History 160 Chapter 15

What was the purpose of the second Confiscation Act, passed by Congress on July 17, 1862

The act freed the slaves of rebel masters.

What happened in the loyal border states of Missouri and Kentucky?

A violent pro-southern minority remained sympathetic to the southern cause.

The bloodiest day of the Civil War occurred September 17, 1862, at

Antietam Creek, Maryland.

Who went on to found the Red Cross after serving as a nurse in Union battlefield units during the war?

Clara Barton

What did Southern clergymen think about the Civil War?

Clergymen believed God had blessed slavery and the new nation.

What event marked the official beginning of armed hostilities between the North and South?

Confederates firing on Fort Sumter

How many of the fifteen slave states joined the Confederacy?

Eleven

Why did King Cotton diplomacy fail?

European nations turned to Egypt and India for cotton.

Initially the Confederacy sought King Cotton diplomacy, a strategy based on the belief that

European nations' need for cotton would lead them to support the Confederacy.

Which general won the battle of Gettysburg?

George G. Meade

What irony emerges when considering the wartime leadership of Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis?

The inexperienced Lincoln proved to be a more adept leader than the seasoned Davi

Why did President Lincoln choose not to make the Civil War a struggle over slavery?

He doubted his power to tamper with the "domestic institutions" of any state.

What was General William T. Sherman's strategy for defeating the Confederates in Georgia in 1864?

He orchestrated a scorched-earth military campaign aimed at destroying the will of the southern people.

What happened to the northern working class as a result of the North's increased industrial production

Inflation caused most workers' standard of living to fall.

What was the capital city of the Confederacy in 1863?

Richmond, Virginia

Why did Southerners believe they had a real chance of winning the Civil War?

Southern men believed they were physically tougher than northern men.

Why did some states in the Upper South opt for secession from the Union?

They couldn't see themselves fighting fellow Southerners.

How did slaves use the chaos and turmoil of the Civil War to whittle away at their bondage?

They forced concessions from their masters and mistresses.

What did Lincoln consider the biggest obstacle to the acceptance of emancipation in the Union

White fears that freed slaves would disrupt Northern society

Women served which of the following roles during the Civil War?

Women worked as government secretaries.

.In March 1862, Congress tilted toward emancipating slaves when it

forbade the practice of returning fugitive slaves to their masters.

After his victory at Chattanooga, Tennessee, in 1864, General Ulysses S. Grant

launched a massive military campaign that would take his troops on a sweep through Virginia down to Louisiana.

Most Northerners viewed secession as

n attack on the best government on earth.

Aside from leading to the legal destruction of slavery, the Civil War itself helped destroy slavery in practice because

the discipline necessary to keep slavery intact was disrupted.

How did Northerners view the war once it began?

The Civil War was a struggle to preserve the Union.

Why did the South experience greater inflation than the North during the Civil War?

The Confederacy printed more money.

What was the significance of the conflict between the Virginia and the Monitor?

The conflict marked the birth of the ironclad warship.

What prompted an Irish-led riot that took the lives of at least 105 people in New York City in the summer of 1863?

The newly enacted draft law

What was the result of strikes by workers in northern industries during the war?

The strikes rarely succeeded.

Why did some Indian tribes side with the Confederates during the Civil War?

The tribes hoped the Confederacy would grant them more independence.