North and South moved toward reconciliation?

As a tragic family quarrel among white Americans, in which blacks played no significant part.

Why did the Populist movement energize thousands of American women?

B and C

On what grounds did Justice David J. Brewer dissent from the majority opinion in the case of Fong Yue Ting (1893) that authorized the federal government to expel Chinese aliens without due process of law?

Brewer worried that a similar rationale could be used in the future to subvert the rights to due process of other people.

Which of the following was the reason for U.S. control over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines?

Control of strategic gateways from which to project American naval and commercial power.

What did the term "white man's burden" mean?

Domination of non-whites by white people was necessary for the progress of civilization.

Which of the following does NOT describe an effect of U.S. Chinese exclusion policies of the late nineteenth century?

Eastern cities experienced a dramatic increase in Chinese immigration.

American interest in its new possessions had to do with wanting wealth from natural resources and large-scale American settlement.

False

Booker T. Washington urged blacks to try to combat segregation and become active in political affairs.

False

Education flourished in the South, with approximately one black high school for each county by 1900.

False

Filipino resistance leader Emilio Aguinaldo established a nationalist provisional government tied to principles rooted in communism.

False

In 1880, the United States was a first-rate power.

False

In 1898, the American system of government had no provision for permanent colonies.

False

The American Federation of Labor was very much like the Knights of Labor.

False

Which was NOT part of the Populist platform?

Higher tariffs.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the significance of the 1892 strike in Homestead, Pennsylvania?

It demonstrated the enormous power of large corporations and reflected the belief of many working Americans that they were being denied economic independence and self-governance.

Which statement about the People's Party is FALSE?

It emerged as an urban, middle-class vehicle for social, economic, and political reform.

What explains the appeal of the Lost Cause mythology for Southern whites in the late nineteenth century?

It helped southern whites cope with defeat but preserve white supremacy.

Which statement about the disenfranchisement of blacks in the South is FALSE?

The Supreme Court upheld the grandfather clause.

Had the Teller Amendment been applied to the Philippines and Cuba, how would it have changed the Spanish-American war?

The United States would have been barred from annexing the archipelago.

Critics later interpreted the 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz as a commentary on the 1896 presidential election in which of the following ways?

The Wicked Witch of the East symbolizes oppressive eastern industrialists.

How did American racial attitudes shape South African politics?

The sense of shared purpose between the United States and the Union of South Africa led to a close military alliance aimed at the subjugation of sub-Saharan Africa.

Which statement about the Spanish-American War is true?

The war lasted only four months and resulted in less than 400 U.S. battle casualties.

How did Populists hope to guarantee farmers inexpensive access to markets for their crops?

They called for public ownership of the railroads.

How did black women challenge the racial ideology of the Jim Crow South?

They insisted on the equal respectability of black women by working for "racial uplift."

How were federal troops used in the Pullman Strike of 1894?

To help suppress the strikers on behalf of the owners.

After the 1896 election, voter participation began a steady downhill trend that continues to this day.

True

After the Spanish-American War, the United States fought a much longer and deadlier war against the Filipinos in order to subdue the island for annexation.

True

Brooks Adams's book The New Empire (1902) predicted that because of its economic power, the United States would soon "outweigh any single empire, if not all empires combined."

True

Chinese demands for equal rights forced the Supreme Court to define the reach of the Fourteenth Amendment.

True

In 1893, American sugar growers orchestrated the overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani, paving the way for the U.S. annexation of Hawaii in 1898.

True

In 1896, in the landmark decision of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Court gave its approval of state laws requiring separate facilities for blacks and whites.

True

The Populists made remarkable efforts to unite black and white small farmers on a common political and economic program.

True

The depression that began in 1893 heightened the belief that a more aggressive foreign policy was necessary to stimulate American exports.

True

The notion of the "white man's burden" inspired a sense of fraternity among Anglo-Saxon nations.

True

Through a network of women's clubs, temperance associations, and social reform organizations, women exerted a growing influence on public affairs.

True

Which statement about the 1896 election is FALSE?

William Jennings Bryan lost because he supported the gold standard.

The American Federation of Labor's founder Samuel Gompers used the idea of "freedom of contract" to:

argue against interference by judges with workers' right to organize unions.

Republican presidential candidate William McKinley:

argued in favor of the gold standard.

In the 1890s, the National American Woman Suffrage Association:

argued that native-born white women's votes would counteract the "ignorant foreign vote."

"New immigrants":

arrived in large numbers from the Russian and the Austro-Hungarian empires.

The Platt Amendment:

authorized the United States to intervene militarily in Cuba.

Supporters of the Anti-Imperialist League:

believed that American energies should be directed at home, not abroad.

Native-born middle-class women under the leadership of Carrie Chapman-Catt argued that they deserved the right to vote on account of their:

birth in United States

William Jennings Bryan:

called for the unrestricted minting of silver.

In his Atlanta speech of 1895, Booker T. Washington:

encouraged blacks to adjust to segregation.

During the "Age of Empire," American racial attitudes:

had a global impact.

In the Insular Cases, the Supreme Court:

held that the Constitution did not fully apply to the territories acquired by the United States during the Spanish-American War.

The severe depression of 1893:

led to increased conflict between capital and labor.

President William McKinley justified U.S. annexation of the Philippines on all of the following grounds EXCEPT the United States:

needed to ensure that the Philippines became an independent democracy.

The New South as promoted by Henry Grady:

promised prosperity based on industrial expansion.

The Farmers' Alliance hoped to improve American farmers' economic stress by:

proposing the creation of government-sponsored crop warehouses.

Plessy v. Ferguson:

sanctioned racial segregation.

In contrast to the expansion of the 1890s, U.S. interests in Alaska originated in a desire for:

territory

The Supreme Court decision United States v. Wong Kim Ark ruled that:

the Fourteenth Amendment gave Asians born in the United States citizenship.

The "Kansas Exodus" meant all of the following EXCEPT:

the eventual return of most black migrants to the South.

By 1900, in both the North and South:

the role of black soldiers in ensuring Union victory in the Civil War was all but forgotten.

The Immigration Restriction League:

wanted to bar immigrants who were illiterate.

The Philippine War:

was far longer and bloodier than the Spanish-American War.

American expansionism after the 1890s:

was largely driven by the desire for expanded overseas trade.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882:

was the first time race was used to exclude an entire group of people from entering the United States.