HUM 259
Poseidon appellations (nicknames). Choose all correct answers:
1. "unifying powerful one" 2. "unifying powerful one" 3. "Tamer of horses" 4. "Rescuer of ships" 5. "Lord of below" 6. "God of oracles" 7. "Earth shaker"
The major Trojans in the Iliad? Choose all correct answers:
1. Andromache 2. Hecuba 3. Paris 4. Hector 5. Priam
Begotten from the castration of Uranus:
1. Aphrodite 2. The Giants
Which gods sided with Troy during the Trojan war? Choose all correct answers:
1. Apollo 2. Aphrodite 3. Artemis
Children of Agamemnon when he returns from Troy (choose two):
1. Electra 2. Orestes
Creatures associated with Poseidon: choose all correct answers:
1. Gorgons 2. Medusa 3. the Sphinx 4. Nereids
What was a contributing factor to the independent, questioning attitude of the ancient Greeks?: (Choose all correct answers):
1. Greece's topography 2. Greece's geography
In the Judgement of Paris, what did Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite promise to Paris as a reward for his judgment? Choose 3 correct answers:
1. Hera promised him political power. 2. Athena promised him military glory 3. Aphrodite promised him the most beautiful woman in the world
Choose all correct answers pertaining to archetypes:
1. Jung 2. theoretically universal 3. part of humanity's collective unconscious 4. can be individuals, concepts, and institutions
Who warned against admitting the wooded horse and was not believed? and who was the priest of Apollo, who hurled his spear at the horse and said it should be destroyed?: Choose 2 correct answers:
1. Laocoön 2. Cassandra
What are the qualities of guilt vs. shame culture?: choose all correct answers:
1. guilt means "to owe" 2. guilt is private 3. guilt necessitates responsibility 4. guilt necessitates free-will 5. guilt can result in redemption
According to "Oedipus at Colonus," what happens to Oedipus after his death: choose all corect answers?:
1. he became a hero 2. he became more than mortal
Athena most important accomplishments (choose all correct answers):
1. helped construct the Wooden Horse 2. invented the chariot 3. inventor and patroness of wool-working 4. goddess of carpenters 5. built the first ship 6. invented the bridle
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Athena's birth
1. her mother was Metis 2. she was born fully grown 3. she was born out of Zeus' head
What happened to Odysseus at the island of Thrinacia?: Choose all correct answers:
1. his men ate the Cattle of the sun 2. Zeus sank Odysseus' ship when it set sail 3. all of Odysseus' men perished when they set sail 4. Helios asked Zeus to punish Odysseus and his men
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Hermes' childhood:
1. invents the lyre 2. steals Apollo's cattle
Why was Greece so innovative compared to other civilizations?: Choose all correct answers:
1. its colonies throughout the Mediterranean 2. its inability to take anything for granted 3. its geography and topography 4. its cosmopolitanism
What did Atreus do to Thyestes' children? choose all correct answers:
1. killed them 2. fed them to their father
Characteristics of Zeus' nature
1. lustfulness 2. sexual appetite 3. disrespect
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Gaia (what she represents):
1. matriarchy 2. Theotokos 3. fertility
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Pandora:
1. necessary 2. fertile 3. beyond good and evil
Choose all correct characteristics about the geography of Greece:
1. not conducive to agriculture 2. rugged 3. surrounded by many islands 4. isolated city-states
Choose all correct answers pertaining to the Titans:
1. personified forces of nature 2. symbolic of nature's untamable powers 3. children of Uranus and Gaia
Among other things, Apollo was the god of:
1. pestilence 2. healing
Greek inventions: Choose all correct answers:
1. philosophy 2. drama 3. history 4.democracy 5. aesthetics 6. beauty
Characteristics of Athena's nature: Choose all correct answers:
1. phronesis 2. wise 3. virgin 4. sexually unapproachable 5. prudence 6. compassionate
The two meanings of pharmakon:
1. poison 2. cure
Choose all correct attributes of Athena:
1. protector during war 2. honorable 3. goddess of prudence 4. goddess of nearness 5. loyal 6. sexually unapproachable 7. mother 8. goddess of hope 9. goddess of mourning 10. virgin
Choose all correct key characteristics of Eros discussed in class:
1. represents erotic love and desire 2. represents love, passion, and sexuality 3. is a kind of energy or force 4. represents the complex nature of love and sexuality 5. mischievous
Choose all correct answers: connected to the cult of Dionysus:
1. satyrs 2. maenads 3. felines
Two key abilities of Hermes:
1. secrecy 2. cunning
Choose all correct answers concerning Scylla?
1. she was a monster with a girdle of six dogs 2. she was changed into a monster by Poseidon's wife, Amphitrite 3. daughter of the sea deity Phorcys
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Freud:
1. studied myth as related to human repression of natural desires 2. concentrated on the repression and effects of violence and sexuality on humanity
What is the essential role of the Sphinx in the story of Oedipus?: Choose all correct answers:
1. the Sphinx provides a way to display Oedipus confidence and perhaps arrogance 2. the Sphinx provides a symbolic threshold that must pass in his journey 3. the Sphinx provides a sexual dimension of seduction 4. the Sphinx provides a test that must be passed by Oeadipus
Choose all correct examples of an aporia in ancient Greece:
1. the family 2. love 3. sexuality 4. violence
According to the Greeks: examples of aporias: (Choose all correct answers):
1. the family 2. love 3. violence 4. sexuality
What natural forces were connected to Poseidon:
1. the sea 2. storms 3. weather 4. earthquakes
Two celestial bodies associated with Apollo:
1. the sun 2. the moon
Choose all correct definition for the concept of the Sacred:
1. the transcendent 2. the metaphysical 3. what affects awe, terror, and respect in humans 4. the religious realm 5. the Holy 6. what is beyond the senses 7. the mysterious 8. the all powerful
Three attributes of Hermes as Hermes klaptein:
1. thievery 2. luck 3. grace
Hermes is the god of: (multiple correct answers possible):
1. thieves 2. heralds 3. graves 4. herdsmen
Why does Athena institute justice?: choose all correct answers:
1. to end moira 2. to end blood-revenge among mortals 3. to institute responsibility 4. to end curses among mortals 5. to institute a system of punishments and redemption
Choose all correct answers pertaining to ritual practice:
1. use of music or any rhythmic pattern 2. intoxication 3. sacrifice
The culture of shame in ancient Greece:
1. was public 2. included family curses 3. was based on moira 4. preceded the culture of guilt 5. included blood revenge as justified
The meaning of the term metaphysical:
1. what lies outside of scientific perception 2. beyond the physical
The Theban Trilogy consists of these tragedies (choose three):
1."Oedipus Tyrannus" 2. "Antigone" 3."Oedipus at Colonus"
What do Dionysus and Demeter have in common?:
the feminine
What takes place at the beginning of the Iliad?
the feud between Agamemnon and Achilles
Choose all correct answers that pertain to the Greek gods:
the greek gods were immortal
A key theme in the interpretation of the myth of Pygmalion:
the impossibility of negating the Dionysian impulse in humans
Celestial body connected to Dionysus' mother:
the moon
What celestial body was Poseidon connected to?:
the moon
A key theme in the interpretation of the myth of Cupid and Psyche:
the mysterious bridegroom
A key themes in the story of Cupid and Psyche that is repeated in fairy tales, folk stories, and literature:
the mysterious nature of sleep
Appellation of Zeus
1. "All powerful" 2. "Shaker of Earth" 2. "Lord"
How did Odysseus disguise himself when reaching Ithaca?
a beggar
Aphrodite's appellation(s): choose all correct answers:
1. "born of the sea" 2. "celestial" 3. "earthly" 4. "of the magic girdle"
Hera's appellation(s)
1. "cow-eyed" 2. "goddess of marriage"
What transgression did the mortal Tantalus perform to earn his punishment by the gods?:
he served his son to them
What is the name given to the human condition that is illustrated in the story of Oedipus?:
the Oedipal complex
Poseidon's appellation(s): choose all correct answers:
1. "lord of the deep" 2. "tamer of horses" 3. "rock" 4. "god of oracles" 5. "rescuers of ships"
According to Plato, the source of all things in the universe:
the One
The concept of the holy which affects awe, fear, and respect in humans:
the Sacred
What work of Plato provides the most profound analysis of the manifold nature and power of love?:
the Symposium
What event precipitated the sacrifice of Iphigenia?
the Trojan war
Athena's emblem and armor:
the aegis ("goat-skin")
What is the metaphoric interpretation of Demeter's anger:
the anger of women for the violence and violation of men
A key theme in the interpretation of the myth of Aphrodite and Anchises:
the debilitation of the male as he fertilizes the female
Principal theme in the Mycenean saga:
the establishment of justice
How did Hermes' finally befriend Apollo?:
through music
A common natural event that would have influenced the fear of Zeus by mortals:
thunder and lightning
The etymology of "cult":
to cultivate
The etymology of "mystery":
"initiation"
What is the etymology of the word "cult"?
to cultivate
Athena's appellation(s): choose all correct answers:
1. "owl eyed" 2. "glaukopis" 3. "grey-blue eyed" 4. "Pallas Athena" 5. "of the aegis" 6. "mourning Athena"
The etymology of Poseidon:
"Lord of the Water"
What did Odysseus say was his name to Polyphemus?
"Outis"
What is the best source for the meaning and interpretation of the Dionysian cult?:
"The Bacchae" of Euripides
At the end of the story of Hippolytus, was is Artemis' judgment?:
"The gods have no joy in the deaths of the good and the reverent but those who are wicked we destroy, children, house and all."
What was Penelope's usual epithet?
"periphron," "circumspect "
pharmakon:
"poison and cure"
Etymology of "cult":
"to cultivate"
apotropaic:
"to turn away"
Fought on the side of Zeus during the Titanomachy:
1. Prometheus 2. Themis 3. Hecatonchires 4. Cyclopes
What creatures did Poseidon claim to have fathered: choose all correct answers:
1. Sea creatures 2. Sea monsters 3. Sea nymphs 4. Medusa 5. Gorgons 6. Scylla and Charybdis 7. the Sirens 8. the Sphinx
Choose all correct appellations for Athena:
1. Tritogeneia 2. glaukopis 3. owl-eyed 4. Pallas
Choose all correct definitions for the term aporia:
1. a contradiction 2. a paradox 3. a problem without a clear solution 4. a question without a clear and definitive answer
Choose all correct answer pertaining to the term aesthetics:
1. a religious concept in Ancient Greece 2. the study and analysis of beauty 3. based on proportion and ratios 4. the philosophy of beauty
According to the ancient Greeks, myths are: choose all correct answers:
1. always based on truth 2. a retelling of something that happened
Choose all correct answers that pertain to Greek religion:
1. anthropomorphic 2. genealogical 3. polytheistic
Nature of Greek Gods
1. anthropomorphic 2. immortal
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Greek religion and the Greek gods:
1. anthropomorphic 2. rational and irrational 3. affected by Moira 4. immortal
What are Penelope's principal qualities as a character?: Choose all correct answers:
1. arete 2. wisdom 3. self-control
Choose all correct attributes of Poseidon:
1. arrogant 2. bisexual 3. unpredictable 4. almost as powerful as Zeus
Why was the horse so significant to Poseidon?:
1. because horses had the strongest energy of any animal according to the Greeks 2. because Poseidon claimed to have fathered horses
Characteristics of Poseidon's nature:
1. boastful 2. impulsiveness
Choose all correct qualities of Poseidon:
1. boastful 2. jealous 3. impulsive
Two key attributes of Hermes:
1. breaker of taboos 2. god of transgressions
Choose all correct answers that pertain a ritual:
1. can be violent 2. marks a transition or a threshold 3. often includes music, dancing, and intoxication 4. repetitive 5. rhythmical 6. is generally presided by an extra-ordinary person 7. follows rules and parameters
Qualities of the Apollonian: (choose all correct answers):
1. civilization 2. wisdom 3. light 4. ethics 5. intellect 6. morality 7. reason
What does Telemachus eventually gain by the end of the Odyssey? Choose all correct answers:
1. courage 2. independence 3. wisdom
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Prometheus:
1. cunning 2. realistic 3. rebellious
What were some of the inventions of the ancient Greeks?:
1. democracy 2. aesthetics 3. philosophy 4. drama
Characteristics of Aphrodite's nature: Choose all correct answers:
1. earthly and human-like 2. jealous 3. unable to fall in love with mortals 4. double natured 5. celestial and divine
Choose all correct definitions for the term moira:
1. fate 2. what the Gods have given you at birth: "the hand you were dealt" 3. literally, "a portion" 4. what the Gods have decided
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Apollo's nature:
1. god of light 2. tragic lover 3. god of limits
Choose all correct answers pertaining to Hermes' nature:
1. god of thieves 2. flatterer 3. intelligent 4. smart 5. ingenuity 6. god of commerce 7. trickery 8. cunning 9. sexual
What is necessary for their to be justice?:
1. guilt 2. personal choice 3. free will 4. responsibility
What was the source of the curse on the descendants of Pelops?:
the chariot race between Pelops and Oenomaüs
What is the etymology of the word "culture"?
to cultivate
Who was fatally wounded in the heel by Paris?:
Achilles
Temple complex dedicated to Athena:
Acropolis
Clytemnestra's lover:
Aegisthus
Who accompanies Oedipus is his exile from Thebes?: choose all correct answers:
Antigone
Which god was responsible for the plague that the Greeks troops suffered at the beginning of the Iliad?:
Apollo
The art of interpretation attributed to Hermes:
hermeneutics
Literally, "sacred marriage":
hieros gamos
Son of Apollo and god of medicine:
Asclepius
Poseidon battled with this god over the dominion of a major city in Greece:
Athena
In this myth, Athena display's her jealously:
Athena and Arachne
What city is Poseidon and Athena connected to?:
Athens
The sons of Pelops who quarreled over the kingdom of Mycenae (choose two):
Atreus
City connected to the cult of Demeter:
Eleusis
In the Mycenean saga, curses are no longer a part of human affairs.
False
The motivation behind Tantalus' actions is quite clear.
False
In the story of Apollo and Hyacinthus, what did Apollo neglect to be with the Spartan youth?:
his duties as a god
In the myth of Aphrodite and Anchises, what was Anchises afraid of?:
his sexual depletion due to having intercourse with a goddess
In the story of Antigone, what is the principal conflict?:
human law vs. divine law
What is the key issue in "Antigone"?:
human vs. divine laws
Sacrificed by Agamemnon:
Iphigenia
Who was sacrificed at Aulis by Agamemnon?
Iphigenia
Formulated notion of the Hero's Journey:
Joseph Campbell
Who was Helen's husband?
Menelaus
Who cursed Pelops?:
Myrtilus
Who found Odysseus on the seashore of the Island of the Phaeacians after his raft was destroyed?
Nausicaä
Along with Nestor, the second great war councilor and orator was:
Odysseus
In the story of Oedipus, who is the most ironic character?
Oedipus
Who causes Echo to be torn to pieces so that only her voice remained?
Pan
The main temple on Acropolis dedicated to Athena:
Parthenon
In the version by Pindar, who fell in love with Pelops?:
Poseidon
Escorted by Hermes, who makes his way to the hut of Achilles, and there ransoms Hector?:
Priam
In the story of Hermaphroditus, the name of the magical fountain at the center of the story:
Salmacis
Which evil did Odysseus choose to confront when passing the wandering rocks?
Scylla
What did Achilles' mother do to try to make him immortal?
She dipped his body in the river Styx
The Theban Trilogy was written by:
Sophocles
the term for a story about the genealogy of the gods
Theogony
Who instilled desire for a mortal within the heart of Aphrodite?:
Zeus
What was Apollo's essential age?:
a man in the flower of youth
What type of story is the Odyssey?:
a nostoi
Who were the Laestrygonians?
a race of giant cannibals
What animal was used by Hermes to create the lyre?:
a tortoise
The study and analysis of beauty:
aesthetics
What was Poseidon in terms of the family aporia?:
an kind of uncle
How did the Sirens tempt Odysseus?
by promising the gift of knowledge
the power of the Caduceus:
causes men to sleep or wake up as Hermes wills
A key theme in the interpretation of the myth of Pygmalion:
creativity as a fulfillment of desire
A key theme in the interpretation of the myth of Aphrodite and Adonis:
death and resurrection
A key principle in Greek thought (means a division or contrast between two things):
dichotomy
A key concept in Greek thought: the conception of concepts and ideas into opposites:
dichtomy
What does arete mean?
excellence
A dichotomy that the ancient Greeks held as a key principle was Good vs. Evil.
false
According to the ancient Greeks, the universe is divided into Good vs Evil.
false
Greek mythology concentrates on the rational side of human nature.
false
In Greek mythology, conflicts are usually resolved at the end of the myth.
false
In ancient cultures, a god was someone who was believed to be provide comfort and compassion.
false
In the myths of Hermes, does he often lie?
false
Like all Greek myths, the story of Cupid and Psyche does not have a happy ending.
false
Religion has always been about having a personal relationship with god(s).
false
The ancient Greeks believed an individual's life was shaped by the choices he or she made during their life.
false
The ancient Greeks believed that every individual was responsible for their own actions.
false
The ancient Greeks believed that justice was a universal idea that had existed throughout the ages.
false
The ancient Greeks believed that the irrational was a corruption of the human mind.
false
The themes in the myth of Cupid and Psyche are very rare among human stories and folktales.
false
Then ancient Greeks believed the world was rational and predictable.
false
The opposite of moira:
free-will
What do the furies represent in terms of Orestes?:
guilt and shame
In the story of Oedipus, what is the principal interpretation of the role of irony?:
humans are always aware of their own secrets
What did Calypso promise Odysseus in exchange for his love?
immortality
Plato's theory of love:
in quite compatible with modern physics
What was the source of Adonis' birth?:
incest
In the history of the rulers of Thebes, what is a critical issue that is raised concerning human beings?:
individual responsibility
According to the ancient Greeks, the function of history is to: choose all correct answers:
is to teach about past mistakes so that you will not repeat them.
How was Oedipus' role in the revelation of the truth concerning the plague in Thebes ironic?:
it was Oedipus who was adamant about finding out the truth
What did the Greeks do after sacking Troy?:
killed its male inhabitants
Original name of Persephone:
kore: "girl"
What plant or tree was Apollo significantly connected to?:
laurel
Apollo was the god of:
limits
A key theme in the interpretation of the myth of Aphrodite and Anchises:
love and desire conquer all, even the gods
According to Plato:
love is literally the energy of the universe
Athena's essential age:
maiden
"madness":
mania
What links myth and ritual?
metaphor
Literally, "beyond the physical":
metaphysical
The Greek term for disease, pestilence, or pollution:
miasma
A theme in the myths of Artemis that is a key interpretation of her nature:
misandry
The opposite of free-will, according to the Greeks:
moira
A key dichotomy in ancient Greece:
moira vs. free will
According to Plato, everything in the universe is:
moving
What is the profound analogy at the heart of humanity's invention of agriculture?:
nature is a woman
Meaning "navel," & kept at the sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi:
omphalos
Apollo was deeply associated with:
oracles
The anthropomorphizing of non-human creatures, natural forces, or concepts:
personification
A key power attributed to Hermes:
phallic
An attribute of Athena, meaning "practical wisdom":
phronesis
The term for the most profound and oldest questions that humans have asked:
primordials
What is the term for the most fundamental and profound questions that humans have always asked?:
primordials
A key concept in Greek thought, means "with measure":
proportion
According to Plato, beauty is based on:
proportion
A key principle in Greek thought (means "with measure"):
proportion or symmetry
From what interpretive structure does the Oedipus complex originate?:
psychoanalysis
What type of interpretive structure has been used to understand the story od Oedipus?:
psychoanalysis
What is a key theme in "Oedipus at Colonus":
redemption
What is/are the principal theme(s) of Oedipus at Colonus?: choose all correct answers:
redemption
What emotion did Oedipus experience when he heard the taunts that spread through Thebes that he was not Polybus' natural son?:
shame
What did Calypso eventually do?
she helped Odysseus built a raft to sail home
Why was Artemis known as the goddess of childbirth?:
she helped deliver her twin brother Apollo
What was the trial of the bow?
string it and shoot an arrow through 12 axes
What interpretative model based on psychoanalysis explains Electra's motivation?:
the Electra complex
Why was the laurel sacred to Apollo?:
the Greek word "daphne" means laurel
What symbol of peace did Athena place on the Acropolis?:
the olive tree
What part of the theater was linked to circle rituals invented by Dionysus?:
the orchestra
A key metaphoric interpretation of Artemis' sacred grove:
the sacred grove as the female body
What is the principal theme of the Theban Saga?:
the shift from shame to guilt
Aesthetics is:
the study of beauty
A key theme in the interpretation of the myth of Aphrodite and Adonis:
the theme of the Great Mother and her lover
The abduction Chrysippus violated what ancient code?:
the ties of guest and host
A key theme in the interpretation of the myth of Cupid and Psyche:
the triumph of romantic love
According to Plato:
the universe is moved by the power of Eros
Why was the reason for Aphrodite's rage in the story of Pygmalion?:
the women of Cyprus who refused to admit her divinity
According to Plato, when humans fall in love:
their souls vibrate in harmony
According to Plato, when humans fall in love:
they experience unforgetting
Soon after his birth, what did Dionysus undertake?:
travels to eastern lands
Hermes was the god of commerce.
true
In general, the ancient Greeks believed that everything was decided and predetermined by the Gods.
true
The contest between Athena and Arachne:
weaving
The interpretation of Artemis' femininity:
women's need for men's protection
What was the effect of eating the lotus-fruit?:
you forgot everything else and only wished to stay