Human Anatomy & Physiology 2 [Ch. 21: Lymphatic System]

lacteals pick up dietary _______

lipids

lymph vessels transport dietary _________ a. carbohydrates b. lipids c. proteins d. nucleic acids

lipids

The thymus continues to grow until a person reaches ________ , when it reaches a maximum weight of 30 to 50 grams. a. 20 b. 50 c. 30 d. puberty

puberty

The ________ are masses of lymphatic tissue that protect against inhaled and ingested materials and are found within the pharynx.

tonsils

True/False: An increase in hydrostatic pressure within the interstitial space "pushes" interstitial fluid into the lymphatic capillary lumen.

true

True/False: Lymphatic vessels are similar to veins in that they contain valves to prevent backflow, and use the contraction of nearby skeletal muscles to help move lymph along.

true

the right lymphatic duct drains which of the following parts of the body? - abdomen - right side of chest - right arm - right side of head and neck - right leg - digestive system

- right side of chest - right arm - right side of head and neck

large clusters of lymph nodes are found in which of the following regions? - popliteal - antecubital - lumbar - cervical - axillary - inguinal

- cervical - axillary - inguinal

Which of the following are normal functions of the adult spleen? - drainage of lymph into the cisterna chyli - phagocytosis of old erythrocytes - phagocytosis of bacteria - act as a reservoir for platelets - filtration of bacteria from the lymph - production of new erythrocytes

- phagocytosis of bacteria - phagocytosis of old erythrocytes - act as a reservoir for platelets

Which of the following are types of tonsils? - maxillary - pharyngeal - lingual - laryngeal - palatine - sublingual

- pharyngeal - lingual - palatine

Adult red bone marrow is found within spongy bone in which locations? - Vertebrae - Roofing bones of the skull - Diaphysis of the humerus - Sternum - Diaphysis of the femur

- roofing bones of the skull - vertebrae - sternum

lymph is moved through lymph vessels by which of the following? - skeletal muscle pumps - skeletal muscle contraction around the lymphatic vessel walls - peristaltic contractions of the GI tract - pumping of lymph by the heart - respiratory pump

- skeletal muscle pumps - respiratory pump

Which of the following are normal constituents of lymph? - erythrocytes - water - glycogen - ions - low concentration of protein - urea

- water - low concentration of protein - ions

Put the steps in the lymphatic pathway in the correct order. - efferent lymphatic - lymphatic trunk - lymph node - collecting duct - afferent lymphatic vessel - lymphatic capillary - subclavian vein

1. Lymphatic Capillary 2. Afferent Lymphatic Vessel 3. Lymph Node 4. Efferent Lymphatic Vessel 5. Lymphatic Trunk 6. Collecting Duct 7. Subclavian Vein

Lymph flows through a lymph node in what order? - efferent lymphatic vessel - lymphatic sinuses - afferent lymphatic vessel

1. afferent lymphatic vessel 2. lymphatic sinuses 3. efferent lymphatic vessel

place these structures in the order that lymph travels through them: - lymphatic trunks - lymphatic vessels - lymphatic capillaries - lymphatic ducts

1. lymphatic capillaries 2. lymphatic vessels 3. lymphatic trunks 4. lymphatic ducts

Blood flows through the spleen in what order? - splenic vein - splenic artery - splenic sinusoids of red pulp - central artery of white pulp

1. splenic artery 2. central artery of white pulp 3. splenic sinusoids of red pulp 4. splenic vein

Reed-Sternberg cells are present in __________ lymphoma a. Addison's b. Hodgin c. Cushing's d. Non-Hodgkin

Hodgkin

Which tonsils are most commonly affected by tonsillitis? a. Maxillary b. Lingual tonsils c. Palatine tonsils d. Pharyngeal tonsils

Palatine tonsils

The lymphatic nodules in the ileum of the small intestine are called _______ patches

Peyers patches

__________ vessels carry lymph INTO a lymph node a. arterial b. afferent c. efferent d. venous

afferent

Lymphatic capillaries are unique in that they depend on _________ to prevent the collapse of the lymphatic capillaries as pressure exerted by the interstitial fluid increases. a. endothelial cells b. hydrostatic pressure c. blood capillaries d. anchoring filaments

anchoring filaments

The white pulp of the spleen is associated with the ________ supply of the spleen a. venous b. arterial c. lymphatic d. lacteal

arterial

The lymphatic trunk, the ________ drains deep thoracic structures a. intestinal trunk b. lumbar trunk c. jugular trunk d. bronchomediastinal trunk e. subclavian trunk

bronchomediastinal trunks

Lymphoma is a _____ of the lymphatic tissues a. viral infection b. bacterial infection c. fungal infection d. cancer

cancer

Often when a cancerous tumor is surgically removed from a patient, surrounding lymph nodes are removed as well. Why? a. cancer always forms in lymph nodes first b. lymph nodes, like your appendix, serve no real function c. cancers found in lymph nodes are the most deadly d. cancers that metastasize will travel to nearby lymph nodes first

cancers that metastasize will travel to nearby lymph nodes first

The lobes of the thymus are surrounded by a connective tissue _________

capsule

The lobes of the thymus are surrounded by a connective tissue __________

capsule

The lymph node is surrounded by a tough connective tissue layer called the __________ a. cortex b. trabecula c. sinus d. capsule

capsule

The main difference lymphatic organs & lymphatic nodules, is that lymphatic organs have a __________ enclosing them

capsule

The spleen is surrounded by a _______ made of dense irregular connective tissue

capsule

The ________ chyli carries chyle from the small intestine to the thoracic duct.

cisterna

The lymphatic capillaries are ________ vessels. a. closed-ended b. perforated c. open-ended d. fenestrated

closed-ended

Each thymus lobule is divided into an inner medulla and an outer _________

cortex

when excess interstitial fluid is not reabsorbed, the tissues swell causing a condition called _______

edema

Lymph exits a lymph node through _________ lymphatic vessels a. arterial b. efferent c. afferent d. venous

efferent

__________ vessels carry lymph OUT of a lymph node a. arterial b. afferent c. efferent d. venous

efferent

Lymphatic capillaries are found in all of the following tissues or areas EXCEPT ________ a. areolar connective tissue b. epithelia c. digestive tract d. blood capillary networks

epithelia

True/False: As part of the lymphatic system, the spleen functions to filter lymph.

false [As part of the lymphatic system, the spleen functions to filter blood]

True/False: B- and T-lymphocytes both mature in the red bone marrow.

false [B-lymphocytes mature in the red bone marrow, whereas T-lymphocytes mature in the thymus]

True/False: Secondary lymphatic structures include the red bone marrow and thymus.

false [Primary lymphatic structures include the red bone marrow and thymus. Secondary lymphatic structures include the lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, lymphatic nodules and MALT]

True/False: Lymphatic nodules are small, oval clusters of lymphatic cells that are completely surrounded by a connective tissue capsule.

false [Lymphatic nodules are small, oval clusters of lymphatic cells that are not completely surrounded by a connective tissue capsule.]

True/False: Tonsils contain both red and white pulp.

false [the spleen contains both red and white pulp]

The primary function of a lymph node is to __________ a. filter foreign material from the blood b. filter foreign material from the lymph c. produce lymph d. produce blood

filter foreign material from the lymph

In the thymus, the immature T lymphocytes ___________ a. secrete thymic hormones b. found in the medulla c. found in the cortex

found in the cortex

In the thymus, the mature T lymphocytes ___________ a. secrete thymic hormones b. found in the medulla c. found in the cortex

found in the medulla

The region where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave the spleen is called the ________.

hilum

The formation of lymph increases as a result of __________ a. increasing the numbers of white blood cells that leave the blood for the lymph. b. increasing hydrostatic pressure in tissue fluid. c. decreasing protein concentration in tissue fluid. d. decreasing volume of tissue fluid.

increasing hydrostatic pressure in tissue fluid.

If an individual has an infected cut on their thigh, in which region are lymph nodes most likely to enlarge? a. trophic region b. supratrochlear region c. thoracic region d. inguinal region

inguinal region

Lymph vessels reabsorb what fluid from the tissues and return it to the venous circulation? a. plasma b. extracellular fluid c. interstitial fluid d. blood

interstitial fluid

When blood plasma leaks out of the capillaries, it is then called _______ a, chyme b. cerebrospinal fluid c. blood d. interstitial fluid

interstitial fluid

The lymphatic trunk, the ________ drains most abdominal structures a. intestinal trunk b. lumbar trunk c. jugular trunk d. bronchomediastinal trunk e. subclavian trunk

intestinal trunks

The lymphatic trunk, the ________ drains the head & neck a. intestinal trunk b. lumbar trunk c. jugular trunk d. bronchomediastinal trunk e. subclavian trunk

jugular trunks

The lymphatic trunk, the ________ drains lower limbs & pelvic organs a. intestinal trunk b. lumbar trunk c. jugular trunk d. bronchomediastinal trunk e. subclavian trunk

lumbar trunks

After interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic vessels it is called _____. a. chyme b. plasma c. lymph d. cerebrospinal fluid

lymph

Which of these secondary lymphatic structures have a complete capsule? - lymphatic nodules - lymph node - malt - spleen - tonsils

lymph node & spleen

Cells in a lymph node that engulf and destroy damaged cells, foreign substances, and cellular debris are ______ a. macrophages b. lymphocytes c. mast cells d. cytokines

macrophages

The medulla of the lymph mode is supported by connective tissue fibers called ________. - cortical sinuses - cortical cords - medullary sinuses - medullary cords

medullary cords

The function of white pulp in the spleen is to _______ a. produce blood b. produce lymph c. monitor the lymph for foreign materials d. monitor the blood for foreign materials

monitor the lymph for foreign materials

As the interstitial hydrostatic pressure increases, is MORE or LESS fluid driven into the lymphatic capillaries?

more

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are ________ Hodgkin lymphomas a. equally as common as b. less common than c. more common than

more common than

Lymphatic ________ are small clusters of lymphocytes that lack a complete capsule.

nodules

The small flaps that allow lymph to enter but not leave in lymphatic capillaries are made from __________ a. an infolding of the tunica media b. and infolding of the tunica intima c. overlapping mesenchymal cells d. overlapping endothelial cells

overlapping endothelial cells

The adenoids are also called the _____ tonsils.

pharyngeal

Other than red bone marrow, the spleen contains the largest single store of ___________ a. plasma b. T-lymphocytes c. B-lymphocytes d. platelets

platelets

The ________ pulp of the spleen acts as a platelet reservoir.

red

which of the following are considered primary lymphatic structures where lymphocytes are produced? - spleen - red bone marrow - thymus - lymph nodes - thyroid

red bone marrow & thymus

Besides filtering blood for foreign materials and phagocytosis of old, defective erythrocytes, the spleen is also involved in what other major function? a. maturation of T-lymphocytes b. reservoir of platelets & erythrocytes c. destruction of B-lymphocytes d. production of erythrocytes in adults

reservoir of platelets and erythrocytes

After they are formed, lymphocytes are housed in _________ lymphatic structures. a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary

secondary

In the thymus, the epithelial cells ___________ a. secrete thymic hormones b. found in the medulla c. found in the cortex

secrete thymic hormones

The thymus _______ after puberty. a. widens b. grows c. disappears d. shrinks

shrinks

Which of the following is the largest lymphatic organ in the body? a. liver b. thymus c. spleen d. lymph node

spleen

Which of these lymphatic structures is found near the 9th to the 11th rib? a. thymus b. spleen c. axillary lymph nodes d. inguinal lymph nodes

spleen

What is the surgical removal of the spleen called?

splenectomy

The lymphatic trunk, the ________ drains the upper limbs, breasts, and thoracic wall a. intestinal trunk b. lumbar trunk c. jugular trunk d. bronchomediastinal trunk e. subclavian trunk

subclavian trunks

The larger lymph duct, the left lymphatic duct, is more commonly referred to as the ________ duct.

thoracic

T-lymphocytes migrate to , and mature in the ________.

thymus

T-lymphocytes are named according to the _______ where they become immunologically mature. a. thyrocervical trunk b. thoracic duct c. thyroid gland d. thymus gland

thymus gland

Lymphatic ____ are formed from merging lymphatic vessels. a. ducts b. capillaries c. trunks d. lacteals

trunks

Lymphatic ________ are formed from merging lymphatic vessels. A. lacteals B. capillaries C. trunks D. ducts

trunks

The lymph nodes of the axillary region receive lymph mainly from the _______ a. scalp & face b. upper limb & mammary gland c. thoracic vescera d. brain

upper limb and mammary gland

Lymphatic vessels resemble small _______ a. valves b. arteries c. capillaries d. veins

veins

the lymphatic ducts empty into the _________ a. veins b. heart c. arteries d. lymph nodes

veins

Which of the following vessels have valves? - veins - lymphatic vessels - ateries - blood capillaries

veins & lymphatic vessels