HISTORY TEST

Thesis

1st

Enlightenment despots

Absolute rulers who embraced enlightenment ideas

Montesquieu

Believed government should be limited and divided into 3 branches. Spirit of laws

Executive

Enforces law

Hobbes

English philosopher believed people are evil and self interested and needed a government to control them

Fredrick the great

Enlightenment despot. King of Prussia, servant of state, religious tolerance

Voltaire

Freedom of speech, exiled

Judicial

Interprets law

George III

King, stamp act, sugar act

Salon

Social informal gatherings, meeting talking about ideas

The Black Death

Widespread disease killed 1/3 of population

Diderot

created encyclopedia

The author of this quote is John Locke. I know this to be true because John Locke believed that all people are born free and equal. I also know this to be true because he believed that all people are born with their right to life, liberty and property. This quote demonstrates John Locke's beliefs by stating that "all mankind is equal and independent" and by asserting that no one should infringe on another's right to "life, health, liberty or possessions"

"All mankind... being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty or possessions."

Social Contract

Agreement with ruler, something in return for something

Locke

British philosopher, modified Hobbes ideas, life liberty and property and beloved people were fully capable of governing themselves

Legislative

Create Law

Enlightenment ideas influenced the American Revolution by encouraging Americans to question British English authority. As a result of Enlightenment thinking, the American colonists began to question the ability of the British to exert total control over them. For example, John Locke believed that it was not the government who was sovereign, but rather the people were sovereign and that the government could only control the people if the people gave the government permission to rule over them. Furthermore, Enlightenment thinkers, such as John Locke, promoted the idea of natural rights; the concept that all people have God-given rights that can not be taken away. This contributes to the worth of the individual which encouraged revolution.

How did Enlightenment ideas influence the American Revolution?

Philosophers influenced the constitution by creating ideas and forms of new governments. Philosophers came up and spread any ideas that were utilized in the constitution. Voltaire influenced the constitution with his ideas of freedom of speech, religion and press. Locke influenced the constitution with his beliefs that all people were born free and equal with natural rights of life, liberty and property. And that Jefferson used and later modified with life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness in the constitution. The constitution used many ideas from these philosophers like social contract, Moniqueus three branches of checks and balances and John lockes ideas of people getting to choose their leaders.

How did philosophers influence the constitution.

Marie An Tounet

Jsyshshshs

The United States constitution

Laws and principles by which the U.S. Is governed

Rococo

Light,moved away from religion

The Magna Carta

Long list of feudal rights. Charter agreed by king John

Thomas Jefferson

Main author of declaration, life liberty and the pursuit of happiness

First Continental Congress

Meeting where they tried to figure out peaceful ways. 12 out of 13 colonies

Philosophe

Philosophers, enlightenment thinkers

Federal Republic

Power divided between federal and state/ democratic

Natural rights

Rights that people are born with/ can't be taken

Natural Law

Rules discoverable by reason

Declaration of Independence

Separation from King George III. Declaring freedom of 13 colonies

The author of this quote is Thomas Jefferson. I know this to be true because Thomas Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration of Independence is a document drafted by the Continental Congress in order to justify and proclaim its independence from the unjust rule of the British Crown. The Declaration makes use of John Locke's social contract as described in this quote which states that governments "derive their powers from the consent of the governed".

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government..."