Intl Mkt Ch 9
Countries with the largest populations are A. China and India B. U.S. and Mexico C. European Union countries (27 members) D. Southeast Asia, incl. Indonesia
A
Countries in which women hold a significant percentage of senior management positions includes A. Philippines and Russia B. U.S. and Canada C. UK and France D. Argentina and Germany
A
Guest workers are immigrants who A. immigrate for specified periods to perform service, factory or construction work. B. travel seasonally, usually without visas, in agricultural work. C. obtain visas to work on specific projects, usually in scientific research. D. immigrant workers who are highly skilled and sign premium contracts.
A
Human trafficking and forced labor are often linked because A. forced labor often involves the selling of human services in activities such as prostitution and slave/bonded labor, activities that are conducted out of sight. B. moving humans illegally is often a part of human trafficking. C. they are both illegal and not common in western democracies. D. forced labor can lead to illegal searches.
A
In some Central American and Sub-Saharan countries, what percentage of the college-educated population emigrates? A. 10% B. 50% C. 80% D. 90%
A
Migrant labor stretches from A. highly skilled to "3-D" jobs B. low skilled to "3-D" jobs C. high tech to pharmaceutical jobs D. competitive to difficult to fill
A
Minorities in traditional societies are at times the target of local racism because A. the minorities may be more prosperous and successful than are the locals. B. locals want the minorities to integrate with the majority society. C. locals are intimidated by the minority's culture. D. minorities flaunt their superiority over the locals.
A
Om Prakash Gurjar is A. winner of the International Child Peace Prize, 2006, and a formerly bonded laborer. B. an organization established in India to work against bonded labor. C. an Indian village where UNICEF has established an education center for formerly bonded child laborers. D. B and C.
A
The largest percentage of population aged 65 and above, as projected for 2015, is to be found in A. developed nations, especially Europe, Canada and Australia. B. India and China. C. southern Africa. D. the middle East and North Africa.
A
The major motivation for immigration is A. a better economic situation. B. a more stimulating environment. C. a safer, more secure environment. D. all of the above.
A
The presence of women in the workforce and women's access in the workforce to top management jobs go together; when the first increases, the second increases. A. Data show a quite different picture. B. Yes, this is an accurate statement. C. Yes, unless women decide to have children. D. B and C.
A
Trade unions represent the largest percentage of workers in A. Sweden and Denmark. B. France and the U.S. C. the Netherlands and Switzerland. D. Italy and Canada.
A
Women's salaries in Western countries are equal to men's salaries. A. No; in fact, in the U.S., Germany, Canada, the UK, Finland and Portugal, the gender salary gap is above the OECD average. B. Yes, this is the case. Korea shows the highest gender salary gap. C. No, women's salaries have exceeded men's salaries, as more women have begun to graduate from business schools. D. Yes. Women's earnings are exactly equal to men's earnings, after yeas of catching up.
A
According to UNICEF, this proportion of the world's children are exploited by their employers: A. one in 20. B. one in six. C. one in 50. D. there have been no accurate estimates made on exploited child labor because child labor is hidden.
B
American firms contribute to reverse brain drain from the U.S. by A. terminating foreign workers. B. outsourcing knowledge work, which pulls talent back to the home country. C. encouraging their best U.S. researchers to accept foreign postings. D. hiring globally.
B
As companies have globalized, unions have A. followed them, setting up international branches wherever the company has gone. B. watched foreign outsourcing develop, as one way to escape unions. C. established branches in major trading partner countries. D. A and C.
B
Child labor A. should be roundly condemned. B. needs to be understood and addressed within its context. C. is morally wrong and should be outlawed. D. is a fact of life and needs to be ignored.
B
Globalization may have a positive influence on racism worldwide, because A. free trade will allow people to trade with whomever they wish. B. successful managers in global situations will be open and value differences. These are traits globalism builds. C. money speaks, and most people buy on price, not racial issues. D. global trade relationships encourage Internet communication; there is less need to be face-to-face.
B
Immigrants from developing countries A. lead to unemployment in skilled sectors of the U.S. economy. B. have become essential contributors the U.S. economy's health. C. dilute the skill levels of the U.S. workforce D. A and C.
B
In 2010, what percent of the world's population was 65 or older? A. 2% B. 7.6% C. 24.5% D. 43%
B
In a twist on the traditional brain drain, when skilled immigrants return to their home countries, the U.S. may lose its native talent to developing countries that offer researchers A. excitement and freedom of self-direction. B. support and facilities in areas such as stem cell research, which the U.S. has limited. C. enticing expat contracts. D. reasons to return home.
B
In employment policies of an international firm, social status issues need to be A. ignored, so that all workers have equity. B. paid careful attention to, so that issues arising from them can be foreseen. C. relegated to local control, because that is where status issues appear. D. understood and then flaunted, so that locals learn about diversity.
B
One challenge presented to employers by the rural to urban migration is A. keeping the rural immigrants in the cities. B. supporting the lifestyle adjustment necessary for rural immigrants in an urban work setting. C. maintaining the rural immigrant's interest in work. D. finding urban recreation areas for the rural immigrants, such as football fields and baseball diamonds.
B
Social status is a consideration in employment because A. status is important, especially in low context cultures. B. employment practices need to take into account social status issues as they affect relationships at work. C. whom you decide to employ reflects the social status of your firm. D. reporting relationships need to reflect social status relationships.
B
The 2010 global unemployment rate is estimated to be A. 15.5% B. 6.6% C. 2.5% D. 24%
B
UNESCO has begun the Brain Drain Initiative in order to A. increase immigration to developed countries so that scientists can explore their full potentials. B. provide researchers returning home access to global scientific networks and computing power. C. help emigrating scientists find positions for limited time periods. D. A and C.
B
UNICEF's Convention on the Rights of the Child establishes A. pay-levels and limits to working hours. B. basic standards for child labor, including nondiscrimination, devotion to the best interests of the child, and the child's right to development. C. basic parameters for child labor, including salary, hours, required schooling, and foreign language instruction. D. the rights of the child to seek employment within OSHA standards.
B
Worldwide, what approximate percentage of senior management positions is held by women? A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 01%
B
The vulnerable workforce is characterized by low earnings, low productivity, and working conditions that undermine a worker's rights.
T
The vulnerable workforce is now, as a result of the financial crisis, estimated to be one-half the global workforce.
T
All unions worldwide represent the worker in opposition to the company. A. True, especially in former communist countries. B. True, and this situation is emphasized as unions become global. C. Not the case at all. Japan is a counter-example. Unions tend to follow the values of the national culture. D. True, in the handful of countries where unions still exist.
C
Brain drain affects developing countries because A. the migration is an insult to national pride. B. tax receipts are reduced. C. they loose talent to migration, and this impacts their development. D. lower SAT scores lead to fewer opportunities for international study.
C
Forced labor is the most common in A. developed economies. B. prisons. C. South and East Asia. D. extractive industries.
C
In 2008, what percentage of the U.S. population was foreign-born? A. 2% B. 24.5% C. 12.5% D. 1.2%
C
On global labor standards, the IMF suggests that A. harmonized standards would be a way to control problematic employment practices. B. harmonized labor standards reduce labor related inequities among markets. C. higher labor standards are a consequence of economic growth, rather than a cause of it. D. the UN should control labor standards through a global conference and protocol.
C
Patriarchal, traditional values may explain some A. attitudes toward the vulnerable workforce. B. preferences for local-level workplace policies. C. sexism in the workplace. D. preference for immigrant workers.
C
Worldwide, labor tends to be A. immobile. B. unreliable. C. mobile. D. well-trained.
C
UNICEF reports that one in six children (aged 5 to 14) work under conditions that are exploitative.
T
As well-trained, highly skilled immigrants move to many OECD countries, A. the home countries lose their domestic talent and one source of development. B. citizens of the OECD countries frequently are put out of work in the highly skilled sectors. C. OECD countries offer the immigrants challenging, stimulating career prospects. D. A and C.
D
By 2010, more than half the world's workforce A. is located in urban areas. B. is located in rural areas. C. is located in edge cities. D. is located in urban areas in developing countries.
D
Europe's and Japan's populations are predicted to decline substantially between now and 2050; reversing this course could be accomplished by A. tax incentives for larger families. B. encouraged immigration. C. subsidized child-rearing. D. all of the above.
D
Growing labor pools are found in A. Japan. B. countries with high levels of immigration. C. many developing countries. D. C and B
D
Guest workers A. are temporary economic immigrants. B. work on an illegal basis. C. often are the first let go during an economic downturn. D. A and C.
D
Human trafficking may include A. bonded labor, involuntary servitude, and debt bondage. B. under-age soldiers. C. descent-based slavery. D. All of these.
D
Immigrants contribute to the development of their home countries A. through their remittances. B. when they return home, bringing knowledge and experience. C. with taxes, which they are required to pay to their home countries while residents of their adopted country. D. A and B.
D
In many developing nations, the labor situation brings with it challenges due to A. unwillingness to take positions with foreign employers. B. suspicion and distrust of foreigners. C. transitions from rural to urban situations. D. the effects of poverty and health issues.
D
In the U.S., what approximate percentage of workers with doctorates in engineering is foreign-born? A. 20% B. 03% C. 75% D. 50%
D
South-western Africa, Australia, Russia, Europe and the U.S. all have A. negative net migration rates. B. entry barriers for immigrants. C. histories of net emigration. D. positive net migration rates.
D
The International Labor Organization (ILO) is A. a global union that includes the AFL-CIO. B. an EU organization of federated labor unions. C. a part of Saturn's union alternative that is a model for globalization. D. a UN agency that promotes global labor rights.
D
The quality of a local labor force is affected by A. the local education standards. B. the local birth rates. C. the local attitudes. D. A and C.
D
The vulnerable workforce is likely to include A. women. B. part time workers. C. immigrants and unskilled workers. D. all of the above.
D
The workforce in these two countries is primarily agricultural. A. U.S. and Mexico B. USSR and Australia C. Canada and Spain D. China and India
D
UNICEF suggests that to avoid child labor A. all children under 14 should be in school. B. developed nations should exercise caution in their purchasing of products produced through child labor. C. foreign aid should go to families that allow their children to be employed. D. none of the above.
D
Aging populations are more pronounced in developed countries due to the stresses of rural living.
F
As the labor force moves from agricultural work to industrial employment and from rural to urban areas, the number of vulnerable workers decreases.
F
Because all Americans are middle class, there are no issues of class, social status or gender equity in the workplace.
F
Child labor figures include only children who are paid real wages and employed legally.
F
Classical economists assumed that labor was a mobile production factor.
F
Family-related employment benefits such as paid maternity leave and parental leave are guaranteed in all developed countries.
F
Forcing children, especially in developing nations, out of factories and fields and into schools is a step forward for them.
F
Global labor unions tend to bring similar benefits to members in all countries.
F
In developing nations with poor education systems, the effects of poverty and disease on the workforce are minimal and can be overcome with good HR practices.
F
India and Egypt are the world's two most populated countries.
F
Labor quality refers to the caste or upbringing of the employee
F
Labor quantity refers to the attitudes, education, and skills of available employees.
F
Most child labor occurs in the textile sector, on a global basis.
F
The International Labor Organization reports that immigrants send home, on average, $6.3 trillion per year.
F
The global unemployment rate is estimated to be at 12.6 percent.
F
The largest number of immigrants to the U.S. comes from Europe.
F
The major effects of the 2009 financial crisis on the workforce are not yet known.
F
The nations with the largest number of migrants to other nations are France, Australia and Israel.
F
Union membership is high in France and Japan and low in Denmark and Sweden.
F
When educated immigrants decide to return home, their adopted country experiences reverse brain drain.
T
More than half of all victims of forced labor are women and girls.
T
Outsourcing may be a way for the firm to avoid operating with a labor union.
T
Populations in developing nations tend to be growing larger and younger at the same time.
T
Studies show a relationship between women's education and a nation's overall prosperity.
T
The U.S. has 5 percent of the world's population and 20 percent of the world's migrants.
T
The aggregate remittances sent home by foreign works is greater than the total global foreign aid.
T
The need for the United Nations pledge against racism is a reminder that racial friction exists in many locales.
T
A full quarter of all college-educated workers in the U.S. are foreign-born, and more than 50 percent of workers with doctorates in engineering are, as well.
T
As a recipient of talent from developing countries, the U.S. has come to depend heavily on immigrants.
T
Guest workers provide needed labor in countries with declining populations, an arrangement which works well in good economic times but can be problematic in a time of economic constraint.
T
Immigration can be a net positive for inflation and international cost-competitiveness, but it often is seen to reduce wage levels, a factor which makes immigration unpopular with labor unions.
T
In 2010, 31 percent of the world's population was under the age of 15.
T
In traditional societies, sometimes minorities, well-educated and knowledgeable about the local culture, are easy for foreign firms to become overly dependent on; a problem if these minorities are unpopular with the majority local population.
T
Korea shows the greatest gap in gender earnings and Belgium the least. The U.S. and Canada are above the OECD average on this measure.
T
Labor unions in Europe tend to be affiliated with political parties, whereas unions in the U.S. tend to be more pragmatic, and those in Japan tend to identify strongly with the interests of the company.
T
Less than 20 percent of the world's population lived in urban areas in 1950; today it is over half.
T
Low birth rates and low levels of immigration are leading to a decline in populations in many developed countries.
T