Human Health Test #3
The most widely supported economic strategy for combatting climate change is
"Putting a price on carbon" through a carbon tax or "cap and trade" mechanism.
In a landmark epidemiological study of ambient air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities, Dockery et al. (1993) found a ____ higher mortality rate in the city with the highest pollution compared to the city with the lowest
26%
According to the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study (Lim et al., 2012), ambient particulate matter, one type of air pollution, was responsible for over _____ premature deaths and ________ of global disability-adjusted life years in 2010
3,200,000, 3.1%
Each of the following is a vector-borne disease that has expanded its range in recent years, in a pattern consistent with climate change contributions, EXCEPT:
Polio
The impacts of climate change on food and agriculture include all of the following EXCEPT:
Reduced growth of most weeds, enhancing crop production
Which of the following statements about heat waves is true?
Risk factors for death during heat waves are well defined.
Health concerns related to nuclear power include all of the following except
Substantial contributions to climate change
Ambient concentrations of an air pollutant can be highest under conditions of stagnant winds and ________
Temperature inversions
All of the following except which affect an air pollutant's ability to penetrate the respiratory system
Weather
Major health impacts of fossil fuel combustion include all of the following EXCEPT
Allergies
Each of the following sources of energy is considered renewable EXCEPT
Natural gas
In general, which particle size category is likely to penetrate most deeply into the lung
PM2.5
Global climate change contributes to each of the following EXCEPT:
Peak petroleum production
The "energy ladder" refers to a sequence of energy courses. In general, as a society moves up the energy ladder, each of the following increases EXCEPT
Adverse health impacts
Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel
Biomass
Which of the following is NOT a significant greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming?
Carbon monoxide
The vast majority of the world's energy comes from which of the following
Coal and petroleum
Which of the following air pollutants is NOT expected to increase as a result of climate change?
Dioxins
Which of the following is NOT a primary energy source?
Electricity
Which of the following is true regarding public belief in climate change?
Family and friends are powerful determinants of a person's beliefs about climate change.
The extraction of unconventional gas involves which set of health related hazards:
Fracking flowback and production waters
The process of hydrofracking seeks to
Increase porosity in tight reservoir rocks through injection of high pressure fluids and soilds.
Climate change may contribute to water contamination through all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT:
Increased chlorine concentrations due to water treatment malfunctions
Which of the following statements about the human health impacts of energy use, at the scale of societies or countries, is true?
Increasing per capita energy use is associated with improved health but only up to a point; after that, increasing energy use confers no further health benefit.
All of the following are true about tropospheric ozone except
It protects us from ultraviolet radiation
The United States Clean Air Act mandates health-protective national ambient air quality standards for which group of key outdoor pollutants (i.e., the criteria pollutants)
Lead, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulates, ozone
Which of the following statements about climate change mitigation and adaptation is true?
Mitigation includes both reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, and promoting the removal of greenhouse gases from the air through sequestration.