INAG CH14

impromptu presentation

a speech in which the speaker has little or no preparation time occur during meetings and discussions when the speaker is asked to share information about a particular subject. should always anticipate giving an impromptu presentation important to get the audience's attention, give a thesis and preview of the main points, discuss the content of the main points, and then summarize the main points

pitch

amount of vocal inflections in your voice, or the highness or lowness in your voice constant pitch = monotone should vary the pitch of your voice to show meaning and create interest

communication apprehension (CA)

an individual's level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons, and is a subset of performance anxiety

pie graph

circle graph divided into sections illustrating frequencies or proportions good ways to show the relative size of what is being depicted

gestures

hand movements used to emphasize and reinforce your message

attire

how we dress in a speaking situation in professional setting, crucial to "look the part" professionally dress viewed as more credible

movement

how you use your body during a presentation can contribute to confidence poise and posture

volume

level and variety of loudness in our voice loud enough for the audience to hear without yelling Varying the volume of our voices during a presentation helps highlight key message points and emphasize other important information

eye contact

looking at people in your audience very important

multimedia presentational aids

objects that reinforce your message, elicit emotion, or add new information using a variety of senses dont rely on multimedia, but can greatly enhance the delivery can highlight technical and complex parts of your message texts, graphs, models and objects, photos, audio and video clips, online shit, handouts, etc

systematic desensitization

reduce uncertainty about the situation by practicing performance beforehand in similar situations, and in front of others in order to understand the effects of CA without suffering from the symptoms. another strategy is to imagine the interaction; visualize a successful presentation

line graph

shows how something changes over time by connecting line points especially effective at demonstrating patterns quickly summarize stability, change, increases, or decreases

fluency

smoothness of your voice only notice when speakers are not fluid

memorized presentations

speech given from memory without the use of notes can forget the speech, lose spontaneity and the ability to connect to our audience. over-rehearse and can sound as if the speech is being read even though it is memorized.

extemporaneous presentation

speech in which the speaker carefully prepares notes and an outline, and has thoroughly practiced considered the most effective in terms of delivery and content and is most often used in speaking situations tend to sound more natural, conversational, and spontaneous. only speaking from notes or a keyword outline, this method of delivery permits greater eye contact than do other methods can refer to notes and can change the speech to adapt to audience feedback

manuscript presentation

speeches that are read from a script word for word often used in formal settings when exact wording and precision is important these types of presentations are often written using a team of writers (ex. State of Union speech by the president) can sound boring, lose all conversational tone, lose eye contact

mediated presentations

speeches that use either manuscript, memorized, impromptu, or extemporaneous delivery but are viewed using some technological component use a vast array of technology that allows a wide range of audiences to view them in different places and times video of conference, etc

rate

speed of your speech; how fast you talk use the rate of our speech to vary the emotional appeal of our message change the rate of speech so that the audience does not become bored and to emphasize certain parts of your message A speaker speaking too fast will seem anxious or nervous, while a speaker speaking too slowly can seem uniformed

telepresence

technologies that allow us to feel as if we were present in person at a different location try to mimic real-life interaction as much as possible so people at different locations get a sense that we are all together skype

Vocal fillers

unnecessary words or phrases that create pauses and disrupt the flow in our speech ummmm, like, you know? a lot of these == low fluency

bar graph

vertical or horizontal bars to represent a certain quantity effective at demonstrating relative amounts differences between groups