HW Lesson 11
in comparing a trained athlete to a non-athlete, which of these comparisons is false? A) the athlete has a higher exercise cardiac output B) the athlete has a higher exercise stroke volume C) both hearts weigh about the same D) the athlete has a higher resting stroke volume E) the athlete has a lower resting heart rate
C) both hearts weigh about the same
Where are the sensors for the arterial baroreceptor reflex located? A) the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems B) cardiovascular centers in the medulla oblongata C) carotid sinus and aortic arc
C) carotid sinus and aortic arch
________ is the regulation of blood flow by local mechanisms within a capillary bed. A) tissue perfusion B) autoregulation C) central regulation D) all of the answers are correct E) none of the answers is correct
B) autoregulation
In the capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (HP) is exerted by ________ A) proteins in the blood B) blood pressure
B) blood pressure
The net hydrostatic pressure (HP) is the hydrostatic pressure in the __________ minus hydrostatic pressure in the __________. A) interstitial fluid; capillary B) capillary; interstitial fluid
B) capillary interstitial fluid
Which net pressure draws fluid into the capillary? A) net hydrostatic pressure B) net osmotic pressure
B) net osmotic pressure
The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures is called ________ pressure. A) critical closing B) pulse C) mean arterial D) circulatory E) blood
B) pulse
Reabsorption of the fluid into the capillary takes place at the arterial end of venous end of the capillary? A) arterial B) venous
B) venous
________ refers to all the factors that resist blood flow in the entire circulatory system. A) venous return B) capillary pressure C) cardiac output D) total peripheral resistance E) vascular resistance
D) total peripheral resistance
To defend blood volume against dehydration, the body... A) experiences an increase in the blood colloidal osmotic pressure B) accelerates reabsorption of water at the kidneys C) increases water intake D) experiences a recall of interstitial fluids E) all of the answers are correct
E) all of the answers are correct
The main control of peripheral resistance by the vasomotor centers occurs in the... A) artery B) vein C) capillary D) venule E) arteriole
E) arteriole
Paul has a horrible chainsaw accident and cuts several major blood vessels in his head and neck. As a result of this injury, you would expect to observe all of the following except A) an increased heart rate 1b0 an increased total peripheral resistance C) an increase in cardiac output D) an increased secretion of renin by the kidneys E) cold, clammy skin
C) an increase in cardiac output
A decrease in blood pressure at the arterial baroreceptors would result in which of the following? A) a decrease in cardiac output B) vasodilation of arterioles C) an increase in heart contractility D) a decrease in heart rate
C) an increase in heart contractility
Which of the following would reflect the typical net hydrostatic pressure (HP) at the arterial end of the capillary? A) 34 mmHg B) 1 mmHg C) 12 mmHg
A) 34 nnHg
Stimulation of the adrenal medulla would result in which of the following? A) an increase in heart rate and contractility B) vasodilation of arteries C) a decrease in blood pressure D) a decrease in cardiac output
A) an increase in heart rate and contractility
Averaged over a few heartbeats, venous return is ________ cardiac output. A) equal to B) somewhat lower than C) somewhat higher than D) much lower than E) much higher than
A) equal to
Each of the following will cause an increase in blood pressure except... A) increased levels of ANP B) increased levels of ADH C) increased levels of aldosterone D) increased levels of angiotensin II E) increased blood volume
A) increased levels of ANP
The colloid osmotic pressure in the capillary is cause by _________. A) proteins in the blood B) blood pressure
A) proteins in the blood
Which statement regarding irreversible shock is true? A) local pH changes increase capillary permeability B) widespread peripheral vasoconstriction results C) circulatory collapse occurs when arteriolar smooth muscles and precapillary sphincters become unable to contract D) reduced cardiac output accelerates oxygen starvation in peripheral tissues
C) circulatory collapse occurs when arteriolar smooth muscles and precapillary sphincters become unable to contract
Which of the following would have the greater effect on vascular resistance? A) decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel by 1/2 B) doubling the length of a blood vessel C) neither would be greater
C) decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel by 1/2
If blood pressure is increased at the arterial baroreceptors, what would happen with the activity level of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS)? A) increased PNS and SNS activity B) decreased PNS activity and increased SNS activity C) increased PNS activity and decreased SNS activity
C) increased PNS activity an decreased SNS activity
Angiotensin II effects include which of the following? A) inhibition of aldosterone secretion B) inhibition of ADH release C) stimulation of thirst D) decreased blood volume
C) stimulation of thirst
If a person has a blood pressure of 120/90, his mean arterial pressure would be ________ mm Hg. A) 105 B) 210 C) 93 D) 100 E) none of the answers are correct
D) 100
ADH and aldosterone secretion are part of the body's long-term compensation for A) a heart attack B) prolonged exercise C) a heavy meal D) a serious hemorrhage E) hypertension
D) a serious hemorrhage
During exercise... A) both cardiac output and stroke volume increase B) venous return increases C) vasodilation occurs at the active skeletal muscles D) all of the answers are correct E) non of the answers is correct
D) all of the answer are correct
Chemoreceptor reflexes respond to... A) oxygen B) carbon dioxide C) pH D) all of the answers are correct E) none of the answers are correct
D) all of the answers are correct
Sensory neurons that are part of the chemoreceptor reflexes are found in the... A) arch of the aorta B) common carotid artery C) medulla oblongata D) all of the answers are correct E) non of the answers is correct
D) all of the answers are correct
Which of the following factors will increase the net filtration pressure to move fluid out of capillaries? A) increased blood hydrostatic pressure B) decreased plasma albumen C) decreased tissue hydrostatic pressure D) all of the answers are correct E) none of the answers is correct
D) all of the answers are correct
Which of the following would cause vasodilation of arterioles? A) increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system B) decreased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system C) increased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system D) decreased activity of the sympathetic nervous system
D) decreased activity of the sympathetic nervous system