Human Health Test #3

The most widely supported economic strategy for combatting climate change is

"Putting a price on carbon" through a carbon tax or "cap and trade" mechanism.

In a landmark epidemiological study of ambient air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities, Dockery et al. (1993) found a ____ higher mortality rate in the city with the highest pollution compared to the city with the lowest

26%

According to the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study (Lim et al., 2012), ambient particulate matter, one type of air pollution, was responsible for over _____ premature deaths and ________ of global disability-adjusted life years in 2010

3,200,000, 3.1%

Each of the following is a vector-borne disease that has expanded its range in recent years, in a pattern consistent with climate change contributions, EXCEPT:

Polio

The impacts of climate change on food and agriculture include all of the following EXCEPT:

Reduced growth of most weeds, enhancing crop production

Which of the following statements about heat waves is true?

Risk factors for death during heat waves are well defined.

Health concerns related to nuclear power include all of the following except

Substantial contributions to climate change

Ambient concentrations of an air pollutant can be highest under conditions of stagnant winds and ________

Temperature inversions

All of the following except which affect an air pollutant's ability to penetrate the respiratory system

Weather

Major health impacts of fossil fuel combustion include all of the following EXCEPT

Allergies

Each of the following sources of energy is considered renewable EXCEPT

Natural gas

In general, which particle size category is likely to penetrate most deeply into the lung

PM2.5

Global climate change contributes to each of the following EXCEPT:

Peak petroleum production

The "energy ladder" refers to a sequence of energy courses. In general, as a society moves up the energy ladder, each of the following increases EXCEPT

Adverse health impacts

Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel

Biomass

Which of the following is NOT a significant greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming?

Carbon monoxide

The vast majority of the world's energy comes from which of the following

Coal and petroleum

Which of the following air pollutants is NOT expected to increase as a result of climate change?

Dioxins

Which of the following is NOT a primary energy source?

Electricity

Which of the following is true regarding public belief in climate change?

Family and friends are powerful determinants of a person's beliefs about climate change.

The extraction of unconventional gas involves which set of health related hazards:

Fracking flowback and production waters

The process of hydrofracking seeks to

Increase porosity in tight reservoir rocks through injection of high pressure fluids and soilds.

Climate change may contribute to water contamination through all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT:

Increased chlorine concentrations due to water treatment malfunctions

Which of the following statements about the human health impacts of energy use, at the scale of societies or countries, is true?

Increasing per capita energy use is associated with improved health but only up to a point; after that, increasing energy use confers no further health benefit.

All of the following are true about tropospheric ozone except

It protects us from ultraviolet radiation

The United States Clean Air Act mandates health-protective national ambient air quality standards for which group of key outdoor pollutants (i.e., the criteria pollutants)

Lead, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulates, ozone

Which of the following statements about climate change mitigation and adaptation is true?

Mitigation includes both reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, and promoting the removal of greenhouse gases from the air through sequestration.