HUM2020 Final Exam

Jackson Pollock's action paintings are considered examples of this art movement:

Abstract Expressionism

What Athenian playwright wrote Lysistrata (a comedy)?

Aristophanes

The hero of _________, an Anglo-Saxon epic poem, battles Grendel and a dragon:

Beowulf

This experimental art college was founded in 1933 in North Carolina:

Black Mountain College

Which of the following was NOT considered to be a good emperor:

Commodus

In what collection is Mihály Munkácsy's The last moments of Mozart displayed today?

Detroit Institute of Arts

Las Meninas was painted by:

Diego Velázquez

The first deathbed paintings and prints of Mozart appeared in 1828.

False

One of the primary goals of the poets and artists of the _________________________ was one of race consciousness, of pride and understanding of what it meant to be black in America.

Harlem Renaissance

A French mathematician; he said: "I think, therefore I am."

Rene Descartes

Which culture typically used concrete in their temple structures?

Romans

This Dominican preached reform, organizing a children's police and the Bonfires of the Vanities:

Savonarola

Christo and Jeanne-Claude are famous for what type of art:

Site-Specific Art

This beat generation writer published On The Road:

Jack Kerouac

This artist depicted a mirror in the background of the Arnolfini Double Portrait:

Jan van Eyck

The greatest High Renaissance composer was:

Josquin Des Prez

Hagia Sophia was constructed during the reign of this Byzantine emperor:

Justinian

This diplomat wrote The Prince:

Machiavelli

What had Harry never written about (that "one story he had saved to write")?

"About the half-wit chore boy who was left at the ranch that time and told not to let anyone get any hay, and that old bastard from the Forks who had beaten the boy when he had worked for him stopping to get some feed. The boy refusing and the old man saying he would beat him again. The boy got the rifle from the kitchen and shot him when he tried to come into the barn and when they came back to the ranch he'd been dead a week, frozen in the corral, and the dogs had eaten part of him. But what was left you packed on a sled wrapped in a blanket and roped on and you got the boy to help you haul it, and the two of you took it out over the road on skis, and sixty miles down to town to turn the boy over. He having no idea that he would be arrested. Thinking he had done his duty and that you were his friend and he would be rewarded. He'd helped to haul the old man in so everybody could know how bad the old man had been and how he'd tried to steal some feed that didn't belong to him, and when the sheriff put the handcuffs on the boy he couldn't believe it. Then he'd started to cry. That was one story he had saved to write."

How does Bertha seek to hide the couple's difference in age once they move to western France?

"Away from all tell-tale chroniclers, she sought to decrease the apparent disparity of our ages by a thousand feminine arts — rouge, youthful dress and assumed juvenility of manner."

____________ seems to have been Dürer's favorite author.

Martin Luther

____________ opened a portrait studio and took photos of Paris from his not air balloon:

Nadar

The Byzantine Empire came to an end when Constantinople was sacked by:

Ottoman Turks

The buildings on the Athenian Acropolis replace temples destroyed by the ________________ when they invaded Greece.

Persians

What events in the 1960s and 1970s reawakened popular interest in Hildegard of Bingen? Discuss three of them.

1) Reawakened popular interest began with the publication in 1965 of a German translation of her letters, followed in 1969 by the song texts together with their neumatic notation in an Austrian edition. The evolution of feminist studies from this time and the research into women's history in academic quarters reawakened interest in Hildegard. 2) Second came the 800th anniversary of her death in 1979, marked by the first recordings of selections from her songs, originally by a choir of German nuns at the abbey dedicated to her name in Eibingen and the Helga Weber Ensemble of Hamburg. 3) Hildegard became a revered cult figure at this level because the intricate and arcane character of her celestial visions mingled shreds of biblical and pagan imagery, numerology, and Neoplatonism. She was seen less as an abbess than a medieval shaman.

What are the four steps of the critical thinking process?

1. Ask questions (identify problem) 2. Gather evidence 3. Make an interpretation 4. Compare to standard interpretations

The Confederate States of America included _______ states:

11

How long did Usher intend to preserve the corpse of his sister in one of the vaults?

14 days

The "Age of Enlightenment" is a moniker for which century:

18th

When did the stock market crash and usher in The Great Depression:

1929

The ____________ were a decade of protest and social justice in the United States.

1960s

When did the Berlin Wall fall?

1989

Hildegard wrote ______ books.

3

What age was Bertha when the protagonist states that their "situation became intolerable":?

50

How many complete French Gothic ivory caskets still exist today?

8

The rituals referred to as 'Hours' were, by Benedictine rules, performed ________ times a day by monks and nuns.

8

What is a bravo? How did Cesare Veccellio describe one?

A "bravo" is a mercenary. Cesare Veccellio explains that they "frequently vary their dress, and are always dueling ... They serve this or that master for money, swearing and bullying without provocation, and committing all kind of scandals and murders."

What is compilatio and what was its purpose?

A compilation is the grouping of diverse texts in manuscripts around specific themes to make an overarching statement. The purpose is to present a summary of thinking on a given subject in an easily consulted form for activities like lecturing and preaching.

What was the lingua ignota?

A metaphysical language for use inside the convent being a vocabulary of 900 names for earthly and heavenly entities, together with a special alphabet of 23 characters

What is a studiolo and how were they used during the Renaissance?

A studiolo was known as a study or a room for a private conversation. A studiolo was also known as a room to place collections of fine books and art objects, often lavishly decorated, dedicated to reading, studying, and writing. It is generally of a relatively private character. (Italian, meaning little studio)

According to the article, how are the humanities vital to public life?

According to Richard J. Franke, "The humanities are vital to public life; they help us imagine the consequences of our actions and give us tools to make informed policy decisions. Even more, the moral, aesthetic, and spiritual discoveries of the humanities reveal what is common to the human experience and provide the foundation for a successful and fulfilling life." The sciences give us the how, the humanities give us the conscience to say if we should. It also gives us a historical perspective on if this would be good for society.

What does the protagonist in The Mortal Immortal do (against Cornelius's wishes) after he is rejected by Bertha for another man?

After the protagonist is rejected by Bertha, he goes against Cornelius's wishes and drinks the liquid after Cornelius specifically told him not to.

This "Father of Modern Science" developed the theory of relativity:

Albert Einstein

This "Leonardo of the North" designed and published art books such as The Apocalypse:

Albrecht Dürer

_____________________________ was the father of modern photography.

Alfred Stieglitz

Why does the narrator go to visit Usher?

All of the above (because he was sent a letter asking him to visit because they had been friends since they were boys because Usher had been feeling ill and distressed lately)

__________________ is famous for his silk-screened images of Marilyn Monroe, Elvis, and Campbell's soup cans.

Andy Warhol

This son of a violinist composed numerous concertos, including The Four Seasons:

Antonio Vivaldi

Willie Bester was a vocal critic of ______________ (government-sponsored racial separation in South Africa):

Apartheid

Giotto painted a fresco cycle for the _________ chapel in Padua

Arena

Giotto painted a fresco cycle for the _________ chapel in Padua.

Arena

Match the terms associated with the monotheistic religions with their meanings/characteristics:

Ark of the Covenant-container for the 10 commandments Dead Sea Scrolls- copies of the Hebrew Bible made by a radical Jewish sect synagogue- place where the Torah scrolls were stored and studied Judaism- this form of monotheism arose from the Near Eastern people called the Israelites Christianity- Jesus' last days are a pivotal moment for this monotheistic religion Islam- views Muhammad as the last and greatest of the prophets Kaaba- Muslims face this "cube" located in Mecca whey they pray calligraphy- a significant visual art in the Islamic world

How did music help to maintain Elizabeth's illusion of eternal youth?

As music was associated particularly with young, unmarried women, it also had a role in maintaining Elizabeth's illusion of eternal youth as she aged. Elizabeth continued her performances as she grew old.

How does Harry think he destroyed his talent? What is his profession?

At first, Harry tried to blame Helen for his waste of talent. Upon further self-reflection, he understood that his lack of progress with his writing was his own fault due to laziness, sloth, procrastination, excessive drinking, prejudice, and by hook and crook. "He had destroyed his talent by not using it, by betrayals of himself and what he believed in, by drinking so much that he blunted the edge of his perceptions, by laziness, by sloth, and by snobbery, by pride, and by prejudice, by hook, and by crook.

There was only one god (monotheism) during the rule of Akhenaton. This god was:

Aton

___________________ was the ultimate, suffering Romantic musical genius (he went deaf):

Beethoven

What did Cervantes write before Don Quixote?

Before writing Don Quixote, Cervantes wrote twenty-three plays and a pastoral romance called Galatea.

This Cistercian celebrity was appalled by the ornateness of Benedictine churches and addressed monastic excess in a letter to another monk:

Bernard of Clairvaux

This architect and sculptor designed the piazza in front on the Vatican:

Bernini

Which of these baroque works best realizes the attempt to combine different arts in a single, dramatically unified whole?

Bernini's Cornaro Chapel

A ___________ Greek vase had one black-figure side and one red-figure side.

Bilingual

This 1960s American singer-songwriter is recognized for his many protest songs such as "The Times They are a-Changin'.":

Bob Dylan

How did Boethius distinguish between musical judgment and practical skill in music? Which was more highly regarded?

Boethius distinguished performers with physical skill but little understanding of music and composers who compose songs by natural instinct from those with the ability to judge music. Those with the ability to judge music were more highly regarded as this required reason and intellect.

What architect was first designated to rebuild St. Peter's in Rome and also designed the classical temple named the "Tempietto"?

Bramante

During the Industrial Revolution, __________became the most prosperous of the industrial nations and used their royal navy to protect trade.

Britain

What bronze object covered with gold symbols do archaeologists believe to be the oldest known portable instrument to mark solstices?

Bronze Nebra Sky Disk

__________________'s 1959 article was the starting point for a debate about the lack of exchange between the sciences and the humanities.

C. P. Snow

In carrying the technique of chiaroscuro (dramatic light and shadow) to the cities of Florence and Naples, Artemisia Gentileschi spread the influence of what artist?

Caravaggio

How does the deception taking in Caravaggio's The Cardsharps and The Fortune Teller relate to the senses of sight and touch?

Caravaggio's contemporaries would have also noted that the duplicity pictured in The Fortune Teller and The Cardsharps parlayed the two most important senses: sight and touch. The two senses are especially thought to arouse lust. The trickery in both depends on both sight and touch. In the Fortune Teller, the acts of the Gypsy are freighted with eroticism and in the Cardsharps, the fingertips of the ruffian are sight and touch incarnate.

What attitude does Cervantes seem to have towards his main character?

Cervantes seems to have a negative attitude towards Don Quixote. For example, the narrator never tires of reminding us that the hero is officially insane. I think That Cervantes considered Don Quixote to be a fool, and his tone was one of ridicule for a man who had lost his senses.

How does Cervantes' friend propose to solve the author's problem of writing a fitting prologue for the work?

Cervantes' friend's proposal to solve the problem of writing a fitting prologue involved adding Latin phrases in the appropriate places, giving false names and titles to eulogies and sonnets, and transferring author citations from another work. Ultimately, his friend's proposed solution would make the prologue seem more scholarly and professional as long as Cervantes used academic language in his explanations and followed this format through the entire prologue.

____________ united Western Europe and created a "culture of the book" at his court in Aachen, Germany.

Charlemagne

Which of the following is NOT true about the Canterbury Tales?

Chaucer only completed 102 of the planned 120 tales before his death

This stoic lawyer, orator, and politician sought to save the Roman Republic from dictatorship during the rule of Julius Caesar:

Cicero

The Florentine painter ______________ is considered the last painter of the Middle Ages.

Cimabue

This feminist photographer is best known for her Untitled Film Stills series:

Cindy Sherman

He invented opera with his production of Orfeo:

Claudio Monteverdi

This Roman monument documents a Roman emperor's two campaigns against the Dacians:

Column of Trajan

This ancient Chinese philosopher from the Spring and Autumn Period emphasized the citizen's responsibility within society and respect for one's parents: ______________

Confucius

_________ issued the Edict of Milan in 313 CE.

Constantine

This meeting, the Catholic response to the Protestant Reformation, scrutinized church doctrine, censored books, and prescribed artistic standards: _______________

Council of Trent

How is the romance of Lancelot and Guinevere an example of courtly love?

Courtly love emphasized a knight offering his love and service to a married noble woman. Often, the tales describe a knight enthralled with a woman to the point where he is willing to face any hardship for his beloved. Lancelot's actions mark him as the perfect courtly lover. Love drives Lancelot to ignore wounds to his body when crossing the sword bridge, to ride in a cart reserved for social outcasts, and to fight poorly at a tournament because of Guinevere's request.

This ancient Aegean culture is known for its marble violin or fiddle figurines:

Cycladic

This controversial British artist often preserved dead animals in his works from the 1990s:

Damien Hirst

Match the following

Daniel Defoe wrote one of the first great English novels Diderot edited the Encyclopedia Rousseau political philosopher; wrote Emile Herman Melville wrote a novel wherein Captain Ahab hunts a white whale to whom he has lost his leg

Which of the following is NOT considered a work of Neoclassicism:

Death of Sardanapalus

This northern humanist thinker opposed Martin Luther and wrote In Praise of Folly: __________________

Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus

Define metafiction:

Dictionary definition: "fiction in which the author self-consciously alludes to the artificiality or literariness of a work by parodying or departing from novelistic conventions (especially naturalism) and traditional narrative techniques." Meta: About. Meaning that this is fiction about fiction. Fiction that thinks and talks about itself. Metafiction is the author making sure the reader knows that his /her story or play is fictional and the author knowingly draws attention to the fact that it is being made up. An example could be the old saying by your parents: "I brought you into the word, I can take you out." The author created that fiction and wants you to know they are responsible for that fictional perspective. Metafiction is fiction that is about fiction. It is a form of fiction that emphasizes its own construction in a way that will continually remind the reader to be aware that they are reading or viewing a fictional work. The author self-consciously alludes to the artificiality or literariness of a work by parodying or departing from novelistic conventions (especially naturalism) and traditional narrative techniques.

Ancient Greek theater developed out of the cult of __________, the god of wine and fertility.

Dionysus

This first example of the modern novel was written by Cervantes:

Don Quixote

Where does Don Quixote place blame for his loss and beating at the hands of the mule driver?

Don Quixote places blame on his steed or horse for his loss and beating at the hands of the mule driver.

The first freestanding bronze nude sculpture since Roman antiquity is attributed to what Florentine?

Donatello

The deeds of Renaissance condottieri would be most relevant to a discussion of what work?

Donatello's Equestrian Statue of Gattamelata

Discuss the "final category of collecting" addressed by Chipps Smith.

Du ̈rer self-collected. Most artists keep some of their own creations. We are sometimes better informed in Durer's case because of the known provenances of his oeuvre, such as the portraits of his parents or his own self-portraits, and sometimes because of information that he himself provided.

In Harlem, ________________ played at The Cotton Club and introduced the term swing:

Duke Ellington

What did Dürer add to his drawings that was unusual at the time?

Durer monogrammed and dated his drawings which was highly unusual in Germany at the time.

How was Dürer's collecting a means of self-definition as a peer of other artists?

Durer's collecting was a means of self-definition as a peer of other artists because through his inscriptions and certainly other now-lost drawings, Durer defined his connections, or his artistic lineage, with several major masters.

Which of these figures was most influential in the development of the codes and customs of courtly love?

Eleanor of Aquitaine

The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) was fought between:

England and France

What Elizabethan political issues does the author think Sir John Davies was evoking in his poem with the phrases "harsh tunes" and "troubled Ayer"?

England's war with Spain, famines, the outbreaks of plague and influenza, high unemployment, and uncertainties caused by the Queen's refusal to name her successor.

Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson is an example of:

Environmental Art

The Mystery Knight represented on the Metropolitan casket could be the old knight _______________.

Enyas

This epic is the oldest known narrative poem and documents the exploits of an ancient Sumerian king.

Epic of Gilgamesh

The philosophy of __________________ aimed to make happiness possible by removing the fear of death and argued that there is no life after death.

Epicureanism

The Old Man and the Sea was written by:

Ernest Hemingway

Very little archaeological evidence survives for ____________ temples due to them being constructed mostly of wattle-and-daub.

Etruscan

Which culture used the Tuscan form of the Doric Column?

Etruscan

Which culture used the roofline to display the gods and heroes in their religious mythology?

Etruscan

Which culture is celebrated for building the temple commonly referred to as the Portonaccio Temple at Veii?

Etruscans

This great American "Jazz Age" writer published The Great Gatsby:

F. Scott Fitzgerald

The New Deal was developed by ______________, arguably one of the greatest presidents in American history.

FDR

A new interpretation of a novel would mean that previous interpretations are wrong.

False

Edgar Allan Poe produced a novel-length masterpiece that defines him to this day.

False

Francis Challoner and Lodowick Lloyd supported music and dancing being a significant component of Elizabeth's court.

False

Help arrives in time to save Harry's life.

False

Lute performances were public spectacles.

False

Music was one of the talents expected of all young women during the Renaissance.

False

Richard Witts believes that Hildegard of Bingen absolutely composed the 77 songs credited to her name.

False

The Cardsharps was a commissioned painting for Cardinal del Monte.

False

The Metropolitan casket's presentation of Tristan and Isolde's tryst beneath the tree is found in one surviving textual version.

False

The double impalement of Pyramus and Thisbe represented on the Metropolitan casket matches the verbal text.

False

To restore order, Diocletian established rule of the Early Roman Empire by the tetrarchs.

False

We have evidence that Hans Baldung Grien and Albrecht Altdorfer both collected antique coins.

False

______________ prized nation, race, and ethnic pride over individual freedoms:

Fascism

Matisse was an artists associated with this "wild beasts" movement:

Fauvism

Works by the Guerrilla Girls would be considered examples of this art movement:

Feminist Art

____________ was a political and military system involving a contract between an aristocrat/lord and his vassals. This system flourished from the 9th to 15th centuries.

Feudalism

What two striking assumptions does "The Two Cultures" make about the sciences?

First, Snow assumes that the sciences offer tangible benefits to society and that scientists and engineers do their research with these benefits in mind. Second, Snow assumes the general public understands that the sciences have a clear and social purpose, especially in biology, medicine, and mechanics. (Snow assumes that scientists always act with integrity that will benefit the general public. Snow also assumes that the general public understands and is educated enough to understand the information being presented to them as an educated cohort or peer group.)

How does the author of this article compare Mihály Munkácsy's The last moments of Mozart with Munkácsy's Milton dictating 'Paradise Lost' to his daughters?

Firstly, the similarity of the central figures ' physical appearance and attitude is striking: Milton is blind but burning with creative fire, head bowed in his creative exertions, his hands animated; Mozart's inward gaze (blind to his surroundings) and raised arm, also ' dictating ' his masterpiece. Even their slightly disheveled hair is similar. Just as Milton — the ' blind seer ' — is bestowing authority on his great work, even if not in his own hand, so Mozart is bestowing his authorial intention onto Süssmayr and his musician colleagues with the Requiem.

What Roman building served as a setting for great public entertainment—gladiatorial combats and slaughters of animals?

Flavian Amphitheater

Which two artists are most closely associated with the rococo style in art?

Francois Boucher and Fragonard

The best known architect of the 20th century, he invented the "prairie style" house:

Frank Lloyd Wright

_________________ published Interpretation of Dreams in 1900 and opened the subject of human sexuality to public discussion.

Freud

This art movement began as a literary movement, glorified war as a social cleansing agent, and was interested in the speed and dynamism of modern technology:

Futurism

This Italian astronomer improved the telescope and was forced to retire by the church:

Galileo Galilei

__________ was a leader of non-violent protest in India as they struggled against British rule.

Gandhi

What does Georges de La Tour's The Cheat with the Ace of Clubs add to the scene of gambling (How does it differ from The Cardsharps?)? https://www.kimbellart.org/collection/ap-198106 (Links to an external site.)

Georges De La Tour introduces women and wine at the gambling table presenting a scene of indulgence, and a banquet of senses. The painting succeeds at showing the game of deception, but it is the seductive quality of the paint and the joy in painting the clothing in a lavish manner that brings out La Tour's genius. Pictorially, La Tour's is quite different from Caravaggio's painting, but it succeeds brilliantly at the game of deception. With the introduction of women and wine at the gambling table, La Tour's painting recalls earlier representations of The Prodigal Son. Going beyond Caravaggio in this respect, he presents the scene as a riot of indulgence and a banquet of the senses.

This "Father of Art History" published the Lives of the Artists:

Giorgio Vasari

Which of the following is NOT an example of Mannerism?

Giorgione's Tempest

This Italian composer was a superstar of opera:

Giuseppe Verdi

Featuring rose windows and stained glass, Chartres Cathedral is a ____________ building:

Gothic

What defines a Gothic story according to the author?

Gothic stories are defined by a central symbol, an icon, that is an architectural structure or building such as a haunted house, decaying castle, or moldering old estate. Within the confines of this mysterious building are found long; decadent family histories and atrocities augmented by the supernatural. This setting provides the vehicle to examine the inner workings of the individual and society alike.

Which culture employed the peristyle most consistently in their temple structure?

Greek

Which culture was obsessed with the notion of Balance, Harmony, and Proportion in their religious temples?

Greek

Which culture is celebrated for building the temple commonly referred to as the Parthenon?

Greeks

__________ were attracted to the Etruscan coast of Italy by abundant metal ore that the Etruscans mined and controlled.

Greeks

Which culture (cultures) used the continuous frieze to display religious and philosophical mythology in their temples?

Greeks and Romans

This Mesopotamian king is remembered for his "eye for an eye" law code:

Hammurabi

Which individual crossed the Alps during the Punic Wars and brought war to Roman soil?

Hannibal of Carthage

What is killing Harry and what mistakes does he describe in the way they nursed the wound?

Harry scratched his leg trying to photograph a herd of waterbuck. He developed gangrene of the right leg after not properly disinfecting the wound with iodine after he scratched it. He also applied a weak carbolic solution when the other antiseptics ran out which failed to stop the infection from spreading to his blood vessels. He also worked under the assumption that it wouldn't be a big deal because he wasn't prone to infection. "I suppose what I did was to forget to put iodine on it when I first scratched it. Then I didn't pay any attention to it because I never infect. Then, later, when it got bad, it was probably using that weak carbolic solution when the other antiseptics ran out that paralyzed the minute blood vessels and started the gangrene."

Match the following terms

Helen "the woman" Compton Pilot of the plane intended to take Harry back to the city Molo a servant who brings whiskey and sodas

The Victorian genre painter ___________ created paintings depicting the last moments of both Raphael and Mozart.

Henry Nelson O'Neill

This English ruler famously started the Anglican Church so he could get divorced

Henry VIII

The Aztec Empire of Mexico was conquered by:

Hernan Cortes

This prominent nun was authorized to write theological books and documented her visions in illuminated manuscripts:

Hildegard of Bingen

Discuss three aspects of Mihály Munkácsy's The last moments of Mozart criticized in the 8 March 1886 review in the New York Times.

I think no tax of exaggeration can be attributed to a verdict of its being inferior to previous efforts in the same scale and train of thought by the same artist. Its great fault, and of necessity it is a grave one when the subject chosen is one of such extreme pathos and tender suggestion is that in M. Munkácsy's work there is no trace of emotion . . . 1) The critic finds fault with the poor work of this portrait in comparison to previous works by Munkácsy indicating a lack of emotion and finds the overall work inferior to previous attempts. The reviewer shows his frustration at what he takes to be the redundant and unconvincing role of Mozart's wife and son. 2) Mozart's wife Constanze's ' attitude bespeaks humility more than grief, and yet it does not look like the effect of her husband's music. In her hand, she crushes up a handkerchief, but in her eyes, there is no trace of tears. The boy is simply insignificant. The writer reserves his greatest criticism for the main figure of the composer, who he finds far from satisfying. 3) The reviewer continues with the description of Mozart: The sharp-cut features of extreme pallor are left clearly defined by the long flowing dark hair; the face shows fatigue; recent illness rather than approaching death. In short, Mozart does not seem to be dying. His very hands, although white and emaciated, are not trembling as indicative of pain or agony. One it raised up towards the singers as if to sustain a diminuendo, while the left one, holding a sheet of music, falls over the arm of the chair. The reviewer's dissatisfaction with the painting is more than just a consequence of not knowing the precise historical details from which the artist was working. He has, in fact, picked up on several anomalous aspects of the scene that stands out irrespective of Munkácsy's apparently meticulous historical reconstruction.

Explain how a Homeric siren threatened male self-control?

In Greek mythology, a siren was a composite creature (part woman and part bird). They used their enchanting singing and playing musical instruments to lure sailors to their deaths. The allure of the siren's song would make the men daft with desire and threaten their self-control.

What does Harry recall in the second flashback?

In the second flashback, Harry remembers quarreling in Paris and going to Constantinople and spending his time having sex with all kinds of women, (what he called whoring) and getting into fights. He also pined for his previous love who he saw everywhere he went. He slept with all of these women to assuage the loneliness he felt without her. After one fight, he decided to leave for Anatolia where poppies are grown for opium. He recalls how strange the opium made him feel. He seemed to see men wearing white ballet skirts and upturned shoes with pom-poms on them. He saw the officers shooting at the men with ballet skirts and upturned shoes as they ran. He saw such horrors that when he returned to Paris, he couldn't talk about it or write about it. In Paris, he met the Romanian Tristan Tzara who founded the Dada movement and who represented everything that Harry opposed. Harry "had never written any of this," but he'd like to write about it. He also received a reply to the letter to his first love but didn't open it when his wife asked him who it was from putting an end to that part of his life.

Which of the following was NOT a gothic storytelling predecessor of Shelley and Poe:

Interview with the Vampire

This Renaissance patron was pen-pals with Leonardo and collected paintings for her studiolo:

Isabella D'Este

Why did it take some time for Don Quixote to be recognized as an important literary work?

It took some time before Don Quixote was recognized as an important literary work because, in that period of established and well defined literary genres like the epic, tragedy, and pastoral romance, the unconventional combination of those elements in Don Quixote resulted in a work of considerable novelty, with the serious aspects hidden under a mocking surface.

This musical genius was one of the most important in the Protestant German world:

J.S. Bach

Napoleon offered this painter of the Oath of the Horatii the position of First Painter of the Empire:

Jacques-Louis David

This reformation leader believed in predestination and objected to religious images:

John Calvin

What charismatic figure rose to prominence during the period of Roman civil war through his military and administrative skills and then was assassinated for assuming too much power?

Julius Caesar

What is the name of the most sacred shrine of Islam, located in Mecca?

Kaaba

____________ is best known for her large-scale installations of silhouettes cut out of paper and applied to the gallery wall:

Kara Walker

Which of the following was discovered by Howard Carter:

King Tut's Tomb

What does Lady Madeline do to Roderick?

Lady Madeline "fell heavily inward upon the person of her brother, and in her violent and now final death-agonies, bore him to the floor a corpse, and a victim to the terrors he and anticipated." Lady Madeline fell upon her brother and they both fell to the floor dead.

Match the knight with the event/activity:

Lancelot- Sword Bridge Gawain -Bed of Marvels Mystery Knight- fights the Wild Man Galahad -visits the Castle of Maidens

This Viking traveled to North America centuries before Columbus:

Leif Eriksson

Today we recognize _________________'s genius in his notes and drawings:

Leonardo

Explain how Leonardo's humanistic pursuits informed his scientific pursuits.

Leonardo used his knowledge of dissecting corpses to improve upon his sculptures of the human anatomy. He honed his powers of observation after given permission to dissect corpses at Santa Maria Nuova hospital in Florence. He used his habits of close inspection to improve upon his advances in optics and hydrodynamics.

______________ removed most of the architectural sculptures from the Athenian Parthenon. These sculptures reside in the collection of The British Museum today.

Lord Elgin

Who won the competition to decorate the doors of the Florence Cathedral Baptistery and spent the rest of his career engaged in this monumental project?

Lorenzo Ghiberti

The earliest genre scene painting of gambling seems to have been created by _________________________.

Lucas van Leyden

What book does the narrator read to Usher seven or eight days after placing Lady Madeline within the vault?

Mad Trist

Why did the Catholic church declare Elizabeth illegitimate?

Many Catholics did not accept the legitimacy of Henry's annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, which had allowed his union with Anne, who had been beheaded for adultery and in 1570 a Papal Bull of Excommunication had also declared Elizabeth illegitimate.

___________ rejected church control of access to salvation and published the 95 Theses:

Martin Luther

___________________ published Frankenstein when she was 19. Her Gothic novel is also considered one of the earliest examples of science fiction:

Mary Shelley

Match the following terms

Materialism belief that science, technology, and industry can solve all problems and make humans happy Utilitarianism belief that moral good lies in greatest happiness for the greatest number Marxism Called for forceful overthrow of the bourgeoisie Jeremy Bentham Advocate for Utilitarianism bourgeoisie the social class characterized by ownership of assets and capital proletariat the working class with the ability to dethrone capitalists to help in the creation of a classless society Karl Marx wrote Das Kapital

______________ used the threat of violence to force Japan to open their ports in 1854.

Matthew Perry

Despite being exiled from Florence, the ____________ were the richest family in Europe by the death of Cosimo.

Medici

The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer were written in ________________.

Middle English

This ancient Aegean culture depicted men and women leaping over bulls:

Minoan

____________ was a central part of Carolingian culture and helped to preserve much of the literature of the ancient world and to introduce agricultural advances/new crops.

Monasticism

The ____________________, a group of art historians and soldiers from thirteen nations, risked their lives to recover cultural objects taken by the Nazis

Monuments Men

Why have paintings or prints of the dying Mozart connected to his Requiem received scant attention from musicologists?

Most of this imagery strikes scholarly sensibilities as barely rising above the kitsch, and with so much value now placed on identifying authentic likenesses of composers, it is hardly surprising that they have received scant attention from musicologists.

The Qur'an (Koran) was revealed to what prophet?

Muhammad

How was music capable of evoking BOTH feminine and masculine qualities?

Music was capable of evoking both feminine and masculine qualities by being considered feminine, sensual, and frivolous while also showing masculine characteristics of rationality and order through its traditional basis as mathematical art.

How did cheats mark their cards according to Gerolamo Cardano's Book on Games of Chance?

Needles were used to prick the cards with small holes that could be felt with the fingers, and decks were prepared with thick pigments so that the relief of the points, especially clubs and face cards, could be felt with a fingertip, which might be shaved to expose the sensitive skin.

What art movement were the founding fathers of the United States most interested in?:

Neoclassicism

Jazz developed in the bars, dance halls, and brothels of:

New Orleans

The article mentions a number of significant figures (you should always lookup names you are not familiar with). Match the individual with their accomplishment.

Newton- Laws of Motion Cicero- one of Rome's greatest orators Sophocles- Wrote Ajax and Antigone Fyodor Dostoyevsky- wrote Crime and punishment Derrida- Developed deconstruction Plato- Wrote The Republic

When published in 1493 the ___________________________ was the most elaborate printed book ever made. The world history included 1809 woodcuts.

Nuremberg Chronicles

Which structure is an example of the basilica-style church, adapting the rectangular spaciousness of Roman law courts to the needs of Christian worship?

Old St. Peter's, Rome

What tragic event does Harry describe as having triggered "the woman" making another life (leading to her relationship with Harry)?

One of Helen's two children was killed in a tragic plane crash causing her to leave behind the lovers that placated her loneliness after her husband's death for a time. She wanted to seek out a more permanent solution to her fear of being alone. She wanted somebody she could respect to fill that void moving forward into the next chapter of her life. "Then one of her two children was killed in a plane crash and after that was over she did not want the lovers, and drink being no anaesthetic she had to make another life. Suddenly, she had been acutely frightened of being alone. But she wanted someone that she respected with her."

The Roman poet __________ was the first to describe the love story of Pyramus and Thisbe.

Ovid

This exiled Roman poet wrote the Art of Love as well as The Metamorphoses:

Ovid

Which of the following works of art includes orant figures:

Painted ceiling from the Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus

he earliest identification of Elizabeth with political harmony refers to the myth of ___________________.

Pan and Syrinx

Which was a Roman building that employed a central dome with an oculus?

Pantheon

___________ was a progressive force in the medieval church. He promoted dialectical arguments in his book Sic et non.

Peter Abelard

____________________'s return to original sources shed light on textual discrepancies long buried by church authorities.

Petrarch

This Roman wrote the Satyricon and advised Emperor Nero on matters of elegance:

Petronius

_________ believed truth could be found in mathematical perfection and wrote The Republic.

Plato

What had playing with dice been associated with since antiquity?

Playing with dice has been associated with unproductive leisure (otium) since antiquity, and, as the world "hazard" implies, its outcome depended on chance rather than skill.

This art movement relied on images pulled from mass media and advertising:

Pop Art

This Renaissance patron hired Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel ceiling:

Pope Julius II

Jane Austen's novels, such as ________________, are studies of social life among the English gentry

Pride and Prejudice

Of the artists called by Julius II to Rome, who was employed in decorating the rooms of the walls of the pope's apartments with great frescoes, as well as archaeological excavations and other projects?

Raphael

Which of the following is not a Mode of Expression:

Religion

The author compares Dürer's Portrait of Agnes Frey Dürer to _______________'s many drawings of his wife.

Rembrandt

__________________ invented the concepts of Gesamtkunstwerk and the leitmotif in his operas:

Richard Wagner

Which culture used the Corinthian Column in most of their temples and architecture?

Roman

Which culture is celebrated for building the temple commonly referred to as the Pantheon?

Romans

Which culture used engaged columns in most of their temples and architecture?

Romans

Which of the following artists is known for his paintings based upon romance and war comic books:

Roy Lichtenstein

How is Sancho Panza a foil for Don Quixote?

Sancho Panza acts as a foil for Don Quixote because Sancho brings out all of the extreme qualities of Don Quixote. Quixote cares about things like honor and love, while Sancho cares about more practical things such as food, and sleep.

This painter's nickname means ""little keg" and he burned much of his early work:

Sandro Botticelli

___________ wrote nine books of lyric poetry:

Sappho

According to the article, how are both the sciences and the humanities rooted in empiricism?

Science is methodologically empirical in its study of nature and attempts to remove biases from its investigation. Humanistic inquiry closely observes the object of study and how we study the object. The sciences seek exact knowledge and the humanities strive for wisdom.

Which of the following historical figures played a role in Stoicism (mark all that are correct):

Seneca Marcus Aurelius

Battleship Potemkin is known for its powerful montage sequences and was directed by:

Sergei Eisenstein

Describe several of the objects Dürer recorded seeing after they were brought to Europe from the "New World". Where did he view them?

Several objects that Durer saw were wondrous weapons of the Aztecs, harness and darts, very strange clothing, beds, and an Aztec feathered shield from the booty of Corte´s. He viewed these objects at the Coudenberg Palace in Brussels.

___________ was Speaker of England's House of Commons and the author of Utopia:

Sir Thomas More

_______________ drank hemlock, choosing suicide rather than banishment from Athens when he was wrongly accused of "corrupting the youth" of Athens.

Socrates

Which classical authors were Elizabethan beliefs in musical harmony inherited from?

Some classical authors that Elizabeth's beliefs in musical harmony were inherited from are Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, and particularly from Boethius's transmission of classical ideas in his De Institutione Musica.

The _____________________ were paid teachers of philosophy to sons of wealthy Greek families; debated with their students; sometimes taught verbal trickery.

Sophists

What Athenian playwright is famous for his seven surviving tragedies (Ex. Oedipus the King)?

Sophocles

This Christian philosopher wrote the City of God as well as an autobiography discussing the sins of his youth (Confessions):

St. Augustine of Hippo

Which of these figures composed an influential set of rules for Christian monks?

St. Benedict

How was Mozart's death paralleled with Raphael's death by writers?

Stafford notes that soon after Mozart's death Johann Friedrich Rochlitz's writings, in particular, stressed the parallel with Raphael, as both geniuses supposedly sensed their impending death, and "in a heightened mood poured their last forces into works of otherworldly significance."

The philosophy of ________________ advocated for men aiming at the highest moral standards and accepted misfortune as a part of life.

Stoicism

What type of art is Banksy associated with?

Street Art

These artists sought ways to express the world of dreams and the unconscious:

Surrealism

______________ interpreted the composite casket in the Victoria and Albert Museum and suggested that it expresses the desire of the casket's male giver to conquer, emotionally and physically, his fiance.

Susan Smith

_____________ described her fascination with suicide in The Bell Jar.

Sylvia Plath

Picasso and Georges Braque fused high and low art materials in collages in their works of:

Synthetic Cubism

Name a German Expressionist group discussed in the Powerpoints/ the textbook:

The Bridge Die Brucke Der Blaue Reiter The Blue Rider

Respond to the following prompt in an essay (at least three paragraphs). Be as thorough as possible: Discuss the impact of at least three of the following on the humanities: the Byzantine Iconoclasm, Feudalism, Carolingian Renaissance, monasticism, and Romanesque pilgrimage. Include at least five significant figures and the roles they played in these events/how the events impacted them.

The Byzantine Iconoclasm- Iconoclasm is a dispute over the use of idols in worship. Leo III felt that idolatry was a sin and even objected to the creation of the tablet of the Ten Commandments as well as official portraits of Christ. It was later reinstated by Leo V following the empress Irene convoked the seventh ecumenical council at Nicaea to abolish iconoclasm. Feudalism is the social, government, and military practice during medieval Europe and largely relied on relationships of service and military based on the holding and leasing of lands through fiefs. Before a lord could grant a fief he would need to make him a vassal at a formal ceremony to form a binding contract by declaring homage to his overlord. Important figures of this time would be William the Conqueror who claimed that the land of England belonged to him after his coronation and Eleanor of Aquitaine who most influential in the development of the codes and customs of courtly love during that time. Carolingian Renaissance was enacted by Charlemagne, King of the Franks and later Holy Roman Emperor. Charlemagne was the first Emperor to convert to Christianity. Charlemagne was credited with two important works Admonitio generalis which legislated church reform and Epistola de litteris colendis which he felt would lead to cultural reform. His hopes were that the two would lead to greater morality and more educated and cultured society. Monasticism emerged in the late 3rd century and is the practice of leaving behind the comforts and vices of worldly life to focus on one's religious practices. Practiced primarily by Monks in predominantly Christian (Catholic) faiths, it is also practiced in other faiths such as Buddhism and the Orthodox. Bernard of Clairvaux was one of the most influential of his time and his beliefs led him to believe in "mercy, justice, and loyal affection for others". Romanesque pilgrimage was a method to complete a pilgrimage through Santiago de Compostela in Spain due to the fact a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in Jerusalem was not an option. During this pilgrimage, devotees could stop and visit various religious structures to visit the relics there and collect moments of their journey.

Which of the following was written by Franz Kafka:

The Metamorphosis

Mark Twain wrote about being offended by this painting by Titian:

The Venus of Urbino

How was the artwork sent by Raphael the perfect gift for Dürer at that particular time?

The artwork sent to Durer by Raphael was the perfect gift at that particular time because in the 1510s the Nuremberg master was immersed in his theoretical studies of the human body and its proportions.

How does the author argue that Hildegard's musical language deviated from the rules prescribed by the medieval church?

The author argued that Hildegard of Bingen's musical language deviated from the rules prescribed by the medieval church. Chants of intervallic leaps, while the long and ornamented melismatic sections of the musical tissue are used to stress important words in the text. It would be very interesting, in future research, to compare her chants with Byzantine music andascertain their similarities and differences. The frequent use of the Ionian and Aeolian modes anticipates the major-minor system.The musical world of Hildegard of Bingen, placed somewhere in betweenspiritual and secular music, is a new and quite specific world of music, almost inconceivable at the time.

How did the carver of the Metropolitan casket visually echo/parallel the scene of Aristotle and the Maiden with the scene of Pyramus and Thisbe?

The carver of the Metropolitan casket visually echoes the scene of Aristotle and the Maiden with the scene of Pyramus and Thisbe in several ways. First, both Aristotle and the lion are depicted down on all fours with flowing "manes" and curly "tails". Aristotle's lower body is also similar to Pyramus' in the scene of the suicides. In the center compartment, both Alexander and Thisbe appear in the top half, lean to the left, raise their right hands, and with their left hands grasp a nearby support.

What confession does Roderick make to the narrator during the final storm?

The confession that Roderick makes to the narrator during the final storm is that he fears he has sealed his sister Madeline alive in the tomb. "We have put her living in the tomb."

What has afflicted Roderick (according to him) and when does he feel the condition originated?

The disease Roderick suffers from is not named. The letter sent to the narrator states that Roderick is suffering from an "acute bodily illness", a "mental disorder". Roderick later describes his condition as 'a constitutional and a family evil". He feels that the condition originated with the severe illness of his sister.

Why did Mozart compose the Requiem in D Minor? Who commissioned the piece? (Note: Look this up online).

The man behind the commission "When Mozart's Requiem in D minor was completed in 1792, it was delivered to Count Franz von Walsegg. He was the man who originally commissioned the piece to form part of a Requiem service in commemoration of the anniversary of his wife's death. It's likely that Walsegg fully intended to pass the work off as his own since he was a mere amateur chamber musician who regularly commissioned work by talented composers and then claimed them to be his own. Constanze struggled with Walsegg for 12 whole months before he finally gave in and acknowledged Mozart as the true composer of Requiem in D minor." Source: https://concert-vienna.com/blogs/viennese-things/the-history-of-mozart-s-requiem

How does the author relate the Prodigal Son Play to The Cardsharps?

The parable of the prodigal son involved the Prodigal being lured into gambling. The play included the stock role of the bravo and they most likely played the same card game in the scene as represented in The Cardsharps. The painting may have been inspired by the play.

Why does the protagonist in The Mortal Immortal decide to accept the offer of the alchemist?

The protagonist decides to accept the offer of the alchemist because he offers him a bag of gold. He accepts in spite of his friends warning him not to. He also wanted to court Bertha who could not accept his courtship due to the fact that he was poor and she had been adopted by the rich and childless high-ranking lady of the castle. Bertha states, "You pretend to love, and you fear to face the Devil for my sake!" "Thus encouraged - shamed by her - led on by love and hope, laughing at my late fears, with quick steps and a light heart I returned to accept the offers of the alchemist."

What is the setting of The Snows of Kilimanjaro?

The setting of "The Snows of Kilimanjaro" is the final afternoon and end of the life of a writer named Harry, dying of gangrene in a camp near the edge of the Tanganyika plains country of Africa.

Harry has a dream, near the end of the short story, in which a plane arrives and takes him where?

The square top of Kilimanjaro. Kilimanjaro is the representation for his final destination which is heaven. The plane arrives and has only enough room for one passenger, so this is only his trip. Which to me means that there was metaphorically only room for one because he was transitioning into death. "Compie turned his head and grinned and pointed and there, ahead, all he could see, as wide as all the world, great, high, and unbelievably white in the sun, was the square top of Kilimanjaro. And then he knew that there was where he was going."

How does the story of Lancelot on the Sword Bridge and Gawain's story in Perceval mirror the story of Aristotle and the Maiden?

The stories of Lancelot on the Sword Bridge and Gawain in Perceval mirror the story of Aristotle and the Maiden because Both Lancelot and Gawain are made fools for love, given to irrational behavior to please a woman. Lancelot goes as far as to attempt suicide when he believes that Guinevere is dead. In attempting to please the women he meets, Gawain breaks his vow to avoid military pursuits until his name is cleared.

What story is depicted on the lid of the Metropolitan casket?

The story depicted on the lid of the Metropolitan casket is a scene from the Siege of the Castle of Love and it shows knights jousting.

What are the two separate traditions/versions of the popular legend of Tristan and Isolde?

The two separate traditions of the legend of Tristan and Isolde are known as the version commune (common version) and the version courtoise (courtly version).

Why did Elizabeth and her courtiers seek to carefully control her musical image?

The volatile meanings associated with musical women may be one reason why Elizabeth and her courtiers sought to control her musical image. Many of the associations between music and femininity were incongruous with Elizabeth's image as the chaste virgin queen. Queens were not immune from men casting aspersions on their morality by making allegations of amoral behavior caused by the music. The privileged access that musicians had to private chambers as performers and tutors led to accusations of sexual liaisons between princesses and male musicians

How did the way in which Hildegard and other women participated in the 'Hours' differ from the men?

The women did not participate in the rituals in the same way as men: living in the female section, which had two windows, one opening outwards and the other connected to the church they were, in fact, almost completely excluded from the Divine Office; hence, only through theseopenings could the nuns hear the music performed at worship, and it was a formof 'learning' music for Hildegard of Bingen too.

What was the subject of the Ordo Virtutum?

The work's subject is the struggle of a human soul with sixteenpersonified virtues and vices.

Why would Mozart's death appeal to Mihály Munkácsy and his art dealer as a theme for a giant historical canvas?

These giant historical canvases had to have well-known historical themes that were readily accessible for the majority of the educated middle class. Therefore, the subjects of the paintings had to be well known beyond their own native shores, which meant that internationally celebrated historical personalities were considered the most suitable, those who belonged to the collective memory of European (or, more generally, Western) culture. Evidently, Sedelmeyer and Munkácsy thought that the topic of Mozart's death would also appeal to such collective memory.

Match the following terms

This great American novel written by Mark Twain is set just before the Civil War and vigorously opposed to slavery The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn a realistic story about the harsh lives of coal miners Germinal a historical novel written by Charles Dickens and set during the French Revolution A Tale of Two Cities an elderly miser is visited by spirits and transformed into a kinder man A Christmas Carol best-selling antislavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin

Match the following

Thomas Hobbes believed that the naturally greedy and violent people needed to an absolute monarch to rule them John Locke his theory of the social contract formed the basis of liberalism John Milton wrote Paradise Lost (an epic poem) Louis XIV moved his court to Versailles during the 17th century Teresa of Avila founded a reformed order of nuns Marie de' Medici this regent of France asked Peter Paul Rubens to paint her life story

Albrecht Dürer was wealthy when he died.

True

Dürer seems to have aspired to a higher social class when he returned to Nuremberg.

True

Gaming scenes were often added to The Denial of St. Peter, reinforcing the significance of the biblical subject.

True

Harry resents her money and upbringing.

True

In book 3 of The Republic, Plato suggests that political communities could be kept under control/ordered by controlling the music.

True

Lorenzo Valla compared the Donation of Constantine to contemporaneous Roman law and showed that the document was inconsistent with 4th century Latin.

True

Myths often explain nature/the unknown and are grounded in observed experience.

True

The 18th Amendment to the Constitution made the production, transportation, and sale of alcohol illegal.

True

The Neolithic Period appeared at different times at different locations throughout the world.

True

The Ordo virtutum (Order of Virtues) was written to be performed within Hildegard's order of nuns.

True

The basic visual appearance of Mozart's last hours is based on an obituary description of the scene.

True

The game being played in The Cardsharps is a forerunner of poker.

True

The humanities often use critical thinking to probe the unquantifiable with regard to human experience.

True

Explain two possible meanings of the MIRROR in the Capture of the Unicorn scene on the ivory casket.

Two possible meanings for the mirror in the Capture of the Unicorn scene on the ivory casket are: It could be used to identify the maiden in the tale as a siren, as sirens are often shown with mirrors in bestiaries. Another possible meaning is that it could be used to show the girl's purity. Mirrors were often used in the middle ages to symbolize the virginal conception of Christ. The mirror may be a symbol of fidelity in love.

How does the author suggest that the scene of Galahad's adventure at the Castle of Maidens offers a new spin on the theme of knightly service for love (compared to all other scenes on the Metropolitan casket)?

Unlike Aristotle, Pyramus, Lancelot, and Gawain who all seeked love and sexual favors from women, Galahad is sexually pure, he had no interest in the women he saved beyond Christian charity. His purity makes him victorious over the seven brothers and he is able to gain access to the castle and his reception of the keys is a sign of his purity.

This Post-Impressionist collected and copied Japanese prints such as Flowering Plum Tree:

Vincent Van Gogh

The Bolshevik Revolution (established the first socialist state in Europe) was was led by:

Vladimir Lenin

This famous satirical writer believed in an enlightened monarchy and served Louis XV:

Voltaire

What is a Wanderjahre? Who did Dürer hope to learn from while traveling in 1492?

Wanderjahre is a period of working as a journeyman abroad following the completion of their formal training for young city artists. While traveling in 1492 Durer hoped to learn from Martin Schongauer, Germany's most famous engraver, and a skilled painter.

What does the innkeeper do when he realizes that Don Quixote is "not quite right in the head"?

When the innkeeper realizes that Don Quixote is not right in the head he decides to humor him and assured Don Quixote that he was fully justified in his request.

How did images of Mozart's death differ from typical deathbed scenes from this period?

While typical deathbed scenes from this period show the unfortunate soul surrounded by family, associates, and perhaps a doctor, Mozart was frequently shown with or alongside other musicians performing his Requiem.

The 230 ft. long Bayeux Tapestry depicts the conquest of England by:

William the Conquerer

What season of the year is emphasized in the first of Harry's flashbacks?

Winter

Why is Winzy documenting his life's story - what does he intend to do?

Winzy is documenting his life story because he wants to be remembered, but he also wants to make it a warning to others who desire immortality. He begins to hate how long he is living and contemplates suicide but does not know if it is the right thing to do and he does not want to make someone else a murderer.

Which of the following courses is not considered part of the humanities:

World Economics Correct Answer Introduction to Psychology

What does Harry suggest will stop his suffering when "the woman" asks him what she can do? (Select all correct answers)

ake his leg off shoot him

iconophiles

argued that religious images were useful for teaching the uneducated

Masaccio's The Tribute Money, a scene of Jesus and his disciples painted in the 1420s, is notable for its pioneering use of what technique or subject?

atmospheric or aerial perspective

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Paleolithic culture:

building permanent homes

Term describing a group of male musicians for the Pope's court:

cappella

Which of the following is an interest of an Impressionist artist?

capturing the fleeting moment

Most early Christian art was found in:

catacombs

The term responsorial would be most relevant in a discussion of what topic?

chants and hymns sung in early Christian churches

Phidias' 38' tall cult statue for the Athenian Parthenon was made of:

chryselephantine

A group of manuscript pages held together by stitching is called a ________________. These replaced the scroll.

codex

The Romans used this inexpensive building material to shape interior and exterior spaces?

concrete

This home and school for orphans offered girls entry to the musical profession:

conservatory

This term is used to describe the weight shift found in Classical Greek sculpture:

contrapposto

Additionally, music was a tool of ________________ with which a young woman might make herself desirable to a suitable husband.

courtship

The common ground of the fields included in the humanities is _________________________.

critical thinking

The peoples of Mesopotamia pressed a stylus into a soft clay tablet to produce these wedge-shaped characters:

cuneiform

iconoclasts

destroyed Byzantine images used in religious worship

The Etruscans practiced __________, seeking to interpret messages from the gods. One method employed involved inspecting the liver of a sheep or ox.

divination

Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded is an example of an ____________________ novel.

epistolary

Rembrandt is famous for producing 300 different prints of this type:

etchings

What philosophy is Søren Kierkegaard associated with? _________________________

existentialism

Greek temples were very frontal, with the porch, steps, and columns only found at the front of the temple.

false

Most Roman architectural sculpture exhibits the Archaic Smile.

false

The columns employed by the Romans were unfluted and made of wood.

false

The two-volume 'Life of Hildegard' was written by Hildegard.

false

Leo III

felt that god was punishing the people for idol worship

In exchange for a __________ (lands and usually a castle), a vassal would promise an oath of fealty, to provide military service to the lord when called upon.

fief

Paleolithic ______________ made of cave bear femurs were found in Slovenia.

flutes

St. Anthony's Fire (Ergotism) was caused by a harmful ________ that grew on rye.

fungus/mold

Two prints by Hogarth argued for the consumption of beer (safe to drink it on rooftops) vs. the consumption of ___________________ (leads to poverty and death).

gin

Each painted section of wet plaster or "day's work" in the Arena Chapel is referred to as ______________.

giornata

The Narmer Palette is a ceremonial version (larger) of an object used for/as

grinding eye makeup

Rembrandt's Sortie of Capt. Cocq's Company (Night Watch) is an example of what topic or subject?

group portrait

Thousands of people were beheaded by the _____________ during the Reign of Terror.

guillotine

Allan Kaprow coined the term ___________________ to describe intentionally provocative environments and improvisational multimedia art events in which the spectators were expected to actively participate.

happening

Which of the following was depicted the least by the Lascaux cave painters during the Paleolithic Period?

humans

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Paleolithic culture:

hunter-gathering

A(an) ____________ is contemporary art created for a temporary or permanent gallery or outdoor area. The term is most often applied to interior spaces.

installation

The most common form of Archaic Greek statue was the __________, a freestanding nude male youth that often served as a gravemarker.

kouros

Roman Republic sculptors created very realistic (verism) portraits of:

male patricians

The Egyptian pyramid evolved from a low rectangular __________, an earlier burial architectural type.

mastaba

These Gothic plays depicted the struggle between vices and virtues over a sinner's soul (ex. Everyman):

morality plays

The painted limestone Seated Scribe is more ______________ and less formal than the seated Khafre statue.

naturalistic

The central aisle in a basilica-plan church is known as the:

nave

Which of the following was NOT required of monks according to St. Benedict's model for monastic life:

never drink wine

Where would one find a carved scene of Christ at the Last Judgment judging the righteous and sinful?

on the tympanum of a Romanesque church

The Ordo virtutum (Order of Virtues) could be performed with a modest instrumental accompaniment, most often the:

pan flute

A princess's musical education was intended not only to make her a performer but also to prepare her for a role as a ____________________________, by giving her the knowledge by which to judge the performances of others.

patroness of musicians

Which of the following is NOT considered a composite creature:

phoenix

Which of the following is not a Mode of Reflection?:

poetry

_________ was the Greek term for "city-state":

polis

Which construction method was employed by the builders of Stonehenge:

post and lintel

What new 15th-century artform made it easier for artists to acquire a diverse range of stylistic and iconographic sources?

printmaking

In December 1347, the Black Death (Bubonic Plague) was brought to Sicily by four ships coming from the Black Sea carrying _____________________.

rats infested with fleas

The Dada artist Marcel Duchamp coined the term ___________________ for the found objects which he would select and modify for exhibition.

readymade

Romanesque pilgrims traveled to see sacred shrines where the ____________ of saints were kept and venerated by the faithful.

relics

__________ is a term referring to the merging or assimilation of rites and practices of cultures. This merging also happens in art.

syncretism

Match each musical instrument with the meaning Hildegard ascribed to it.

tambourine- inspires discipline flute- reminds us of the breath of the spirit trumpet- strong like the voice of the prophets organ helps- create community strings- lead us to repentance harp- an instrument of heavenly blessedness

Raphael designed ten cartoons for __________ for the lower walls of the Sistine Chapel.

tapestries

Which of the following were crises of 14th-century Europe (select all):

the "Little Ice Age" 100 Years War Banking failures

Boccaccio's Decameron relates the tales of a group of Florentines trying to escape:

the Black Death

In 1401, the wool merchants held a competition to design a set of bronze doors for:

the Florence Cathedral Baptistry

What Fascist group organized the Degenerate Art Exhibition:

the Nazis

The Cold War ended after ___________________ in 1991:

the USSR collapsed

Northern altarpieces often included ___________ depicted in the wings:

the patrons

Which of these was important in spreading Martin Luther's religious ideas?

the printing press

What theme is highlighted on the Metropolitan casket by the story of Aristotle and the Maiden?

the triumph of love over reason

Etruscan sculptures tended to be more modest than Greek sculptures, exhibiting less heroic nudity.

true

Etruscan temples typically left the pediment empty of sculpture.

true

Greeks decorated several distinct areas of their temples with architectural sculpture - the pediments, metopes, and/or frieze.

true

The cella in Greek temples contain one room whereas in Etruria it holds three because of differences in their respective religions.

true

The idea of building temples in open areas considered sacred was shared by Greek, Etruscan, and Roman religion.

true

The ___________ was introduced to Holland in the early 17th century and enormous sums of money were made by breeding them.

tulip

_______________ are naturalistic renderings of well-known tourist attractions:

vedute

Hans Baldung Grien, a student of Albrecht Dürer, is famous for his drawings and prints presenting the viewer with ___________ images.

witchcraft

Most early prints were produced for the open market and were:

woodcuts

______________ is the name given to the Mesopotamian stepped structure with a temple on top.

ziggurat

Which of the following artists played both a role in Realism as well as Impressionism?

Édouard Manet

Which of the following is NOT considered a work of Romanticism:

The Death of Marat

Which of these was an erotic tale that was the most widely read work of the Middle Ages?

The Romance of the Rose

Dürer visited ________ twice before 1510.

Venice

This Dutch master employed the camera obscura when painting:

Vermeer

What drove Don Quixote "completely out of his mind"?

What drove Don Quixote completely out of his mind was him reading too many books and not getting enough sleep.

__________________ was a prolific/ influential composer of the Classical era of music:

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

____________ was a new, cheap source of fuel and replaced wood during the industrial revolution.

coal

What musical instrument was a visual symbol for sex in Renaissance portraiture?

lute

The hip-rolling rebellion of ____________music featured electric guitars and introduced the world to Elvis Presley.

rock and roll

These gatherings of philosophers and writers were held in Rococo hotels:

salons

icon

small religious images used or private devotion

What two created views (not based on biographical fact) of Mozart competed with each other in the 19thcentury?

"Because Mozart's reception during the 19th century was multifarious, trying to find a fixed point of reference against which to situate his iconography from this time is fraught with difficulties. Despite this challenge, it is important for contextualizing the imagery to consider the Romantic 'Dionysian ' construction of Mozart that rose up against the prevailing classicizing or 'Apollonian ' vision of the composer. William Stafford identifies the former as an attempt, especially in Germany, to ' reconstruct (Mozart) as a Romantic. The result was a conception of Mozart as a Romantic composer whose music at its greatest expresses dark, demonic inner impulses and forces. Thus, two views of Mozart competed with each other in the 19th century, despite neither having any basis in biographical fact, with the Dionysian version emphasizing the darker minor-mode music and aspects of Mozart's biography that could be read in terms of 'death-seeking forces." The Apollonian, the first view, would be defined as analytic distinction. This would presume that his music would include rational thought and structure to his musical processes. The Dionysian, the second view, would be counter to the thinking of Apollonian, being more chaotic, the inability or unwillingness to make an analytic distinction. This would be darker, chaotic emotions and not to his formally reasoning mind.

What opinion of Roderick's becomes known to the narrator as a result of discussion of the ballad (The Haunted Palace)?

"I well remember that suggestions arising from this ballad led us into a train of thought wherein there became manifest an opinion of Usher's which I mention not so much on account of its novelty (for other men* have thought thus), as on account of the pertinacity with which he maintained it. This opinion, in its general form, was that of the sentience of all vegetable things." The house was sentient or had a life of its own. It was his thinking that the house controlled its occupants.

Harry states that death may not take a form with a scythe and a skull. What animals in the short story represent death?

"Never believe any of that about a scythe and a skull," he told her. "It can be two bicycle policemen as easily or be a bird. Or it can have a wide snout like a hyena." Vultures and the hyena. As animals that eat carrion, these creatures are omens of Harry's impending death.

How did both Bernard of Clairvaux and Hildegard (following his lead) distinguish their orders from the others?

"Of more significance to her artistic production is the means by which Bernard of Clairvaux distinguished his exclusive order from the others, and the impact this had on Hildegard's own practice. Like the abbess, Bernard had been born into a family of nobles. His order was composed entirely of affluent scions of the highest castes, as was Hildegard's. Hildegard only accepted spectabiles and ingenuas and never pauperes. Hildegard replied in justification that `God distinguishes the people on earth as in heaven' Bernard extolled notions of `interiority'. He maintained Platonic conceptions of a higher, unified form of reality (the One) which the gifted mind could contemplate only in a transcendental, mystical state. "