History Test 1 Review
35. In 1929, the base price of a Ford Model T was ________. A. $290 B. $470 C. $630 D. $950 E. $1120
A. $290
12. The Comstock Lode primarily produced A. copper. B. silver. C. gold. D. lead. E. zinc
B. silver.
52. During the late nineteenth century, child labor in the United States A. increased significantly. B. was unregulated by laws in most states. C. saw more children working in factories than in agriculture. D. both increased significantly and saw more children working in factories than in agriculture. E. None of these answers is correct.
A. increased significantly.
44. In the late nineteenth century, the first and most important promoter of Social Darwinism was A. Henry George. B. Horatio Alger. C. Russell Conwell. D. Jacob Riis. E. Herbert Spencer.
E. Herbert Spencer
30. The first significant oil production in the United States occurred in A. Ohio. B. Texas. C. California. D. Michigan. E. Pennsylvania.
E. Pennsylvania.
4. In the 1840s and 1850s in the Far West, the response by white Americans to the Chinese A. moved from initial hostility to gradual acceptance. B. was one of consistent acceptance. C. was one of consistent hostility. D. moved from initial acceptance to gradual hostility. E. depended mainly on whether the white American was pro-slavery or anti-slavery.
A. moved from initial hostility to gradual acceptance.
6. In the Far West in the 1870s, the largest single Chinese community was located in A. Seattle. B. Sacramento. C. San Diego. D. Los Angeles. E. San Francisco
E. San Francisco.
3. During the 1840s, Hispanics living in California A. often lost ownership of their lands. B. saw an expansion in the power of californios. C. attempted to revive the Spanish mission society. D. joined with white Americans to drive out Indians. E. increasingly became part of the state's middle class
A. often lost ownership of their lands.
41. In the American business community at the end of the nineteenth century, A. one percent of businesses controlled one-third of all manufacturing. B. almost all corporations had achieved stability through "pool" arrangements. C. federal reforms of corporations had ended the most predatory business practices. D. most states had made it illegal for one corporation to buy another one. E. rampant competitiveness and labor shortages helped to keep prices down and wages up.
A. one percent of businesses controlled one-third of all manufacturing.
85. Central to the success of American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) was how it A. focused solely on commercial uses of the telephone. B. provided telephone service only, not equipment. C. controlled both the telephone equipment and telephone service. D. made subscribers buy the necessary equipment. E. made telephone equipment and depended on other companies to provide the service.
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56. Samuel Gompers was the leader of the A. American Federation of Labor. B. Molly Maguires. C. Knights of Labor. D. Congress of Industrial Organization. E. American Railway Union.
A. American Federation of Labor.
9. By 1900, one of the three American territories in the contiguous United States that had NOT been granted statehood was A. Arizona. B. Utah. C. Colorado. D. Nebraska. E. South Dakota.
A. Arizona.
93. In the late nineteenth century, Democrats tended to attract the greater numbers of A. Catholics. B. citizens of old American stock. C. the middle class. D. Protestants. E. northern blacks.
A. Catholics.
70. In 1882, the first group of immigrants to be excluded from the United States on the basis of their nationality were A. Chinese. B. Japanese. C. Mexicans. D. Slavs. E. Irish.
A. Chinese.
31. In the 1870s, the internal combustion engine was developed in A. Europe. B. the United States. C. Asia. D. Africa. E. Australia.
A. Europe.
84. Which American writer would be LEAST associated with the trend toward social realism in literature in the late nineteenth century? A. Mark Twain B. Upton Sinclair C. Frank Norris D. Stephen Crane E. Theodore Dreiser
A. Mark Twain
28. In the United States, the steel industry first emerged in A. Pennsylvania and Ohio. B. Vermont and Massachusetts. C. Illinois and Indiana. D. New Jersey and New York. E. Alabama and Mississippi.
A. Pennsylvania and Ohio.
60. The Pullman strike of 1894 A. saw the president of the United States order federal troops to break the strike. B. was ultimately successful for the strikers. C. had little effect on rail transportation throughout the nation. D. ended when George Pullman dropped his demand that workers live in company housing. E. ended when Governor John Peter Altgeld called out the militia to protect employers.
A. saw the president of the United States order federal troops to break the strike
86. According to the philosophy of pragmatism, society should be guided by A. scientific inquiry. B. inherited ideals. C. democratic tradition. D. moral principles. E. religious faith.
A. scientific inquiry.
7. Chinese tongs were A. secret societies. B. prostitutes. C. community officials. D. merchants. E. indentured servants.
A. secret societies.
64. The largest number of immigrants to the United States in the late nineteenth century came from A. southern and eastern Europe. B. Mexico and Central America. C. Great Britain and Germany. D. China and Japan. E. Ireland and Italy.
A. southern and eastern Europe.
58. In what industry did the Homestead strike of 1892 occur? A. steel B. railroad C. meatpacking D. coal E. oil
A. steel
97. Chester A. Arthur A. supported the Pendleton Act as part of civil service reform. B. upset reformers by supporting the political "spoils system." C. quickly replaced most of James Garfield's appointees. D. was a political novice when he assumed the presidency. E. had long been a fierce opponent of Roscoe Conkling.
A. supported the Pendleton Act as part of civil service reform.
80. The national network of grocery stores that started in the 1850s was A. the A&P. B. Food Lion. C. Seven-Eleven. D. Piggly Wiggly. E. Harris Teeter.
A. the A&P.
2. Which tribe should NOT be included among the Plains Indians? A. the Yurok B. the Sioux C. the Arapaho D. the Pawnee E. the Cheyenne
A. the Yurok
29. In the late nineteenth century, the needs of the American steel industry directly contributed to the further development of all of the following EXCEPT A. the automobile industry. B. steam engine technology. C. freighters on the Great Lakes. D. the Pennsylvania Railroad. E. the oil industry.
A. the automobile industry.
17. In "The Significance of the Frontier in American History," Frederick Jackson Turner claimed A. the frontier had made Americans a distinctive people. B. the United States should expand its northern and southern borders into Canada and Mexico to create new frontier land. C. the western wars between whites and Indians were a national disgrace. D. most of the frontier land was of little practical use for Americans. E. the frontier had repressed individualism, nationalism, and democracy in America.
A. the frontier had made Americans a distinctive people.
32. Orville and Wilbur Wright's first successful airplane flight in 1903 A. took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. B. lasted just over one minute. C. did not in fact take off by itself. D. took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina and did not in fact take off by itself. E. All these answers are correct.
A. took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
91. An examination of American voters in the late nineteenth century reveals A. voter turnout for both presidential and nonpresidential elections was very high. B. there was greater voter interest in local elections than in national elections. C. southern white males voted Republican as a matter of unquestioned faith. D. voters did not strongly identify with either the Republican or Democratic Party. E. voter turnout was lower than it has been in recent decades.
A. voter turnout for both presidential and nonpresidential elections was very high.
14. The town that reigned as the railhead of the cattle kingdom for many years was A. Sedalia, Missouri. B. Abilene, Kansas. C. Dallas, Texas. D. Omaha, Nebraska. E. Deadwood, South Dakota.
B. Abilene, Kansas.
90. In the late nineteenth century, the most striking feature of the American party system was its A. ideological divisions. B. general activism. C. lack of corruption. D. remarkable stability. E. multiple parties.
D. remarkable stability.
36. Which of the following statements about the American railroad industry in the late nineteenth century is FALSE? A. It included the nation's largest businesses. B. It saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations. C. It relied partially on government subsidies for its growth. D. It was among the first to adopt a new corporate form of organization. E. It became a national symbol of concentrated economic power.
B. It saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations.
51. Which of the following is true regarding work conditions in American factories in 1900? A. Workers generally controlled the pace of production. B. Laborers could expect to work at least sixty hours a week. C. Job security for industrial workers had significantly increased since 1865. D. While safety conditions were poor, mechanization reduced the overall rate of accidents. E. First-generation workers generally had little trouble adjusting to the nature of industrial labor.
B. Laborers could expect to work at least sixty hours a week.
63. The 1920 census of the United States revealed that A. the western frontier had ended. B. a majority of Americans lived in "urban" areas. C. for the first time since 1790, American women outnumbered men. D. the majority of the nation's population had arrived as immigrants since 1880. E. California was now the most populous state.
B. a majority of Americans lived in "urban" areas.
48. In the late nineteenth century, the social writer Henry George argued in favor of A. taxing only the richest Americans. B. a single land tax to replace all other taxes. C. government efforts to increase land values. D. heavier taxes on the raw materials of industry. E. abolishing all taxes.
B. a single land tax to replace all other taxes.
94. A voter's party identification in the nineteenth century was usually a reflection of A. economic status. B. cultural background. C. age. D. occupation. E. gender
B. cultural background.
40. To John D. Rockefeller, the great "curse" of business in the late nineteenth century was A. government regulation. B. cutthroat competition. C. the income tax. D. the corporate tax. E. the chronic labor shortage.
B. cutthroat competition.
47. In the late nineteenth century, Daniel De Leon A. created the ideas of laissez-faire capitalism. B. founded the Socialist Labor Party in the United States. C. argued that large corporations were ultimately of benefit to American workers. D. led the American Federation of Labor. E. became a strong advocate of Taylorism.
B. founded the Socialist Labor Party in the United States.
89. During the late nineteenth century, college education for American women A. did not exist. B. had expanded significantly. C. offered no coeducational opportunities. D. allowed women to be schooled only by male faculty. E. had no real effect on the marrying age of nineteenth-century women.
B. had expanded significantly.
71. One significant innovation of urban America in the late nineteenth century was A. city fire-fighting companies. B. large public parks. C. paved roads. D. public hospitals. E. water treatment facilities.
B. large public parks.
23. Which of the following was NOT a significant source of resentment for the late nineteenth-century farmers? A. railroads B. neighboring farms C. banks D. manufacturers E. prices
B. neighboring farms
57. The Haymarket Square riot of 1886 A. saw public outrage over the police firing into a crowd of workers. B. resulted in the conviction and execution of several anarchists. C. took place in Indianapolis. D. resulted in a strike at the McCormick Harvester Company. E. proved the catalyst for several wide-ranging labor reforms.
B. resulted in the conviction and execution of several anarchists.
61. Eugene V. Debs played a leading role in what labor event? A. the Homestead strike B. the Pullman strike C. the Haymarket Square riot D. the Railroad strike of 1877 E. All these answers are correct.
B. the Pullman strike
21. In 1890 at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, A. Plains Indians mounted their last major attack on white Americans. B. the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians. C. the Sioux attempted to leave the reservation for Canada. D. the U.S. Seventh Cavalry suffered no casualties. E. All these answers are correct.
B. the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians.
5. The Chinese from California became the major source of labor for the transcontinental railroad because A. they had no other employment prospects. B. they worked for lower wages than what whites would accept. C. most were experienced in railroad construction. D. most were forced into working for the railroads. E. their more well-established unions won the railroad contracts.
B. they worked for lower wages than what whites would accept.
83. At the turn of the twentieth century, motion pictures A. had been invented by D. W. Griffith. B. were the first true mass entertainment medium. C. operated under strict morality codes. D. both were the first true mass entertainment medium, and operated under strict morality codes. E. All these answers are correct.
B. were the first true mass entertainment medium.
19. The Indian leader who said, "I am tired. My heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever," was A. Black Kettle. B. Sitting Bull. C. Chief Joseph. D. Crazy Horse. E. Cochise.
C. Chief Joseph.
8. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 A. resulted in the deportation of half of the Chinese in the United States. B. was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. C. banned Chinese in the United States from becoming naturalized citizens. D. was only applied in California. E. had little effect on the size of the Chinese population in America.
C. banned Chinese in the United States from becoming naturalised citizens.
54. The Knights of Labor A. was primarily a trade union. B. did not allow women to join. C. began as a secret fraternal organization. D. focused its efforts on improving wages and reducing hours. E. tried in particular to enlist support for their cause from lawyers.
C. began as a secret fraternal organization.
67. Compared with the first generation, second generation immigrants were more likely to A. hold on to their old ethnic habits. B. lose faith in the United States due to the hardships they experienced. C. break from their traditional culture. D. resist external social pressures to assimilate. E. return to the Old World for good.
C. break from their traditional culture.
59. The Pullman strike of 1894 began when George Pullman, owner of the company, A. ordered rail workers to move into company-owned housing. B. referred to workers as his "children." C. cut wages by 25 percent due to a slumping economy. D. refused to implement an eight-hour work day. E. began hiring African American workers in his factories.
C. cut wages by 25 percent due to a slumping economy.
75. In the early twentieth century, efforts to improve occupational safety A. were nonexistent. B. focused on the wealthy and ignored the urban poor. C. included a new federal regulatory agency. D. led many cities to require employers to create safe workplaces. E. included health standards for factories that had far-reaching impact.
C. included a new federal regulatory agency.
73. Tenement buildings in urban America were A. first constructed in Chicago in the 1880s. B. intended to be occupied as single-family dwellings. C. initially praised as an improvement in housing for the poor. D. subsidized by city governments. E. considered luxury housing by most urban residents.
C. initially praised as an improvement in housing for the poor.
72. In the late nineteenth century, suburbs on the edges of American cities were largely populated by A. very poor people. B. the working class. C. moderately well-to-do people. D. people from all income backgrounds. E. very wealthy people.
C. moderately well-to-do people
45. In his books, Horatio Alger A. offered true accounts of poor Americans who had become wealthy. B. took critical issue with the ideas of Social Darwinism. C. paid tribute to the possibility of social mobility in America. D. criticized child labor in American industry. E. argued that wealth and privilege were ultimately hollow achievements.
C. paid tribute to the possibility of social mobility in America.
24. In the late nineteenth century, industry in the United States A. obtained the bulk of its raw materials from Central and South America. B. faced a growing shortage of laborers. C. saw the federal government eager to assist in its growth. D. lacked adequate capital to expand the domestic market. E. suffered from an entrepreneurial deficit.
C. saw the federal government eager to assist in its growth.
34. A key to Henry Ford's success in mass production of automobiles was A. the use of welds instead of rivets to speed production. B. a reduction in the size of his labor force. C. the use of interchangeable parts. D. the training of highly skilled workers. E. his encouragement of labor unions in organizing his factories.
C. the use of interchangeable parts.
43. In the late nineteenth century, Social Darwinists argued that people who failed economically in the United States did so because A. they had not received a college education. B. racism and other prejudices held them back. C. they had poor individual character. D. business wealth was concentrated into the hands of a few. E. they were not members of "the Elect."
C. they had poor individual character.
98. In the election of 1884, "mugwumps" were A. civil servants. B. supporters of James G. Blaine. C. unhappy Republicans who threatened to vote for the Democrats. D. conservatives who wanted to limit civil service reform. E. Democrats who crossed over party lines to support Grover Cleveland.
C. unhappy Republicans who threatened to vote for the Democrats.
96. James A. Garfield A. opposed reform of the civil service system as president. B. was elected president with a commanding popular-vote margin. C. was assassinated by an unsuccessful office seeker. D. had been nominated by the Republicans because he was a loyal Stalwart. E. All these answers are correct.
C. was assassinated by an unsuccessful office seeker.
99. The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 A. was strongly opposed by congressional Republicans. B. signified that the era of trusts was ending. C. was used by the federal government against labor unions. D. was strengthened by the courts over the next decade. E. mirrored legislation passed earlier in New Jersey and Delaware.
C. was used by the federal government against labor unions.
22. The Dawes Act of 1887 A. was intended to preserve traditional Indian culture. B. denied United States citizenship to landowning Indian adults. C. was viewed by the United States government as a plan to save the Indians. D. ended the United States government's effort to assimilate Indian tribes. E. reaffirmed tribal ownership of western lands in the face of white claims to it.
C. was viewed by the United States government as a plan to save the Indians.
55. At its height in 1886, the Knights of Labor were led by A. Uriah S. Stephens. B. Eugene V. Debs. C. Henry Clay Frick. D. Terence V. Powderly. E. John Peter Altgeld.
D. Terence V. Powderly.
95. In the late nineteenth century, as veterans of the Civil War retired, A. the federal government created a pension system for all retired Americans. B. they were paid pensions by individual states, but not the federal government. C. the federal government gave pensions to both Union and Confederate veterans. D. a majority of the black and white male population in the North received federal pensions. E. they were forced to do without military pensions of any kind.
D. a majority of the black and white male population in the North received federal pensions.
27. The open-hearth process of making steel A. was replaced by the Bessemer process. B. was first done in the United States. C. produced small quantities of high-grade steel. D. made the production of large-dimension pieces possible. E. was ridiculed by established steelmakers such as Abram Hewitt.
D. made the production of large-dimension pieces possible.
79. In the late nineteenth century, the Tammany Hall political machine A. saw its most famous boss, William M. Tweed, sent to prison. B. was one of the few machines that did not engage in graft and corruption. C. operated out of Chicago. D. operated out of Chicago and saw its most famous boss, William M. Tweed, sent to prison. E. All these answers are correct.
D. operated out of Chicago and saw its most famous boss, William M. Tweed, sent to prison.
77. In the late nineteenth century, political "machines" in cities owed their existence to the A. rapid growth of urban America. B. influx of millions of immigrants. C. lack of Democratic and Republican organization in cities. D. rapid growth of urban America and the influx of millions of immigrants. E. influx of millions of immigrants and the lack of Democratic and Republican organization in cities.
D. rapid growth of urban America and the influx of millions of immigrants.
74. In the 1890s, Jacob Riis A. favored stopping immigration as a way to improve urban American cities. B. crusaded to expose political corruption in major American cities. C. documented the stories of wealthy Americans who came from humble origins. D. reported on the living conditions of the urban poor to encourage improvements. E. pushed for the creation of mass transit systems and outlying suburbs in America's cities.
D. reported on the living conditions of the urban poor to encourage improvements.
69. The primary goal of the American Protective Association was to A. require immigrants to sign loyalty oaths to the United States government. B. limit immigration to those who already had relatives living in the United States. C. give "native" Americans preference over immigrants in employment opportunities. D. stop immigrants from entering the United States. E. make English the official language of the United States.
D. stop immigrants from entering the United States.
65. By 1890, the percentage of the populations of Chicago, New York, and Detroit that were made up of immigrants was roughly A. 20-30 percent. B. 40-50 percent. C. 50-60 percent. D. 60-65 percent. E. 80-85 percent.
E. 80-85 percent.
10. In the second half of the nineteenth century, the working class in the western economy was A. highly multiracial. B. highly divided along racial lines. C. paid higher wages than workers in the East. D. both highly multiracial and paid higher wages than workers in the East. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
13. The western cattle industry saw Mexican ranchers first develop A. saddles. B. spurs. C. lariats. D. leather chaps. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
18. The decimation of American buffalo herds in the late nineteenth century A. destroyed the ability of Plains Indians to resist the advance of white settlers. B. was accelerated by Indian tribes who killed large numbers of buffalo to sell to white Americans. C. happened almost entirely in the space of a single decade. D. happened almost entirely in the space of a single decade, destroying the ability of Plains Indians to resist the advance of white settlers. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
26. The process of making steel developed by Henry Bessemer A. included blowing air through molten iron. B. involved adding ingredients to molten iron. C. was also developed by an American, William Kelly. D. included both blowing air through and adding ingredients to molten iron. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
37. During the late nineteenth century, the growth of large corporations was helped by A. sales of company stock to the public. B. "limited liability" laws. C. the realization that great ventures could not be financed by any single person. D. both sales of company stock to the public and "limited liability" laws. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
50. In the late nineteenth century, due to the growth of industrial capitalism, American workers A. saw a rise in their standard of living. B. experienced a loss in their control over their own work. C. were forced to contend with arduous and dangerous working conditions. D. both saw a rise in their standard of living, and experienced a loss in their control over their own work. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
66. In the late nineteenth century, compared to other immigrant ethnic groups, Jews A. advanced rapidly economically. B. placed a high value on education. C. huddled together in ethnic neighborhoods. D. both advanced rapidly economically, and huddled together in ethnic neighborhoods. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
68. In the late nineteenth century, the assimilation of immigrants was encouraged by A. the sale of American products. B. public education. C. church leaders. D. religious reform. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
76. In the late nineteenth century, crime in large American urban centers A. led many city governments to create professional public police departments. B. swelled in the twenty years between 1880 and 1900. C. was often blamed on the violent proclivities of immigrant groups. D. was often blamed on the violent proclivities of immigrant groups, and led many city governments to create professional public police departments. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
82. In the late nineteenth century, leisure activities tended to be divided by A. gender. B. class. C. race. D. both race and gender. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
88. In the late nineteenth century, American universities A. significantly grew in number due to the Morrill Land Grant Act. B. had a strong commitment to practical knowledge. C. began to form relationships with the private sector and the government. D. both had a strong commitment to practical knowledge, and began to form relationships with the private sector and the government. E. All these answers are correct.
E. All these answers are correct.
87. Which statement about education in the late nineteenth century is FALSE? A. It was a period of rapid expansion for public schools. B. By 1900, most states required compulsory school attendance. C. Educational opportunities extended to Indian tribes as well. D. Southern blacks had far less access to education than southern whites. E. Funding for public education was highest in rural areas.
E. Funding for public education was highest in rural areas.
20. In 1886, the end of formal warfare between the United States and American Indians was marked by the surrender of A. Cochise. B. Wovoka. C. Mangas Colorados. D. Sitting Bull. E. Geronimo.
E. Geronimo.
92. The high degree of party loyalty in the late nineteenth century is explained primarily by A. the parties' stances on economic issues. B. a voter's occupation. C. the parties' stances on social issues. D. a voter's ethnic background. E. a voter's regional background.
E. a voter's regional background.
25. Prior to the Civil War, the steel industry in the United States A. boomed as a result of the expanding United States Navy. B. emerged as an important supplier for railroad construction. C. largely replaced the iron industry. D. resulted in the construction of large commercial ocean freighters. E. barely developed at all.
E. barely developed at all.
42. In the late nineteenth century, most American business millionaires A. railed against the implications of Social Darwinism. B. came from financially humble origins. C. were living examples of "self-made men." D. had made their fortune in the railroad industry. E. began their careers from positions of wealth and privilege.
E. began their careers from positions of wealth and privilege
81. At the end of the nineteenth century, most Americans viewed leisure time as A. the province solely of children and the elderly. B. on par with laziness. C. something not attainable for the average worker. D. reserved for the extremely wealthy. E. being desirable.
E. being desirable.
46. The late nineteenth-century sociologist Lester Frank Ward A. suggested that industrialism was creating "organization men." B. believed that government intervention in society would be harmful. C. sought to apply Darwinian laws to human society. D. argued that people could do little to alter the economic stratification of society. E. believed that human intelligence, not natural selection, shaped society.
E. believed that human intelligence, not natural selection, shaped society.
49. Edward Bellamy's 1888 book, Looking Backward, A. described an America engaged in a second civil war due to concentrated wealth. B. promoted the virtues of economic competition. C. depicted a world presided over by an industrialist-king modeled on J. P. Morgan. D. accepted the necessity of class divisions in a capitalist economy. E. imagined an ideal future in which all corporations were combined into one great trust.
E. imagined an ideal future in which all corporations were combined into one great trust.
53. The Molly Maguires were a militant A. offshoot of the Knights of Labor. B. anti-immigration organization. C. woman suffrage organization. D. anarchist group. E. labor union in the coal industry.
E. labor union in the coal industry.
33. In the early twentieth century, a principle goal of "Taylorism" was to A. make industrial workers more independent in carrying out their jobs. B. emphasize the importance of craft and quality in the workplace. C. encourage industrial workers to act creatively to solve production problems. D. create a large labor force of highly skilled workers. E. organize industrial production into many simple tasks.
E. organize industrial production into many simple tasks.
16. In Owen Wister's novel, The Virginian (1902), the American cowboy was A. castigated for his poor relations with Indians, Mexicans, and Chinese. B. lamented as having lost his innocence and decency. C. seen as fast disappearing, as urbanization spread west. D. criticized for being too quick to use violence. E. portrayed as a simple and virtuous frontiersman.
E. portrayed as a simple and virtuous frontiersman.
11. Mining in the West A. did not see any great mineral strikes until after the Civil War. B. flourished until the 1930s. C. saw corporations move in first, followed by individual prospectors. D. kept ranchers and farmers from establishing their own economic base. E. produced the region's first economic boom.
E. produced the region's first economic boom.
78. In the late nineteenth century, urban political bosses did all of the following EXCEPT A. give out patronage. B. win votes for their political organization. C. provide material assistance to the poor. D. enrich themselves through graft and corruption. E. reduce the costs of city services.
E. reduce the costs of city services.
100. In the late nineteenth century, the issue of primary interest to the Republican Party was A. restricting immigration. B. reducing taxation. C. a prohibition on alcohol. D. supporting public education. E. supporting high tariffs.
E. supporting high tariffs.
62. Organized labor in the late nineteenth century failed to make great gains due to all the following factors EXCEPT A. tensions between ethnic and racial groups, which divided the work force. B. labor unions being faced with powerful and wealthy corporations. C. geographical mobility, which served to dilute institutional ties and class consciousness. D. major labor organizations representing only a small percentage of the industrial work force. E. the absence of state and federal laws to protect the rights of workers.
E. the absence of state and federal laws to protect the rights of workers.
1. In the mid-nineteenth century, the Plains Indians were A. usually able to unite against white aggression. B. not as vulnerable to disease as eastern tribes. C. among the least aggressive of all American Indians. D. mostly sedentary farmers. E. the most widespread Indian groups in the West.
E. the most widespread Indian groups in the West.
38. The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of A. vertical integration. B. horizontal integration. C. diagonal integration. D. central integration. E. vertical and horizontal integration.
E. vertical and horizontal integration.
39. The business structure of Standard Oil was a good example of A. vertical integration. B. horizontal integration. C. diagonal integration. D. central integration. E. vertical and horizontal integration.
E. vertical and horizontal integration.
15. In the late nineteenth century, "range wars" in the West were between A. white Americans and Indians. B. white American ranchers and Mexican ranchers. C. white American ranchers and Chinese ranchers. D. individual white American ranchers and large American ranching corporations. E. white American ranchers and farmers.
E. white American ranchers and farmers.
