History 2610 Chapter 2
Maryland Act Concerning Religion (1644)
-Maryland was established in 1632 to Cecilius Calvert (Lord Baltimore) -Cecilius C. was a Catholic, hoped to demonstrate that protestants and Catholics could live in Harmony. Made a Catholic Refugee. -Protestants made up the majority of the settlers -1640, Maryland became total anarchy. -1649- To help re-establish order, Maryland adopted an Act concerning religion, which punished those who molested people in believing in Christ. Maryland was the land of religious freedom. It opened its colony to all those who believed in Jesus Christ. Divided by religion (Catholic/ Protestant. Catholics= Landowners Servants= Protestants Cash Crop: Tobacco
John Winthrop Speech to Massachusetts General Court (1645)
1629- Group of Puritans receives charter/contract from King Charles I to form colony at Massachusetts Bay. -John Winthrop: Wealthy English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. -City Upon a hill- His writings about his vision of the colony as a Puritan, which had a great influence on the governments and religions on neighboring colonies. Natural Liberty- Freedom of choice to behave how she or he pleases.
The Trial of Anne Hutchinson (1637)
Anne Hutchinson: Challenges Puritan theories. She believed an individual can interpret Gods words. -Held meetings at her house. -Charged with sedition. -Was later banned from Massachusetts Bay colony because her views led to her excommunication from the Puritan church.
The Levellers, The agreement of the people Presented to the Council of Army (1647)
Hoped to institute the Merit System through their Agreement of the people.
Roger Williams, Letter to the Town Providence. (1655)
Roger Williams- Son of a London merchant who studied at Cambridge University, emigrated to New England in 1631. -Considered one of the founders of the principle of religious toleration. -He was banished from Massachusetts Bay bc of preaching that colonists must not occupy Indian land without first purchasing it. -Started the first Baptist Church in America. -His views were more Lutheran.