HOLOCAUST FINAL

After the war, Remy writes a memoir about his experiences in the Soviet Union when the Nazis invaded. Remy talks about his family and how they had heard that Nazis were killing Jews. Remy's family thought that they had nothing to fear, since they were not Jews. Having migrated west from Asia, Remy and his family lived in a small village with many people like themselves. Still, Remy remembers how he hid in an outbuilding while the Nazi soldiers killed every person in his community. Which statement BEST explains the reason behind the soldier's animosity towards Remy's village?

Because they were Asian and not Aryan, Germans viewed these people as subhuman and their lives worthless.

The horrors of Bergen-Belsen were beyond anything arriving British troops could have imagined. How did Camp #2 at Bergen-Belsen create an illusion for arriving troops?

Camp #2 held relatively healthy prisoners.

During the time period building up to World War II, Hitler's philosophies had little in common with those of other nation's leaders. One group he strongly opposed was also seen as dangerous in other countries. Which group did Hitler imprison early on in the concentration camps?

Communists

Felix had changed his name from Fennix when he decided to convert to Protestantism and open a butcher shop. He was well known in the small German town he lived in. Felix and his family attended church services along with everyone else. They had a modest house not far from the butcher shop. Still, when the Nazis came looking for Roma, it was easy for them to spot Felix. How were they MOST likely able to tell that Felix was not ethnically German?

Felix had dark skin that identified him

The problem of where to put the Jews was not only Hitler's. After the camps were liberated, it was clear that there were few places for the Jewish prisoners to return to. As one of the American generals overseeing the relief effort, Randall has an idea. He thinks that it might be a good idea to allow the Jews to settle in Palestine, their ancestral home. In order to make this happen, which country would Randall MOST likely have to convince to agree to this idea?

Great Britain

Jardani is a Sinti who has been swept up in the Nazi raids. He is transferred to a concentration camp, along with other Romani. Jardani feels that no one understands what is happening and decides to petition for help. Since Jardani is Sinti, who would he MOST likely ask for help?

He might reach out to the Catholic bishop.

Josef Kramer, the commandant of Bergen-Belsen, was later put on trial for the fate of those left behind at Bergen-Belsen. Although they were alive, so many were close to death, and British medics had almost no chance of saving their lives. Prosecutors wanted to hold Kramer responsible for their deaths. How would Kramer have MOST likely justified leaving the prisoners the way he did?

Hitler had wanted them all killed before the British arrived, so he spared their lives.

The problem of finding a place for Jews to settle after the war was a complex one. Many no longer felt safe or wanted in their former homes. Most of their belongings had been plundered by German citizens. Already struggling to recover from the war themselves, many of the Allied countries were hesitant to get involved in figuring out what to do with these refugees. Harry Hopkins, advisor to the US president, was preparing a memo to be considered by congressional representatives. As he compiled his memo about refugees, which fact would he MOST likely want to include?

In Europe right now, there are 250,000 Jewish displaced persons.

The result of a relatively incompetent commandant, what especially stood out about the camp at Majdanek when the Soviets arrived?

It was almost completely intact with little evidence destroyed.

Which Nazi official was not included under Aktion T-4 and Operation Brandt but could have qualified for it under the Nazi definitions?

Joseph Goebel

Even though the idea was that asocials were being imprisoned to help reeducate them so that they could return as contributing members of society, why was that plan ultimately abandoned?

Nazis decided they were of no benefit to the state.

How did Operation Brandt impact German soldiers?

Operation Brandt killed shell-shocked soldiers, defining them as mentally ill.

Emilie has a job cleaning the home of a German businessman. She makes a serious mistake though, taking a valued brooch from the home. The homeowner calls police and before Emilie gets very far away, she is found with the brooch tucked into her coat pocket. The Nazi policeman shakes his head because he knows Emilie from past encounters. "Just wait until you get to the camps. They will have a very special job for a young lady like you!" What job would a young woman convicted of criminal acts possibly be given in the camp?

She might be sent to work in a brothel.

While preparing evidence for the Nuremberg Trials, French lawyer Armond is pouring through old communications from Nazi commanders. He finds a torn paper that has instructions written in German. The instructions tell commanders to take Jewish prisoners and dig up mass graves, burning the bodies that are found there. Armond is ecstatic because he has heard eyewitness testimony of these events, especially the actions of the Einsatzgruppen, but now he has solid evidence that Nazi leaders knew about it and attempted to cover it up! When news reaches the lawyers for the defendants, how would they MOST likely refer to the order on this document?

Sonderaktion 1005

Why were 80,000 Jewish refugees able to settle in the United States in 1950 when so many had been turned away in the late 1930s?

The immigration laws changed to allow 200,000 Jews in after the war.

Fredrik is seen by his neighbor leaving his home late at night and walking in the direction of a bar that was known to be frequented by people who are gay. Within a week, Fredrik is incarcerated in one of the concentration camps. What MOST likely happened to land Fredrik in this situation?

The neighbor must have told the Gestapo, who arrested him without a warrant or trial.

Once the concentration camps were full of political prisoners who refused to change and become productive members of society, how did the Nazis decide to handle them?

They decided to starve and work them to death.

A few soldiers saw the starving prisoners of Auschwitz and handed over whatever rations they had to try to alleviate their suffering. Some shouted out "You're freed," while other soldiers would hug the prisoners they encountered. Survivors later recounted how shocked they were to receive such comfort. Considering their feelings about something as simple as a hug, what conclusions can be drawn about the Jewish prisoners at that point?

They had become accustomed to being treated as subhuman.

How did the Nazi officials plan to deal with remaining prisoners in Bergen-Belsen?

They planned to leave them in place without food or water to starve to death. They planned to move them to another camp within the German borders.

How did the German government categorize the actions taken against the Roma before 1943, including the mandatory registrations in place?

They said that the actions taken were because of the Romani's criminal activity.

Tzeitel and her sister Chava were among those liberated at Auschwitz when the Soviet troops arrived. The two girls had been transported from their home on the Russian/Polish border to the camp almost two years before. When the Nazis came to the village of Parkoszewo, they first took Tzeitel's father. Then they came for the rest of the family. Tzeitel does not know if her father has survived the Holocaust, and the only way she can think to find him is to return to their village. As many of the liberated prisoners did, how will Tzeitel and Chava MOST likely find their way home?

They walked back to their village on foot.

In the 1930s, concentration camps within Germany were filling with political prisoners. At that time, what was the ultimate plan for these prisoners?

They were to be rehabilitated because they were racially valuable.

How was the description offered by Nazi negotiators different from the situation that British soldiers discovered upon entering Bergen-Belsen?

They were told that there were 9,000 prisoners without food or water, but there were actually 50,000.

Large numbers of Holocaust survivors fought in the Israeli wars in 1948 and 1949.

True

Polish academics were killed in AB-Aktion.

True

As Nazis worked their way through newly conquered lands, many residents were shot or forced into camps in order to clear the land. Some were allowed to stay, with the idea that they could be good candidates for Germanization. Which person would MOST likely be allowed to continue living in their home?

Vaike, 32-year-old primary school teacher from Estonia

When US army prosecutor William Denson later began what were called the Dachau trials, he named 40 camp officials as defendants. The officials did not deny their involvement with Dachau camp, but many denied that prisoners were treated harshly or killed while under their care. Denson was not worried about proving them wrong. Which fact would Denson MOST likely use to his advantage when looking for evidence of how prisoners at Dachau were treated?

When Dachau was liberated, 30,000 prisoners had been abandoned there and were still alive.

As the Soviet troops approached, Nazi officials ordered prisoners of Auschwitz to march toward Germany. Which prisoner would MOST likely be left behind?

Yankel, age 23, who had contracted typhus

Ernst knew that he had enjoyed a privileged life before the war. His family had been some of the few wealthy Germans who had survived but the ideas of Hitler and his Nazis still struck a chord with Ernst, and he was eager to serve the cause. Finally landing a great job as a guard at Auschwitz, Ernst was satisfied, as it was much safer than being on the warfront. Still, he sometimes thought back to attending the orchestra with this family and longed to hear beautiful music played once again. As an appreciator of the arts, Ernst would sometimes seek out the more musical prisoners in the camp, standing at a distance while they played. If his superior were to look for Ernst during these occasions, where would he MOST likely find the man?

listening to the musicians in the Gypsy Family Camp

When was the idea of creating a Jewish state in Palestine first entertained?

the 1920s by Zionists themselves