HR MGMT 3313 Ch 4

What are some ways to simplify the mental demands of an employee's job?

-Minimize information. -Install adequate lighting. -Provide clear instructions.

What two statements are true regarding job descriptions?

-Talking to people who already perform the task, is a first step in creating a job description. -Performance appraisals can provide a good opportunity for updating job descriptions.

What are the three categories of inputs involved in a work flow analysis?

-human resources -raw inputs -equipment

Telework is easiest to implement for which jobs?

-managerial -sales -professional

During work flow analysis, an organization's planners need to analyze ___.

-the inputs required for the work processes -what work processes need to be used -how many workers will be needed

Why do companies perform a work-flow analysis?

-to determine what tasks need to be performed to create an output -to determine what skills are needed by employees in order to create an output

Which are benefits for an employer that allows telecommuting?

-greater flexibility for employees with special needs or life situations -less need for office space -supports a corporate social responsibility strategy

During the summer, Heather's office works four 10-hour days so that they can take Friday off. This is an example of a ______ workweek.

compressed

A job ______ identifies the essential duties of the job, including mental and physical tasks and any methods and resources required. Multiple choice question.

description

The process of defining how work will be done and what tasks will be needed in a given job is called job _

design

One major trend in job analysis is related to which of the following? Multiple choice question.

determining which jobs are better suited for humans versus computers

What word best represents the goal of the scientific method?

efficiency

Telework

employees complete work through electronic interactions, telecommunications, and internet technology

The concept of broadening the types of tasks performed in a job is called job __.

enlargement

Job ______ occurs when employees are given more decision-making authority in their jobs.

enrichment

What is the interface between an individual's physical self and the characteristics of the physical work environment?

ergonomics

Job ______ refers to enlarging jobs by combining several relatively simple jobs to form a job with a wider range of tasks.

extension

What is the scheduling policy that allows full-time employees to start and end their workday at any time within the stated guidelines of the organization?

flextime

While her manager gets to the office by 7:00 a.m., Devin arrives at 9:00 a.m. after dropping off her children at school. It is company policy that employees can create their own hours as long as they are in the office between 10:00 and 2:00 each day and put in 40 hours each week. This work schedule is an example of ______.

flextime

The O*NET is a government resource that provides information on a variety of items, including _____.

generalized job tasks

competency focus more on...

how people work

The process of job analysis focuses on work tasks and outcomes, while competency models focus on

how people work.

When deciding on the work flow to make new equipment parts, Maxwell realized he would need to hire at least three new people who were skilled in advanced software development. What type of input is Maxwell considering?

human resources

Human Resource Planning

identifying the numbers and types of employees the organization will require to meet its objectives

The study of jobs to find the simplest way to structure work in order to maximize efficiency is called ______ engineering.

industrial

A single worker at the ice cream production plant used to fill the container, put the lid on the container, seal the container, and then place it in the packing box. Today the process is not as complex because the assembly line has been designed for two workers to get the job done at an even faster rate. Structuring the assembly line to maximize efficiency is an example of which of the following? Multiple choice question.

industrial engineering

To design jobs effectively, one must fully understand the job itself and ______

its place in a work unit's work flow process

A set of related duties is called a(n)

job

What is the name of the process of obtaining detailed information about specific jobs?

job analysis

Fleishman Job Analysis System

job analysis technique that asks subject-matter experts to evaluate a job in terms of the abilities required to perform the job

Mallory took a PAQ when she started her new job, and one of the questions asked if she preferred to work on her own or with a group. Which section of the PAQ does this question demonstrate?

job context

Trevor's boss told him that he would now also be responsible for answering the phones and filing correspondence in addition to the tasks he already did. This provided Trevor with an even wider range of tasks and is an example of ______.

job extension

Employees moving among several jobs on a company production line demonstrates which of the following?

job rotation

Marcus and Felicia teach a fifth-grade class together. Marcus teaches all morning classes, and Felicia teaches in the afternoon. This working arrangement is an example of ______.

job sharing

A work option in which two part-time employees perform the tasks of a single job is called ______.

jobsharing

KSAOs

knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics

The Jobs Characteristics Model was developed as a method to make jobs more ______.

motivating

Work flow analysis identifies the products of any work unit. What are these products called?

outputs

What is the term for the set of job duties performed by a particular person?

position

Competency models can be useful for which of the following HR practices?

recruiting training selection development

structure designed to empower employees

requires a structure and jobs that enable broad responsibility rather than performing a narrowly defined function

When creating a job description, a human resource manager should include TDRs, which stands for the tasks, duties, and ______ a particular job entails.

responsibilities

Nishi works at an assembly plant. On Monday and Tuesday, she packs boxes, on Wednesday she labels boxes, and on Thursday and Friday she loads boxes on the truck. Nishi's job is an example of job ______.

rotation

Which method traditionally seeks the "one best way" to perform a job through the use of time-and-motion studies?

scientific method

A ______ work team has authority for an entire work process or segment.

self-managing

A(n) is an individual's high level of proficiency at performing a particular task.

skill

In analyzing teamwork, what is the term that describes the degree to which team members have specialized knowledge?

skill differentiation

Katrine knew the best person for the job would have a college degree in English and work experience in the marketing communications field. Katrine is describing a job ______.

specification

Who does the Fleishman Job Analysis System use to evaluate a job in terms of the abilities required to perform the job?

subject-matter experts

authority differentiation

the allocation of decision-making authority among individuals, subgroups, and the team as a whole

autonomy

the degree to which a job gives workers the discretion, freedom, and independence to decide how and when to accomplish the job

task significance

the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people

task identity

the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work

skill differentiation

the degree to which team members have specialized knowledge or functional capacities

Feedback

the extent to which a person receives clear information about performance effectiveness from the work itself

Temporal (time) stability

the length of time over which team members must work together

job context

the physical and social contexts where the work is performed

job evaluation

the process of determining the value of jobs within an organization through an examination of job content Job analysis helps in assessing the relative dollar value of each job to the organization in order to set up fair pay structures.

work output

the work done by a machine; the product of the output force and the distance through which the force is exerted the physical activities, tools, and devices used by the worker to perform the job

structure based on teamwork

this requires a structure based on divisions other than functions

What is the purpose of the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)?

to compile detailed descriptions of specific jobs

What is the purpose of the Fleishman Job Analysis System?

to determine what abilities are required to perform a specific job

What is one objective of broadening the types of tasks (known as enlargement) performed in a job?

to make jobs less repetitive

information input

where and how a worker gets information needed to perform the job

The process of analyzing the tasks necessary for the production of a product or service is called ______.

work flow design

What is the term for the activities that the members of a work team use to produce a specific output?

work processes

job analysis focuses more on...

work tasks and outcomes

By performing a(n) ______, an organization determines the raw input, equipment, and human resources needed to produce an output.

work-flow analysis

structure based on function

workers tend to have low authority and work alone at highly specialized jobs

PAQ

A standardized questionnaire containing 195 items that are used in a job analysis to create a job description.

Career Planning

Actions and activities that individuals perform in order to give direction to their work lives.

performance appraisal

An evaluation that measures employee performance against established standards in order to make decisions about promotions, compensation, training or termination. Job analysis helps to identify the behaviors and results associated with effective performance.

Selection

Choosing from among qualified applicants to hire into an organization

Jobs that involve teamwork tend to require an organizational structure based on which of the following?

Divisions

True or false: In general, analysts agree that in the near future, most human workers will be replaced by new technology such as artificial intelligence and robotics.

False

True or false: Technology has reduced job demands and errors in all work situations.

False Reason: In some cases, technology has worsened this problem. Consider juggling a cell phone, typing, surfing the web all at the same time.

True or false: In terms of work-flow analysis, work output refers to physical objects but not intangible services.

False Reason: This is false. Work output refers to both physical objects and intangible services.

What two tasks do self-managing work teams typically perform?

Hire team members Schedule work

How does work flow design assist managers?

It helps them assess the tasks needed to make a product or provide a service.

LaToya was told by her manager that she could now authorize product returns without consulting him first. What is this an example of?

Job enrichment

work redesign

Often an organization seeks to redesign work to make it more efficient or to improve quality.

What is the standardized job analysis survey that contains questions about work behaviors, work conditions, and job characteristics that apply to a wide variety of jobs?

Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)

According to research, who may be the most accurate when reporting information about job tasks?

Supervisors

What is the name of the federal government's system that uses a common language to describe the abilities, work styles, work activities, and work context required for 1,000 broadly defined occupations?

The Occupational Information Network

Other characteristics

The activities, conditions, and characteristics other than those previously described that are relevant to the job.

skill variety

The extent to which the job requires a person to utilize multiple high-level skills.

Relationships with other persons

The relationships with other people required in performing the job.

mental processes

The thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of us experiences privately but that cannot be observed directly

What is the drawback of using information for analyzing jobs from people who currently hold that position?

They tend to exaggerate what they do to appear more valuable to the organization.

True or false: To achieve high-quality performance, an organization needs to match job requirements and people by performing a job analysis.

True

Kari is popular with her coworkers because she is able to cooperate with everyone. What is this general enduring capability is an example of?

ability

Training

an organization's planned efforts to help employees acquire job-related knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors, with the goal of applying these on the job

What process is considered the building block of human resource management?

analyzing jobs

Chi-Ling thought it would be best to put Connor in charge of making decisions for the accounting team and Manami in charge of making decisions for the marketing group. Which aspect of analyzing teamwork is Chi-Ling using?

authority differentiation

Which of the following accurately describes KSAOs?

characteristics of people

A(n) ______ is an area of personal capability that enables employees to perform their work successfully.

competency

Which of the following do managers create in order to describe the competencies associated with an entire occupation, organization, job family, or a specific job?

competency models

A schedule in which full-time employees complete their weekly hours in fewer than five days is called a _______ workweek.

compressed