Human Growth and Development FINAL

Which of the following correctly lists the stages of prenatal development in order of progression?

germinal, embryonic, fetal

Children whose parents have high maturity demands tend to exhibit which of the following personality traits?

high self esteem

A child who was difficulty mastering specific academic skills such as reading, but who has normal intelligence and no physical or sensory handicaps, might be categorized as having which of the following?

a learning disability

Most experts recommend that an infant's first solid food be

an iron fortified single grade cereal such as rice

Which of the following is a component of Bandura's model of personality development?

behavior

What is another term for the subjective self?

existential self

In the U.S., which group has the lowest infant mortality rate?

Chinese American babies

Which of the following is true regarding colic?

Colic typically begins at about 2 weeks and disappears at around 3-4 months

Which aspect of human development describes changes in size, shape, and characteristics of the body?

physical domain

Which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development is characterized by symbolic representation and egocentricism?

preoperational

During which stage of cognitive development does a child first acquire symbols to think and communicate?

preoperational stage

Which family of theories relies on the understanding of internal drives and emotions to answer the "whys" of human development?

psychoanalytic

Which of the following brain structures regulates attention and concentration?

recticular formation

Which of the following is a sex linked recessive chromosome?

red green colorblind

Repeated exposure to particular experiences results in the development of "known" combinations or activities, or expectancies. This describes which of the following?

schematic learning

What do cross-cultural studies of attachment reveal?

secure attachment is the most common pattern cross culturally

What is Piaget's first stage of cognitive development?

sensorimotor

Infant intelligence tests primarily gauge intelligence by measuring

sensory and motor skills

Which of the following is a term applied to an infant's cry and protest at being left with someone other than their primary caregiver?

separation anxiety

Before information can be stored in long term memory, in which of the following memory systems is the information processed?

short term memory

According to Robbie Case, working memory is also known as which of the following?

short term storage space

Which of the following happens during the first trimester of pregnancy?

the zygote implants itself in the uterus

Which of the following changes in children would one expect in the first few years after divorce?

they typically show more aggressive, defiant, or negative behavior

How do children learn impulse control?

through social interactions that apply both positive reinforcement and negative punishment

Under which circumstances might spanking be used as an effective punishment?

to stop behavior that might be harmful to the child

According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following applies to the process of assimilation?

using an existing scheme to make sense of an event or experience

Which parental characteristic is most consistently related to children's secure attachments, altruistic and empathetic behaviors, and school achievements?

warmth and nurturance

Under what circumstances will a recessive gene be expressed?

when it is paired with another recessive gene for the same trait

The genes that cause sex linked disorders are found on the

x chromosome

What is the term used to describe cells that unite at conception?

zygotes

Children who are able to classify other people into groups such as "people who are nice" and "people who are mean" are demonstrating which of the following?

person perception

The average 24 month old has an average vocabulary of about how many words?

320

Which of the following accurately reflects Freud's view of the primary tasks of development during middle childhood?

ADHD- attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

The field of __________________ is the scientific study of age-related changes in behavior, thinking, emotion, and personality.

Human Development

Who argued that children are born with a mind that is a blank slate?

John Locke

Which of the following thinkers believed that humans are selfish by nature and must seek spiritual rebirth through religious training?

St. Augustine of Hippo

Cross-cultural studies have found similar gender stereotypes across cultures. Which of the following is a common gender stereotype for men?

competence

Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence involves contextual, experiential, and _____________ intelligence.

componential

If a mother is chronically and severely depressed, what you likely see in her child?

insecure attachment

Among children whose language is significantly delayed, researchers have also noted that imitation and symbolic play are significantly delayed. This finding supports which view of language development?

interactionist

When a child combines information from several senses into one perception, this is called

intermodal perception

What is micronutrient malnutrition?

lack of sufficient vitamins and minerals

In early childhood, what characterizes the development of the emotional self?

learning to control ones emotions

What is the term that Arnold Gesell used to describe genetically programmed sequential patterns of change, such as puberty or menopause?

maturation

Guilt, shame, and pride are all examples of which of the following?

moral emotions

What is the name of the process of creating new synapses that happens very quickly in the first couple of years after birth?

synaptogenisis

Which of the following defines inductive logic?

the ability to move from personal experience to create a general principle

Early childhood is a period of optimum growth and maturation for which part of the brain?

the corpus callosum

Which areas of the brain undergo major growth spurts during middle childhood?

the medulla and the fissure of ronaldo

During the first of Freud's psychosexual stages of development, the child derives satisfaction from stimulation of which body part?

the mouth