History test 5/10/22
Settlers were supposed to:
Pay and look after Native Americans Teach them Christianity System often abused
Mulattoes
People of mixed African & European descent Made up the majority of people with mestizos
The Columbian exchange was a global exchange of____
People, goods, ideas and diseases
Mangellan was killed in ____
Philippines by a poison arrow
To prevent war between Spain & Portugal the kings go to _________
Pope Alexander VI
The Catholic Church was both______
Powerful & wealthy
Cuba canned independence in _______
Spanish American war
Conquistadors were
Spanish explorers and conquerers
People of Haiti burned_____
Sugar cane fields
Nappleon Bonaparte sent army to reclaim____
Sugar plantations
Colonies had 2 purposes:
Supply raw materials (sugar) Serve as markets for the parent country
Ideas from the French Revolution ________
Promoted slaves to revolt
U.S gained control of _________
Puerto rico, Guam, & the Philippines
Simon Bolivar
Return to Venezuela to join the revolution Used bold military tactics to take over the city of Bugota Light rebels through the jungle and over the Andes mountains to launch Declares Columbia independent
Haiti was a French colony called?
Saint - dominque
After 200 years of colonial rule______
Independence + movements began to take hold.
New Constitution leads to ____
Independence movement in wealthy creoles
US response to the missiles were
Set up novel blockade
The us secretly trained Cuban exiles to ________
Invade & overthrow Castro
Many missionaries were______________
Jesuits
The Catholic Church was the _________
Largest & richest land powers in Latin America
Fidel Castro
Led a guerilla war against baristas government
Agustin de Iturbide
Led the creole army against the rebels (flipped and joined forces w them) Declared himself emperor
The pope chose a ________________ to divide the "new world"
Line of longitude
Miguel Hidalgo
Mexican priest who promised to give land back to Native Americans
Who tried protecting Native Americans?
Missionaries
Colony exists to benefit the ___________
Mother country
European nations :
Must export more than import
European nations battle with________
Nappleon in Europe
The law that protected Native Americans from being enslaved was_____
New laws of the Indies
New Spain
Northern half of the kingdom Capital Mexico City
Columbus reached the "new world" or the "West Indies"
October 12, 1492
Teddy Roosevelt
Offered Colombia $10 million for a stretch of land 10 miles wide
Peninsula
Officials sent from Spain Controlled political & economic life of the colony Looked down upon other classes
Peru
Southern half of the kingdom capital in Lima
Who was Given permission to build missile bases in Cuba
Soviet Union
What was the richest and most powerful nation in Europe during the age of exploration?
Spain
Who claimed all the islands of Caribbean & the nearby mainland?
Spain
Wealth & power =
Ownership of gold and silver
Mangellan explored the coast of South American and renamed the _______
Pacific Ocean
The treasures of the Incas & Aztecs made slain the ___________
The richest and most powerful nation in Europe
Creoles did not get appointed to top jobs in the government or church bc_____________
They were not born in Spain
Mangellan crew were the first
To sail around the world
Fulgencio Batista
Took power in Cuba
Gran Colombia nations
Venezuela Colombia Peru Ecuador
Hacienda
Was a large tracts of land was operated by an owner or overseer (usually produced a single cash crop)
Spain controls land ________
West
Magellan
Who led an expedition around South America & the world
Native Americans
Worked on naciendas Lived in their own villages on hacienda Spoke there own language Majority were Christian
Bartolome de Las Casas
Wrote a letter to Spain speaking out against the miss treatment of Native Americans
Line of demarcation
boundary between Spanish and Portuguese territories in the New World
Mestizos
people of Native American and European descent Majority of people & made up the middle class
Spain & Portugal searched for an ocean route to___________
Asia
Missionaries combined _____
Aztec and Christian symbols
Missionaries wanted the native Americans to________
Convert - destroyed temples & religious objects
Slaves
Could marry, own property and buy freedom Majority were also Christian
Had the most to gain if the Spanish rulers were not in power
Creoles
Reformers took control of Spanish government offered a new constitution giving _______
Creoles control of government
What are the three "g's"
God, gold, glory
Bolivar formed
Gran Colombia
What was the first independent country in America?
Haiti
What did the church receive from the kings of Spain & Portugal?
Huge land grants
The Spanish government issued encomiendas which gave Spanish settlers the right to_______
Demand taxes or labor from people living on the land
Portugal controls lands ________
East
Mercantilism
Economic system in Europe Stresses goals of the government over the individual
The Catholic Church controlled_____
Education, hospitals, services to poor Built the earliest universities
Majority of population were_____
Enslaved people
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Explored Panama He discovered the Pacific Ocean which he names the "south sea"
Toussaint L'Ouverture
Former slave who led the haitians to Independence Leader of rebels
Free blacks
Freed slaves Some bought their freedom and some were freed by their owners Laborers or skilled tradesmen
What were the goal of the Europeans?
Gain gold & convert native Americans to Christianity
The u.s agreed to a _____________ of food and medicine in. Exchange for the return of the Cuban exiles
50 million
Fidel Castro gained power and declared Cuba __________
A Marxist (communust) state Established one - party rule
What did the Catholic Church serve as?
A unifying source in Latin America
Creoles
American born descendants of Spanish settlers Pure Spanish descent
What's a viceroy
An official who ruled in place of the king
This led to
Agricultural revolution