Immunity Quiz

A nurse is working in a pediatric clinic. After giving a hepatitis B immunization to an infant, the mother asks what kind of protection this provides for her child. The correct response is which of the following?

Active acquired immunity, which lasts many years or a lifetime

A nurse has asked the nurse educator if there is any way to predict the severity of a patient's anaphylactic reaction. What would be the nurse's best response?

"The faster the onset of symptoms, the more severe the reaction."

Family members of an immunocompromised patient have asked the nurse why antibiotics are not being given to the patient in order to prevent infection. How should the nurse best respond?

"Using antibiotics to prevent infections can cause the growth of drug-resistant bacteria."

A nurse is working with a patient who was diagnosed with HIV several months earlier. The nurse should recognize that a patient with HIV is considered to have AIDS at the point when the CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count drops below what threshold?

200 cells/mm3 of blood

An office worker eats a cupcake that contains peanut butter. He begins wheezing, with an inspiratory stridor and air hunger and the occupational health nurse is called to the office. The nurse should recognize that the worker is likely suffering from which type of hypersensitivity?

Anaphylactic (type 1)

A clinic nurse is caring for a patient admitted with AIDS. The nurse has assessed that the patient is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the onset of what complication?

HIV encephalopathy

The nurse is working with the interdisciplinary team to care for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with severe immunodeficiency disease (SCID). What treatment is likely of most benefit to this patient?

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)

The nurse is caring for a client with an immunodeficiency who has experienced sudden malaise. The nurse's colleague states, "I'm pretty sure that it's not an infection, because the most recent blood work looks fine." What principle should guide the nurse's response to the colleague?

Immunodeficient clients will usually exhibit subtle and atypical signs of infection.

A nurse's plan of care for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis includes several exercise-based interventions. Exercises for patients with rheumatoid disorders should have which of the following goals?

Preserve and increase range of motion while limiting joint stress

A patient is brought to the emergency department (ED) in a state of anaphylaxis. what is the ED nurse's priority for care?

Protect the patient's airway

The inflammatory response needs to be balanced so that what is helpful does not become harmful if mediators are secreted in excess. Which of the following are the primary mediators in an imflammatory response?

T cells and cytokines

A nurse is performing the initial assessment of a patient who has a recent diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What skin manifestation would the nurse expect to observe on inspection?

Butterfly rash

A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with an immunodeficiency. Which of the following would the nurse need to emphasize? Select all that apply.

Maintenance of a well-balanced diet Prophylactic medication regimens Ways to manage stress

You are seeing a patient in the urgent care center who was prescribed an oral antibiotic for the treatment of sinusitis one day ago from her PCP. She states that she developed a rash shortly after taking the first dose of the drug and informs you that she has now stopped taking the drug. She denies any difficulty breathing and the rash has resolved. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

Refer the woman to her primary care provider to have the medication changed.

Which of the following is a medical condition that is an example of a humoral immune response?

asthma

A patient is being treated for bacterial pneumonia. In the first stage of the illness, the patient's dyspnea was accompanied by a high fever. Currently, the patient claims to be feeling better and is afebrile. the patient is most likely in which stage of the immune response?

effector

T-cells can be either regulator T cells or effector T- cells. Regulator T-cells are made up of helper and suppressor cells. Which function are helper T-cells important in?

fighting infection

A clinic nurse is caring for a patient with suspected gout. While explaining the pathophysiology of gout to the patient, the nurse should describe which of the following?

increased uric acid

A woman has been diagnosed with breast cancer and is being treated aggressively with a chemotherapeutic regimen. As a result of this regimen, she has an inability to fight infection due to the fact that her bone marrow is unable to produce a sufficient amount of what?

lymphocytes

Immunocompetence is the ability of the immune system to cooperatively protect a person from external invaders and the body's own altered cells. Immunocompetence is maintained by white blood cells and:

lymphoid tissues

A patient was recently exposed to infectious microorganisms and many T lymphocytes are now differentiating into Killer T cells. This process characterizes what stage of the immune response?

proliferation

A client is responding to a microbial invasion and the client's differentiated lymphocytes have begun to function in either humoral or a cellular capacity. During what stage of the immune response does this occur?r

response

the nurse should recognize a patient's risk for impaired immune function if the patient has undergone surgical removal of which of the following?

spleen

A nurse is caring for a 78--year-old patient with a history of osteoarthritis (OA). when planning the patient's care, what goal should the nurse include?

the patient will express satisfaction with her ability to perform ADLs.

In its attempt to suppress allergic responses, the body releases several chemicals which have a role in mediating physical reactions. Epinephrine, which interferes with vasoactive chemical release from mast cells, is instrumental in suppressing which type of hypersensitivity response?

type 1