history test 1

mayflower compact

A covenant the Pilgrims entered into to provide order, security, and a claim to legitimacy when they arrived in present day massachusetts.

anne hutchinson

A dissenting Protestant woman who preached criticism of the colony's leaders to the distress of the governor, John Winthrop.

roger williams

A dissenting Puritan minister whose disagreements with New England's regulation of religious life and policies towards Indians led to his expulsion from the colony.

thomas hooker

A prominent minister in the Massachusetts Bay Colony who disagreed with other leaders in the colony over the exclusion from Church of men and women who lived godly lives but who had not experienced conversion

halfway covenant

A puritan compromise that allowed the unconverted children of the "visible saints" to baptize their own children even though they were not full members of the church themselves.

Puritans could do nothing to alter God's ruling on their fate

According to the Puritan doctrine of predestination, how could one achieve salvation after death?

king philips war

After decades of encroachment of Indian lands, Metacomet led Wampanoag Indians in attacks on colonial settlements that led to this conflict in western Massachusetts in 1675.

arminianism

Belief, heretical to Puritans, that good works could help an individual gain salvation.

calvinism

Christian doctrine of a sixteenth-century Swiss Protestant theologian; its chief tenet was predestination.

diverse

Compared to the colonies to the north and south, the population of New Netherland was

predestination

Doctrine stating that God determined whether individuals were destined for salvation or damnation before their birth.

under control of the Dutch

During most of the seventeenth century, New Netherland was

john winthrop

Elected governor by the stockholders of the Massachusetts Bay Company, this individual led a large number of Puritan emigrants to Massachusetts in 1630.

puritan revolution

English civil war that arose out of disputes between King Charles I and Parliament.

quakers

Epithet for members of the Society of Friends.

william bradford

First governor of the Plymouth colony elected by the Pilgrims.

edmund andros

Following the revocation of the Massachusetts charter and the creation of the Dominion of New England in 1684, the English appointed this individual to govern the dominion.

separatists

Heretical people who sought withdrawal from the Church of England.

Hutchinson preached that many of the colony's leaders affirmed the covenant of works.

How did Anne Hutchinson stir religious controversy in early Massachusetts?

He made himself the head of the Church of England

How did King Henry VIII respond to the Protestant Reformation?

As dangerous to the Puritan faith and social order

How did Puritans view Quakers?

He challenged the religious leadership of Massachusetts powerful men

How did Roger Williams gain notoriety in new England?

placed all colonies north of Maryland under more direct control by England

In 1686, England created the Dominion of New England, a new government consolidation that

Rise up against royal authority in northern colonies

In 1688, the Glorious Revolution in England influenced American colonists to

wampanoag indians

Indian in the Massachusetts Bay area who rescued the Pilgrims from starvation by teaching them how to cultivate corn.

antinomians

Individuals who believed that Christians could be saved by faith alone and did not need to act in accordance with God's law set forth in the Bible.

Catholicism

James II was a zealous supporter of which religion?

An enduring hatred of Indians

King Philip's War (1676) left New England settlers with

dominian of new england

Name given Massachusetts and other colonies north of Maryland after English court revoked the Massachusetts charter in 1684.

Protestant Reformation of the early 16th century

New England Puritanism owed its religious roots to the

william penn

Prominent Quaker from and eminent English family who received a land grant from Charles II in 1681.

english reformation

Reform effort initiated by King Henry VIII that included banning the Catholic Church and declaring the English monarch head of the new Church of England.

Yield revenues for the crown and English merchants

The Navigation Acts of the 1650s and 1660s were designed to regulate colonial trade in order to

the Church of England was corrupt beyond redemption

The Puritans, who described themselves as Separatists, believed that

New Jersey and Pennsylvania

The creation of New York led indirectly to the founding of

Instructed agents to respect the land claims of nearby tribes

The official Indian policy in seventeenth-century Pennsylvania

a great number of complete families

Unlike most other immigrants in America's history, the migration to Puritan New england included

God spoke to each individual thought and "inner light."

What did members of the Society of Friends, or Quakers, believe?

A personal relationship with God

What did the English Puritans emphasize instead of the Church rituals?

New Netherland became New York

What major change occurred in New Netherland in 1664?

declining church membership

What problem did the Halfway Covenant address?

To establish a genuinely Quaker colony in the Americas

What was William Penn's goal for his new colony?

fish

What was seventeenth-century New England's biggest export?

The cold weather minimized the spread of life-threatening illnesses

Which factor allowed New England's populating continue to grow steadily during the seventeenth century?

Puritans wanted to rid the Church of England of many features of Catholicism

Which statement characterizes 16th century English Puritanism?

John Winthrop

Who argued that the Puritans should be "a city upon a hill" that would inspire the rest of the world?

thomas hooker

Who left Massachusetts for Connecticut in 1636 after clashing with church leaders over the requirements for church membership?

New Englanders has been steadily encroaching on land the Indians needed to survive

Why did Wampanoag Indians attack New England settlements in 1675?

The diversity of the population prevented them from imposing a uniform religion

Why did the English continue the Dutch policy of religious toleration in New York?

It allowed the government of the company to be located in the colony

Why was the charter of the massachusetts bay company unique?